-
病历中中英文对照
第一章
病人身份
[Identification]
?
[Name]
姓名
?
[Sex]
性别
?
[Age]
年龄
?
[Occupation]
职业
?
[Date
of
birth]
出生日期
?
[Marriage
（
Marital
status
）
]
婚姻
?
[Race]
民族
?
[Place
of
birth
(Birth
place)]
籍贯
?
[Identification
No.(code
of
ID
card
No.)]
身份证号码
?
[Department of work and TEL. No. (Unit and
Business phone No.)]
工作单位及电话
?
[Home
address
and
phone
No.]
家庭住址及电话
?
[Post
code]
邮政编码
?
[Person
to
notify
(Correspondent)
and
phone No.]
联系人及电话
?
[Source
(Complainer;offerer;supplier;provider) of history]
病史陈术者
?
[Reliability of history]
病史可靠程试
?
[Medical
security (Type of payment)]
医疗费用
?
[Type of
admission
(Patient
condition)]
住院类别
（
入院时病情）
?
[Medical
record
No.]
病历号
?
[Clinic
diagnosis]
门诊诊断
?
[Date of admission
(admission date)]
入院日期
[Date
of record]
记录日期
1
、年龄的表示方法（以
36
岁为例）<
/p>
?
36 years old
(y/o)
?
Age
36
?
36 year-
old
?
The age of 36
?
36 years of age
2
、性别的表示方法
?
[Male,
♂
]
男性
?
[Female,
♀
]
女性
3
、职业的表示方法
?
工人
[Worker]
?
退休工作
[Retired
worker]
?
农民
[Farmer
(peasant)]
?
干部
[Leader (cadre
)]
?
行政人员
[administr
ative personnel
(staff)]
?
职员
[staff
member]
?
商人
[Trader (Busin
essman)]
?
教师
[Teach
er]
?
学生
[Student]
?
医生
[Doctor]
?
药剂师
[Pharmacist]
?
护士
[Nurse]
?
军人
[Soldier]
?
警察
[Policeman]
?
工程师
[Engineer]
?
技术员
[Technician]
?
家政人员
[Housekeeper
]
?
家庭主妇
[Housewife]
?
营业员
[Assistant] <
/p>
?
服务员
[Attendant]
?
售票员
[Conductor]
4
、民族的表示方法
?
汉
[Han]
?
回
[Hui]
?
蒙
[Meng]
< br>?
藏
[Tibetan]
?
朝鲜
[Korean]
?
< br>美国人
[American]
?
日本人
[Japanese]
?
英国人
[Britisher]
5
、医疗费用的表示方法
?
[Self pay (Individual
medical care)]
自费
?
[Government
insruance (Public medical care)]
公费
?
[Insurance]
保险
?
[Local insurance]
本地医保
?
[Non-local
in surance]
外地医保
?
[Labor protestion care]
劳保
6
、婚姻状况的表示方法
?
[Married]
已婚
?
[Single
(Unmarried)]
未婚
?
[Diverced]
离婚
?
[Widow]
寡妇
?
[Widower]
鳏夫
7
、病史可靠程度的表示方法
?
[Reliable]
可靠
?
[Unreliable]
不可靠
?
[Not entirely]
不完全可靠
?
[Unobtainable]
无法获得
8
、住址的表示方法
?
[NO.3,Qing Chun Road
East,Hangzhou, Zhejiang]
浙江省杭州市庆春东路
3
号
?
[XinDong Cun, Cheng Guan
Town, Zhu Ji municipality, zhejiang province.]
浙江省诸暨市（县）城关镇
新东村
9
、病史陈述者的表示方法
?
[Patient
himself
(herself)]
患者本人
?
[Her
husband]
患者的丈夫
?
[His
wife]
患者的妻子
?
[Patient`s
colleague]
患者的同事
?
[Patient`s neighbor]
患者的邻居
?
[Patient`s
Kin (Mother; Son; daughter;brother;Sister)]
患者的
亲属
(
父亲、母亲、
儿子、女儿、兄弟、姐妹
)
?
[Taximan]
出租车司机
?
[Traffic police]
交通警察
10
、日期的表示方法
?
2002
年
10
月
1
日
[10-1-2
002(10/1/2002; Oct.1,2002;
,2002)](
美国
)
?
2002
年
10
月
1
日
[1-10-2002(1/10/2
002; 1 Oct.,2002; 1st of Oct.,2002)]
(
英国
)
11
、住院类别的表示方法
?
[Emergent (Emergency
call)]
急诊
?
[Urgent]
危重
?
[Elective (General)]
一般（普通）
12
、入院时病情的表示方法
?
[Stable]
稳定
?
[Unstable]
不稳定
?
[Relative
stable]
相对稳定
?
[Critical
(Imminent)]
危重
?
[Fair
(General)]
一般
第二章
主诉
[Chief Complaint]
< br>1
、主诉的表示方法：症状
+
时
间（
Symptom+Time
）
<
/p>
?
症状
+for+
时间
如：
[Chest
pain for 2 hours]
胸痛
2
小时
?
症状
+of+
时间
如：
[Nausea
and vomiting of three days` duration]
恶心呕吐
3
天
?
症状
+
时间
+in duration
如：
[Headache 1 month in duration]
头痛
1
月
<
/p>
?
时间
+of+
症状
如：
[Two-day
history of fever]
发热
2
天
2
、常见症状
?
[Fever]
发热
?
[Pain]
疼痛
?
[Edema]
水肿
?
[Mucocutaneous hemorrhage (bleeding)]
皮肤粘膜出血
?
[Dyspnea (Difficuly in
breathing;Respiratory difficulty;short of breath)]
呼吸困难
?
[Cough and expectoration (Sputum
?
?
?
?
?
< br>?
?
?
?
?
?
?
hlegm)]
咳嗽和咯痰
[Hemoptysis]
咯血
[Cyanosis]
紫绀
[Palpitation]
心悸
[Chest discomfort]
胸闷
[Nausea (Retch;Dry Vomiting)and
Vomiting]
恶心和呕吐
[Hematemesis (Vomiting of blood)]
呕血
[Hematochezia
(Hemafecia)]
便血
[Diarrhea]
腹泻
[Constipation (Obstipation)]
便秘
[Vertigo
(Giddiness; Dizziness)]
眩晕
[Jaundice (Icterus)]
黄疸
[Convulsion]
惊厥
?
[Disturbance of consciousness]
意识障碍
?
[Hematuria]
血尿
?
[Frequent
micturition,urgent micturition and dysuria]
尿频，尿急和尿痛
?
[Incontinence of urine]
尿失禁
?
[Retention of urine]
尿潴留
（
1
）发热的表示方法
?
[Infective
(Septic)fever]
感染性发热
?
[Non-infective
(Aseptic)fever]
非感染性发热
?
[Dehydration
(Inanition)fever]
脱水热
?
[Drug fever]
药物热
?
[Functional hypothermia]
功能性低热
?
[Absorption fever]
吸收热
?
[Central fever]
中枢性发热
?
[Fever type]
热型
▲
[Continuous fever]
稽留热
▲
[Remittent fever]
驰张热
▲
[Intermittent fever]
间歇热
▲
[Undulant fever]
波状热
▲
[Recurrent fever]
回归热
▲
[Periodic fever]
周期热
▲
[Irregular fever]
不规则热
▲
[Ephemeral fever]
短暂热
▲
[Double peaked fever]
双峰热
?
[Fever of
undetermined(unknown) origin, FUO]
不明原因发热
?
[Rigor
(shivering;chill;shaking chill;ague)]
寒战
?
[Chilly Sensation (Fell chilly;cold
fits;coldness)]
畏寒
?
[Ultra-hyperpyrexia]
超高热
?
[Hyperthermia (A high fever;hyperpyrexia;ardent
fever)]
高热
?
[Moderate fever]
中度发热
?
[Hypothermia (Low-grade fever;slight
fever;subfebrile temperature)]
低热
?
[Become feverish (Have a temperature)]
发热
?
[Crisis]
骤降
?
[Lysis]
渐降
?
[Typhoid fever]
伤寒热
?
[Rheumatic fever]
风湿热
?
[Cancerous fever]
癌性发热
?
[Fervescence period]
升热期
?
[Defervescence period]
退热期
?
[Persistent febrile
period]
持续发热期
（
2
）疼痛的表示方法
?
[Backache (Back pain)]
背痛
?
[Lumbago]
腰痛
?
[Headache]
头痛
▲
[Vasomotor headache]
血管舒缩性头痛
▲
[Post-traumatic headache]
创伤后头痛
▲
[Migraine headache]
偏头痛
▲
[Cluster headache]
丛集性头痛
?
[Chest pain]
胸痛
?
[Precardial pain]
心前区痛
?
[Retrosternal pain]
胸骨后痛
?
[Abdominal pain (Stomachache)]
腹痛
?
[Acrodynia (pain in limbs)]
肢体痛
?
[Arthrodynia (Arthralgia)]
关节痛
?
[Dull pain]
钝痛
?
[Sharp pain]
锐痛
?
[Twinge pain]
刺痛
?
[Knife-like pain (Piercing
pain)]
刀割（刺）样痛
?
[Aching pain]
酸痛
?
[Burning pain]
烧灼痛
?
[Colicky (Griping;cramp)
pain]
绞痛
?
[Colic]
绞痛
?
[Bursting pain]
胀痛（撕裂痛）
?
[Hunger pain]
饥饿痛
?
[Tic pain]
抽搐痛
?
[Bearing-down pain]
坠痛
?
[Shock-like pain]
电击样痛
?
[Jumping pain]
反跳痛
?
[Tenderness pain]
触痛（压痛）
?
[Girdle-like pain]
束带样痛
?
[Wandering pain]
游走性痛
?
[Throbbing pain]
搏动性痛
?
[Radiating pain]
放射性痛
?
[Cramping pain]
痉挛性痛
?
[Boring pain]
钻痛
?
[Intense pain]
剧痛
?
[Writhing pain]
痛得打滚
?
[Dragging pain]
牵引痛
?
[Labor pain]
阵痛
?
[Cancerous pain]
癌性疼痛
?
[Referred pain]
牵涉痛
?
[Persistent pain
(Unremitting pain)]
持续性痛
?
[Constant pain]
经常性痛
?
[Intermittent pain]
间歇性痛
（
3
）水肿的表示方法
?
[Mucous edema
(Myxedema)]
粘液性水肿
?
[Cardiac (Cardiogenic)
edema]
心源性水肿
?
[Nephrotic (renal) edema]
肾源性水肿
?
[Hepatic edema]
肝源性水肿
?
[Alimentary (Nutritional)
edema]
营养不良性水肿
?
[Angioneurotic edema]
血管神经性水肿
?
[Pitting]
凹陷性
?
[Nonpitting]
非凹陷性
?
[Localized (Local) edema]
局限性水肿
?
[Generalized edema
(Anasarca)]
全身性水肿
?
[Hydrops]
积水
?
[Elephantiasic crus]
橡皮肿
?
[Cerebral(Brain) edema]
脑水肿
?
[Pulmonary edema (Hydropneumonia0]
肺水肿
?
[Hydrocephalus]
脑积水
?
[Edema of endoscrinopathy]
内分泌病性水肿
?
[Invisible (Recessive)
edema]
隐性水肿
?
[Frank edema]
显性水肿
?
[Inflammatory edema]
炎性水肿
?
[Idiopathic edema]
特发性水肿
?
[Cyclical edema]
周期性水肿
?
[Ascites (Abdominal
effusion;hydroperiotoneum)]
腹水
?
[Pleural effusion (Hydrothorax)]
胸水
?
[Pericardial effusion (Hydropericardium)]
心包积液
?
[Bronchoedema]
支气管水肿
?
[Slight (Mild)]
轻度
?
[Moderate]
中度
?
[Serious]
重度
?
[Transudate]
漏出液
?
[Exudate]
渗出液
（
4
）呼吸困难的表示方法
?
[Cardiac dyspnea]
心原性呼吸困难
?
[Inspiratory]
吸气性
?
[Expiratory]
呼气性
?
[Mixed]
混合性
?
[Obstructive]
梗阻性
?
[Dyspnea at rest]
静息时呼吸困难
?
[Dyspnea on exertion]
活动时呼吸困难
?
[Dyspnea on lying down]
躺下时呼吸困难
?
[Paroxysmal nocturnal
dyspnea,PND]
夜间阵发性呼吸困难
?
[Orthopnea]
端坐呼吸
?
[Asthma]
哮喘
?
[Cardiac asthma]
心源性哮喘
?
[Bronchial asthma]
支气管性哮喘
?
[Hyperpnea]
呼吸深快
?
[Periodic breathing]
周期性呼吸
?
[Tachypnea (Rapid or fast
breathing;accelerated breathing;short of
breath)]
气促
?
[Bradypnea (Slow
breathing)]
呼吸缓慢
?
[Irregular breathing]
不规则呼吸
（
5
）皮肤粘膜出血的表示方法
?
[Bleeding spots in the
skin]
皮肤出血点
?
[Petechia]
瘀点
?
[Eccymosis]
瘀斑
?
[Purpura]
紫癜
?
[Splinter hemorrhage]
片状出血
?
[Oozing of the blood
(Errhysis)]
渗血
?
[Blood blister
(Hemophysallis)]
血疱
?
[Hemorrhinia (Nasal
bleeding)]
鼻衄
?
[Ecchymoma]
皮下血肿
（
6
）咳嗽与咯痰的表示方法
?
[Dry cough (Nonproductive
cough;hacking cough)]
干咳
?
[Sharp cough]
剧咳
?
[Wet cough (Moist cough)]
湿咳
?
[Productive cough (Loose
cough)]
排痰性咳
?
[Chronic cough]
慢性咳嗽
?
[Irritable cough]
刺激性咳嗽
?
[Paroxysmal cough]
发作性（阵发性）咳嗽
?
[Cough continually]
持续性咳嗽
?
[Spasmodic cough]
痉挛性咳嗽
?
[Whooping cough]
百日咳
?
[Winter cough]
冬季咳
?
[Wheezing cough]
喘咳
?
[Short cough]
短咳
?
[Distressed cough]
难咳
?
[Shallow cough]
浅咳
?
[Droplet]
飞沫
?
[Frothy sputum]
泡沫样痰
?
[Bloody sputum]
血痰
?
[Mucous (Mucoid) sputum]
粘液样痰
?
[Purulent sputum]
脓痰
?
[Mucopurulent sputum]
粘液脓性痰
?
[White (Yellow,green)
sputum]
白（黄
,
绿）痰
?
[Fetid (Foul)
sputum]
恶臭痰
?
[Iron-rust (Rusty) sputum]
铁锈色痰
?
[Chocolate coloured sputum]
巧克力色痰
?
[Thick sputum]
浓痰
?
[Thin sputum]
淡痰
?
[Viscous sputum]
粘痰
?
[Transparent sputum]
透明痰
?
[Much (Large amounts of)
sputum]
大量痰
?
[Moderate amounts of
sputum]
中等量痰
?
[Not much (Small amounts
of ) sputum]
少量痰
（
7
）内脏出血的表示方法
?
[Goldstein
’
s
hemoptysis]
戈耳斯坦氏咯血
?
[Massive
hematemesis]
大量呕血
?
[Epistasis
(Nosebleed;Nasal bleeding;
Hemorrhinia;rhinorrhagia)]
鼻衄
?
[Hematuria]
血尿
?
[Initial hematuria]
初血尿
?
[Idiopathic hematuria]
特发性血尿
?
[Painless hematuria]
无痛性血尿
?
[Terminal hematuria]
终末性血尿
?
[Gross (Macroscopic)
hematuria]
肉眼血尿
?
[Microscopic hematuria]
镜下血尿
?
[Hematuria in the whole process of urination]
全程血尿
?
[Gingival bleeding (Ulaemorrhagia;gum bleeding)]
牙龈出血
?
[Hematochezia]
便血
?
[Bloody stool]
血便
?
[Black stool (Melena)]
黑便
?
[Tarry stool]
柏油样便
?
[Bleeding following trauma]
外伤后出血
?
[Spontaneous bleeding]
自发性出血
?
[Bleeding Continuously]
持续出血
?
[Occult blood,OB]
隐血
?
[Hematobilia]
胆道出血
?
[Hemathorax]
血胸
?
[Hemarthrosis]
关节积血
?
[Hematocoelia]
腹腔积血
?
[Hematoma]
血肿
?
[Hemopericardium]
心包积血
?
[Cerebral hemorrhage]
脑出血
?
[Subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)]
蛛网膜下腔出血
?
[Excessive (Heavy)
menstrual flow with passage of clots]
月经量多伴血块
?
[Mild (Moderate) menses]
月经量少（中等）
?
[Painless Vaginal
bleeding]
无痛性阴道出血
?
[Postcoital bleeding]
性交后出血
?
[Pulsating bleeding]
搏动性出血
?
[Post-operation wound
hemorrhage]
术后伤口出血
?
[Excessive bleeding after
denal extraction]
拔牙后出血过多
（
8
）紫绀的表示方法
?
[Congenital cyanosis]
先天性紫绀
?
[Enterogenous]
肠源性
?
[Central]
中枢性
?
[Peripheral]
周围性
?
[Mixed]
混合性
?
[Acrocyanosis]
指端紫绀
（
9
）恶心与呕吐的表示方法
?
[Vomiturition (Retching)]
干呕
?
[Feel nauseated]
恶心感
?
[Postprandial nausea]
饭后恶心
?
[Hiccup]
呃逆
?
[Sour regurgitation]
返酸
?
[Fecal (Stercoraceous) vomiting]
吐粪
?
[undigested food Vomiting]
吐不消化食物
?
[Bilious Vomiting]
吐胆汁
（
1
0
）腹泻与便秘的表示方法
?
[Moning diarrhea]
晨泻
?
[Watery (Liquid)diarrhea]
水泻
?
[Mucous diarrhea]
粘液泻
?
[Fatty diarrhea]
脂肪泻
?
[Chronic (Acute)]
慢性（急性）
?
[Mild diarrhea]
轻度腹泻
?
[Intractable (Uncontrolled)diarrhea]
难治性腹泻
?
[Protracted diarrhea]
迁延性腹泻
?
[Bloody stool]
血梗
?
[Frothy stool]
泡沫样便
?
[Formless (Formed)stool]
不成形（成形）便
?
[Loose (Hard) stool]
稀（硬）便
?
[Rice-water stool]
米泔样便
?
[Undigested stool]
不消化便
?
[Dysenteric diarrhea]
痢疾样腹泻
?
[Inflammatory diarrhea]
炎症性腹泻
?
[Osmotic]
渗透性
?
[Secretory]
分泌性
?
[Malabsorption]
吸收不良性
?
[Lienteric]
消化不良性
?
[Pancreatic diarrhea]
胰性腹泻
?
[Tenesmus]
里急后重
?
[Pass a stool (Have a
passage; open or relax the bowel)]
解大便
?
[Have a call of nature]
便意
?
[Fecal incontinence
(Copracrasia)]
大便失禁
?
[Functional constipation]
功能性便秘
?
[Organic constipation]
器质性便秘
?
[Habitual constipation]
习惯性便秘
?
[Have a tendency to be
constipated]
便秘倾向
（
11
）黄疸的表示方法
?
[Latent (occult) jaundice]
隐性黄疸
?
[Clinical jaundice]
显性黄疸
?
[Nuclear icterus]
核黄疸
?
[Physiologic icterus]
生理性黄疸
?
[Icterus simplex]
传染性黄疸
?
[Toxemic icterus]
中毒性黄疸
?
[Hemolytic]
溶血性
?
[Hepatocellular]
肝细胞性
?
[Obstructive]
阻塞性
?
[Congenital]
先天性
?
[Familial]
家族性
?
[Cholestatic]
胆汁淤积性
?
[Hematogenous]
血源性
?
[Malignant]
恶性
?
[Painless]
无痛性
（
1
2
）意识障碍的表示方法
?
[Somnolence]
嗜睡
?
[Confusion]
意识模糊
?
[Stupor]
昏睡
?
[Coma]
昏迷
?
[Delirium]
谵妄
?
[Syncope (swoon; faint)]
晕厥
?
[Drowsiness]
倦睡
（
13
）排尿的表示方法
?
[Enuresis (Bed-wetting)]
遗尿
?
[Anuria]
无尿
?
[Emiction interruption]
排尿中断
?
[Interruption of urinary stream]
尿线中断
?
[Nocturia]
夜尿
?
[Oliguria]
少尿
?
[Polyuria]
多尿
?
[Pass water (Make water;
urinate; micturition)]
排尿
?
[Frequent micturition
(Frequency of micturition; fruquent urination;
Pollakiuria)]
尿频
?
[Urgent micturition
(Urgency of urination or micturition)]
尿急
?
[Urodynia (Pain on micturition; painful
micturition; alginuresis; micturition pain)]
尿痛
?
[Dysuria (Difficulty in micturition; disturbance
of micturition)]
排尿困难
?
[Small urinary stream]
尿线细小
?
[Void with a good stream]
排尿通畅
?
[Guttate emiction (Dribbling following
urination;terminal dribbling)]
滴尿
?
[Bifurcation of urination]
尿流分叉
?
[Residual urine]
残余尿
?
[Extravasation of urine]
尿外渗
?
[Stress incontinence]
压力性尿失禁
?
[Overflow incontinence]
溢出性尿失禁
?
[Paradoxical in
continence]
反常性尿失禁
3
．少见症状
?
[Weekness( Debility;
asthenia; debilitating)]
虚弱（无力）
?
[Fatigue (Tire;
lassitude)]
疲乏
?
[Discomfort
(Indisposition; malaise)]
不适
?
[Wasting (thin;
underweight; emaciation; lean)]
消瘦
?
[Night sweating]
盗汗
?
[Sweat (Perspiration)]
出汗
?
[Cold sweat]
冷汗
?
[Pruritus (Iching)]
搔痒
?
[Asthma]
气喘
?
[Squeezing (Tightness;
choking; pressing) sensation of the chest]
胸部紧缩
（压榨）感
?
[Intermittent
claudication]
间歇性跛行
?
[Difficulty in swallowing(
Dysphagia; difficult swallowing; acataposis)]
吞咽困难
?
[Epigastric (Upper abdominal) discomfort]
上腹部不适
?
[Anorexia (Sitophobia)]
厌食
?
[Poor appetite (Loss of appetite)]
纳差
?
[Heart-burn( Pyrosis)]
胃灼热
?
[Stomachache( Pain in
stomach)]
胃部痛
?
[Periumbilial pain]
脐周痛
?
[Belching (Eructation)]
嗳气
?
[Sour regurgitation]
返酸
?
[Abdominal distention(bloating)]
腹胀
?
[Pass gas( Break wink)]
肛门排气
?
[Small(Large) stool]
大便少（多）
?
[Expel(Pass) worms]
排虫
?
[Pain over the liver]
肝区痛
?
[Lumbago]
腰痛
?
[Pica(Parorexia; allotriophagy)]
异食癖
?
[Dysmenorrhea]
痛经
?
[Menoxenia (Irregular
menstruation)]
月经不调
?
[Polymenorrhea
(Epimenorrhea)]
月经过频
?
[Oligomenorrhea]
月经过少
?
[Excessive menstruation (Menorrhagia;
menometrorrhagia; hypermenorrhea)]
经量过多
?
[Hypomenorrhea (Scantymenstruation)]
经量过少
?
[Menopause (Menostasia; menostasis)]
绝经
?
[Amenorrhea (Menoschesis)]
闭经
?
[Leukorrhagia]
白带过多
?
[Asexuality (lack of
libido)]
无性欲
?
[Hyposexuality]
性欲低下
?
[Hypersexuality]
性欲亢进
?
[Prospermia (Ejaculatio
praecox)]
早泄
?
[Impotency (impotence)]
阳萎
?
[Nocturnal emission (Spermatorrhea)]
遗精
?
[Lack of potency]
无性交能力
?
[Hair loss]
脱发
?
?<
/p>
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?<
/p>
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
[Joint pain (Arthralgia;
arthrodynia)]
关节痛
[Polydipsia (Excessive thirst)]
多饮（烦渴）
[Polyphagia (Excessive appetite; hyperorexia;
bulimia)]
多食
[Cold (Heat) intolerance]
怕冷（热）
[Dwarfism
(Excessive height)]
身材矮小（高大）
[Excessive sweating]
多汗
[Hands
tremble]
手抖
[Obesity (Fatty)]
肥胖
[Agitation (Anxiety;nervous
irritability)]
焦虑（忧虑）
[Mania]
躁狂
[Hallucination]
幻觉
[Aphasia
(Logopathy)]
失语
[Amnesia (Poor memorization;memory deterioration)]
记忆力下降
[Hemianesthesia]
偏身麻木
[Formication]
蚁走感
[Tingling]
麻刺感
[Hyperpathia]
痛觉过敏
[Hypalgesia]
痛觉减退
[Illusion]
错觉
[Hemiplegia]
半身不遂
[Insomnia
(Poor sleepness;sleeplessness)]
失眠
[Nightmare]
多梦
[Numbness]
麻木
[Pain in
limbs (Acrodynia)]
肢体痛
[Limitation of motion]
活动受限
[Tetany]
手足抽搐
[Discharge
of pus]
流脓
[Blurred vision(Hazy vision;blurring of vision;
dimness of vision)]
视物模糊
[Burning (Dry) sensation]
烧灼（干燥）感
[Tearing
(Dacryorrhea;Lacrimation)]
流泪
[Double
vision (Diplopia)]
复视
[Strabismus]
斜视
[Hemianopia]
偏盲
[Tired eyes (Eyestrain)]
眼疲劳
[Foreign
body sensation]
异物感
[Lose the sight (Lose of vision)]
失明
[Diminution
of vision]
视力减退
[Nictition]
眨眼
[Ophthalmodynia (Eye-ache;ocular pain)]
眼痛
[Photophobia]
畏光
[Spots before
the eyes]
眼前黑点
[Deafness(Anacusia)]
耳聋
[Auditory dysesthesia]
听力减退
[Otalgia
(Otodynia;pain in the ear ear-ache)]
耳痛
?
?<
/p>
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
[Stuffy feeling in the
ear]
耳闭气
[Tinnitus]
耳鸣
[Outophony]
自声过强
[Nasal obstruction (blockage)]
鼻塞
[Dryness of
the nose]
鼻干燥
[Rhinorrhea (Snivel;Nasal discharge)]
流鼻涕
[Sneezing]
打喷嚏
[Snoring]
打鼾
[Hyposmia
(Reduction of the sense of smell)]
嗅觉减退
[Anosmia
(Complete loss of sense of smell)]
嗅觉丧失
[Dysphonia]
发音困难
[Hoarseness]
声嘶
[Pain on swallowing]
吞咽痛
[Saliva dribblies from the mouth]
流涎
[Troaty
voice]
声音沙哑
[Stridor]
喘鸣
[Red and swollen]
红肿
[Scurf]
头皮屑
[Show]
见红
[Amniotic fluid escaped]
破水
[Uterine
contraction]
宫缩
[Acalculia]
计算不能
[Apathy]
情感淡漠
[Delusion]
妄想
第三章
现病史
[History of present
illness (HPI/PI)]
现病史书写的重点包括：
一、主诉中症状的详细描述；
二、疾病的发展过程；
三、诊疗经过；
四、目前的一般情况。
1
、诱因
?
无诱因下
[With no
inducing factors]
?
无明显诱因下
[Under no
obvious predisposing causes]
?
感冒一周后
[After
getting (catching) common cold for 1 week]
2
、症状出现的叙述
?
有……症状
▲
suffer from
▲
have an attack of
▲
have(fell)
▲
begin to fell
▲
a feeling (sensation)
of
……
▲
complain (of)
▲
……
sensation (feeling) in
(of)
……
▲
[
发热
]have a temperature
(become feverish)
?
在……情况下发生
▲
活动时呼吸困难
[dyspnea on exertion]
▲
躺下后即出现咳嗽
[Cough occurs soon
after lying]
?
与……有（无）关
▲
与……有关
[be associated with]
▲
与……有关
[have (make) relation
to]
▲
与……无关
[have (make)no relation
to]
?
在……情况下加重（减轻）
▲
餐后加重
[become worse after
taking meals]
▲
站立后缓解
[be relieved by
standing up]
▲
随呼吸和咳嗽而加重
[become more severe
with breathing and cough]
?
伴有……
▲
be accompanied by
3
、起病方式
?
急性腹痛
[acute
abdominal pain]
?
慢性低热
[chronic
lower fever]
?
暴发性发病
[the onset
was fulminating]
?
骤起胸痛
[an
explosive onset of chest pain]
?
突然起病伴高热
[the
onset was sudden with high fever]
?
突发突止
[attacks
began and ended abruptly]
?
因……而突然起病
[the
attack is precipitated by
……
]
?
很快发生晕厥
[syncope
occured rapidly]
?
逐渐出现咳嗽咳痰
[gradual
onset of cough and sputum]
?
偶而
[occasionally
(sporadically, accidentally)]
?
反复胸闷心悸
[recurrent
(bouts of) chest discomfort and palpitation]
?
一过性发作
[transitory
attack]
?
连续胸痛
[chest pain
continually]
?
时重时轻
[waned and
waxed]
?
时好时坏
[hang
in the balance]
?
不停地咳嗽
[have a fit
of cough]
?
发作性呼吸困难
[paroxysmal short of breath]
?
频繁咳嗽
[cough
frequently (very often)]
?
持续
性（间歇性）
[persistent (intermittent)]
?
频发胸痛
[frequent
episodes of chest pain]
?
持续不变
[be steady]
4
、病情变化描述
< br>?
[
症状好转
]
▲
fell better than before
▲
take a favorable turn
▲
take a turn for the better
▲
improve
▲
make favorable progress
▲
turn for the better
▲
change for the better
▲
be better
?
[
症状减轻
]
▲
alleviate
▲
reduce
▲
palliate
▲
diminish
▲
ease(lighten)
▲
mitigate
?
[
症状消失
]
▲
disappear
▲
subside
▲
regress
▲
clear up
▲
vanish
▲
dissolve
▲
die (fade) away
▲
relieve
?
[
症状加重
]
▲
be (make,become,get) worse
▲
worsen
▲
become more severe
▲
take a turn for the worse
▲
be aggravated
▲
increase in severity
▲
take a bad turn
▲
make (become) more serious
▲
make (become) heavier
?
[
无变化
]
▲
remain the same
as
……
▲
continue without change
▲
be identical
▲
be alike
▲
be similar
▲
resemble
?
[
时好时坏
]
▲
wane and wax
▲
hang in the balance
?
[
体温
/
< br>血压升降
]
▲
升至
[rise (go up) to ]
▲
已升至
[have risen (gone up) to
]
▲
从……升至……
[go up from
……
to
……
]
▲
升至
[be elevated to]
▲
迅速下降
[fall (decline, abate)
abruptly]
▲
骤降（升）
[sudden drop
(elevation)]
▲
渐降（升）
[fall (elevate)
gradually]
▲
缓慢下降
[slow crisis (lysis) of
]
▲
一天天下降
[be (become) lower day
by day]
▲
开始降低
[begin to remit]
▲
降至正常
[drop (was reduced) to
normal]
▲
已降至
[have gone down (dropped)
to]
▲
回复到正常
[return (revert) to
normal]
▲
由……降（升）至……
[fall (elevate) fr
om
……
to
……
]
▲
维持在……水平
[maintain at a level
of
……
]
▲
稳定在……
[stabilize
at
……
]
▲
热退了
[fever disappeared]
▲
不超过
[do not go up over
(exceed)
……
]
▲
在……和……之间波动
[fluctuate (vary)
between
……
and
……
]
▲
在……至……范围内
[range from
< br>……
to
……
]
▲
平均
38
.5
℃
[an average temperature
of 38.5
℃
]
▲
有
39.
2
℃的体温
[have fever (a
temperature) of 39.2
℃
]
5
、症状的时间表示
?
持续
▲
lasted for 2 days
▲
have gone on for 1 month
▲
have continued for 10 hours
▲
lasted on the average 3-5
hours
▲
lasted a variable
time from 5 minutes to several hours
▲
lasted about half an hour
?
超过（不到）
[move than
(less than)]
?
……以前
[two years
ago]
?
多在……时发生
[usually
between 3 and 5 PM]
?
未发作过
[be free of
onsets (attacks) for 2 weeks]
6
、症状的严重程度
?
轻度
[mild
(slight)]
?
中度
[moderate]
?
重度
[severe
(serious)]
7
、症状的其他描述方法
?
[
部位
]
▲
be located (situated) in
(over)[
位于
]
▲
There is localized pain in<
/p>
……
[
疼痛位于
]
▲
near
……
< br>[
在……附近
]
▲
be localized to (in,
over)[
局限于
]
▲
be limited (confined)
to[
局限于
]
?
< br>[
表示部位的介词
]
▲心尖部，表示小的部位或点
[at the apex]
▲上腹部，表示大的部位
[in the upper
abdomen]
▲在左下肢，表示皮肤表面上（下）的病变
[on
(beneath) the
left lower limb]
▲在右肺，表示正上方的相应体表部位
[over the
right lung]
▲嘴上（下）方，表示高低或上下的位置关系
[above
(below)
the mouth]
▲左乳皮下
[under the skin of the
left breast]
?
[
转移
/
放射
]
▲转移到……
[shift (migrate)
to
……
]
▲放射到……
[radiate
(travel,go,refer)to
……
]
从……放射到……
[radiate from
……
to
……
]
第三章
现病史
[History of present
illness (HPI/PI)]
?
[
< br>耳鼻咽喉及口腔症状
]
▲耳痛
[otalgia (pain of ears)]
▲耳鸣
[tinnitus (ears ring)]
▲耳鸣
[a buzzing
(ringing,singing) in the ears]
▲左耳有耳鸣感
[a buzzing sensation
in the left ear]
▲耳聋
[deafness (loss in
hearing)]
▲左耳聋
[be deaf of
the left ear]
▲耳流脓
[otorrhea
(otopyorrhea)]
▲耳出血
[otorrhagia]
▲耳垢
[cerumen (earwax)]
▲耳血肿
[othematoma]
▲鼻塞
[nasal obstruction]
▲不能用鼻呼吸
[be unable to breathe
through (by) the nose
(nasal dyspnea)]
▲打喷涕和流涕
[sneezing and nasal
discharge]
▲水样鼻涕
[watery
rhinorrhea]
▲鼻出血
[nosebleed]
▲咽喉痛
[sore throat]
▲口吃
[stuttering]
▲口臭
[ozostomia
(saburra,halitosis)]
▲张口困难
[difficult (inability)
to open the mouth]
▲张口（吞咽、嚼）困难
[difficult in
opening the mouth
(swallowing
，
masticating)]
▲咽下困难
[dysphagia]
▲流涎多
[have excessive
salvation]
?
[
眼科及牙
科症状
]
▲眼睑浮肿
[eyelid
edema]
▲眼痛
[pain in the eyes]
▲视边模糊
[blurring of vision
(blurred vision)]
▲过度流泪
[excessive tearing
(watering)]
▲视疲劳
[asthenopia
(visional tired)]
▲视力减退
[hypopsia (diminution
of vision)]
▲视力衰弱
[ophthalmocopia]
▲远（近）视力模糊
[indistinct distant
(near) vision]
▲失明
[loss of
vision]
▲搏动性牙痛
[throbbing
pain of tooth (odontalgia)]
▲牙龈出血
[gingival bleeding]
▲牙龈萎缩（增生）
[gingival
atrophy(hypertrophy)]
▲牙周溢脓
[peripyema]
?
[
妇产科症状
]
▲月经过多
[excessive menstrual
flow (menorrhagia)]
▲月经多并伴血块
[experience
menorrhagia with passage of
clots]
▲经量少（中等、多）
[mild
(moderate,heavy) menses]
▲月经过少
[hypomenorrhea]
▲阴道出血
[vaginal
bleeding(colporrhagia)]
▲阴道大出血
[massive (profuse)
vaginal bleeding]
▲无痛性（性交后）阴道出血
< br>[painless(postcoital) vaginal
bleeding]
▲阴道干燥
[colpoxerosis]
▲月经规则（不规则）
[rugular
(irregular) menstrual cycle]
▲月经周期
26
天，持续
4
天
[menstrual periods of 26 days and
lasted 4 days]
▲白带增多
[leukorrhagia (profuse
leukorrhea or whites)]
▲外阴搔痒
[pruritus of vulva]
▲外阴湿疹（白斑）
[eczema
(leukoplakia) of vulva]
▲绝经
[amenorrhea]
▲停经
[menopause]
▲停
经
3
年
[3 years post
menopausal]
▲
50
岁停
经
[Passed menopause at age 50]
▲经前（期）痛
[pain before (during)
the flow]
▲预产期
[expected date
of confinement]
▲见红和破水
[show
and amniotic fluid escaped (rupture of
membranes)]
▲羊水过多（少）
[polyhydramnios
(oligohydramnios)]
▲月经期水肿
[menstrual edema]
▲月经失调
[menstrual disorder]
▲性欲正常（减退）
[normal(decreased)
libido]
▲无性欲
[loss of libido]
▲性功能障碍
[sexual disorder]
▲性变态
[paraphilia]
▲性要求高（低）
[be
oversexed(undersexed)]
▲性感不快
[dypareunia]
▲性欲亢进（减退）
[hypersexuality
(hyposexuality)]
▲产程
[stage
of labor]
▲产程延长
[prolonged
labor]
▲产道裂伤（损伤）
[laceration
(injury) of birth canal]
▲产后腹痛（出血，尿潴留，子痫）
[postpartum
tormina
(hemorrhage,retention of urine,
eclampsia)]
▲产前出血
[antepartum
hemorrhage]
▲产前子痫
[prenatal
eclampsia]
▲产前检查
[prenatal
examination]
▲产褥热
[puerperal
fever]
▲产褥期护理
[pureperal
care]
▲妊娠呕吐
[vomiting of
pregnancy (hyperemesis gravidarum)]
▲妊娠反应
[pregnancy reaction]
▲妊娠高血压（水肿）
[gestation
hypertension (edema)]
?
[
病程中的一般情况
]
▲一般情况尚可（一般、差）
[general
condition is fair (ordinary, bad)]
▲胃纳佳（差）
[have a good (poor)
appetite]
▲过度进食
[eat too much
(overeat, eat heavily)]
▲过少进食
[eat poorly (take
little food)]
▲无食欲
[have no
appetite]
▲食欲减退
[appetite
decreases]
▲口渴
[feel thirsty]
▲大量饮水
[drink water
generously]
▲体重增加
[gain in
weight]
▲体重增加
8
公斤<
/p>
[a 8 kilograms weight gain (gain 8
kilograms)]
▲体重减轻
[loss of
weight (weight loss)]
▲体重稳定不变
[body weight is
stable (unchanged, maintained)]
▲睡眠障碍
[somnipathy]
▲睡眠不足
[lack (want) of sleep]
▲不易入睡
[have trouble getting
to sleep]
▲容易入睡
[fall into a
sleep very easily]
▲睡眠过度
[hypersomnia]
▲睡行症
[sleep walking]
▲嗜（贪）睡
[somnolence (be fond
of sleep)]
▲夜晚因……而易醒
[easily
wakened at night because
of
……
]
▲失眠
[have insomnia]
▲睡眠差（好）
[sleep is poor
(good)]
▲消化不良
[dyspepsia
(have bad digestion)]
▲大（小）便通畅
[stool (urination)
is easy and smooth(unobstructed, clear)]
▲每日
2
次大便
[have
two stools daily]
▲含粘液的水样便
[watery stools
coutaining mucus]
▲便秘（腹泻）
[constipation
(diarrhea)]
▲排尿困难
[difficulty
in micturition]
▲尿频（急）
[frequency(urgency) of
micturition]
▲尿痛
[micturition
pain]
▲少尿（无尿、多尿）
[oliguria
(anuria, polyuria)]
▲大便失禁
[fecal incontinence]
▲小便失禁
[incontinence of urine]
▲精神不振
[lassitude]
▲精神紧张（抑郁）
[mental stress
(depression)]
▲精神混乱
[confusion]
▲精神失常
[amentia (mental state
is bad)]
▲精神状态正常
[orthophrenia (mental
state is good)]
▲体力旺盛（不足，正常）
[hypersthenia
(hyposthenia, euthesia)]
第四章
过去史、系统回顾和个人史
（
Past history, systems
review and personal history
）
1
、过去史
[past
history]
?
无药物（食物）过敏史
[no
past history of allergy to drugs (food )]
?
有青霉素过敏史
[have
allergic history of pencillin]
?
有肺结核接触史
[there
was contact histoy of lung tuberculosis]
?
2000
年
6
< br>月因急性阑尾切除术
[Appendectomy was done in
June, 2000 due to acute appendicitis]
?
健康状况佳（差）
[health
state was good (bad)]
?
既往体健
[be well
(healthy) before]
?
否认既往心、肺疾病史
[deny
any history of prior heart and lung disease]
?
10
岁时（
20
年前）曾患过……
[suffered
from
……
at age 10(20 years
ago)]
?
易患……
[be
liable (subjuct, apt) to
……
]
?
不详
[not in detail
(not quite clear)]
?
外伤史
[rtauma
history]
?
预防接种史
[history of
preventive inoculation]
2
、系统回顾
[system
review]
?
呼吸系统：咳嗽、咳痰、呼吸困难、胸痛、
盗汗、发热
[respiratory
system:
cough,
sputum,
short
of
breath,
chest pain, night sweeting, fever.]
?
循环系统：
心悸、
胸痛、
气促、
咳嗽和咯血、
水肿、
晕厥、
头晕
[Circulatory
system:
palpitation,
chest
pain,
short
of breath, cough and hemoptysis, edema, syncope,
dizziness.]
?
消化系统：嗳气、返酸、腹胀、腹
痛、腹泻、恶心和呕吐
[alimentary
system:
belching,
sour
regurgitation,
abdominal distension, abd. pain,
diarrhea, nausea and vomiting.]
?
泌尿系统：
排尿困难、
尿频和尿急、
尿痛、
腹痛、
水肿
[urin
ary
system:
difficulty
in
micturition,
frequency
and rugency of
micturition, painful micturition, abdominal pain,
edema.]
?
造血系统：乏力、头晕、心悸、出血
[hematopoietic
system:fatigue,
dizziness,
palpitation,
bleeding.]
?
内分泌系统
：心悸、怕热、多汗、烦渴、水肿、手抖、消瘦和肥胖
[endocrine
system: palpitation, heat
intolerance,
excessive sweeting, polydipsia, edema, hand
tremble, wasting and obesity.]
?
神经系统：头痛、晕厥、头晕和眩晕、失眠、偏瘫、失语
[nervous
system: headache, coma, dizziness and
vertigo, insomnia, hemiplegia,
aphasia.]
?
运动系统：关节痛、麻木、跛行、瘫痪
[motor system: joint pain, numbness,
claudication, paralysis.]
3
、个人史
[personal
history]
?
出生于（出生地）
[was
born in (birthplace)]
?
出生后一直生活
[have
lived in
……
(there) since
birth]
?
曾（未曾）去过北方
[have
(deny having) been to the north]
?
受教育程度（文盲、小学、中学、大学）
[educational
level (illiterate, primary, middle, high grade)]
?
业余爱好
[hobby (be
fond of, be keen of, interest)]
?
从事……职业
[be
engaged in]
?
卫生习惯和嗜好
[health
habit and special addiction]
?
不洁性交（性行为）史
[history of unclean coitus
(sexual behavior)]
?
不吸烟
[ no
smoking(not a smoker)]
?
吸烟
20
年，每天
2
包
[have smoked two packages of cigarette
a day for 20 years]
?
戒烟
[give up
(stop) smoking]
?
戒烟
[smoking
abstinence (withdrawal)]
?
不饮酒
[no alcohol
use]
?
偶而少量饮酒
[drink
little liquor occasionally]
?
过度饮酒
[drink
heavily (too much)]
?
每天饮酒
0.5
公斤
[drink (imbibe)
about 0.5 kilogram a day]
?
酒精性饮料
[alcoholic
beverage]
?
偏食
[food
preference (particular with food)]
?
无偏食
[no likes or
dislikes in food]
?
偏爱……
[have
partiality for (showe favoritism to, be partial
to, like)]
第五章
月经、婚姻、生育史和家族史
Menstrual, marrital and childbearing
history and family history]
1
、月经史
[menstrual
history]
?
初潮年龄
[age of
menarche]
?
月经周期
[menstrual
cycle]
?
行经期
[menstrual
period]
?
未次月经时间
[last
menstrual period (LMP)]
?
闭经年龄
[age of
menostasis]
?
白带过多
[profuse
leukorrhea (whites)]
?
月经过多
[menorrhagia
(hypermenorrhea, menometrorrhagia)]
?
月经过少
[hypomenorrhea
(scantymenstruation)]
?
月经过频<
/p>
[polymenorrhea]
?
月
经稀发
[oligomenorrhea]
?
月经不调
[menoxenia
(irregular menses, menstrual disorder)]
?
月经正常
[eumenorrhea
(regular menses)]
?
经前水肿（疼痛）<
/p>
[premenstrual edema (pain)]
?
经量少（中、大）量
[mild
(moderate, heavy) meustrual blood]
?
痛经
[dysmenorrhea
(pain during the flow)]
?
36<
/p>
岁就停经了
[pass the menopause at
age 36]
2
、婚姻史
[marrital
history]
?
未婚（已婚）
[single
(married)]
?
结婚年龄
[age of
wedding]
?
配偶的健康状况
[health
status of partner (spouse)]
?
性生活和谐（不和谐）
[sexual life is harmonious
(disorder)]
?
夫妻关系和睦（不和睦）
[relation of husband and wife is amicable
(hostile)]
?
近亲（非近亲）结婚
[consanguineous (nonconsanguineous) marriage]
3
、生育史
[childbearin
g history]
?
妊娠（生育）次数和年龄
[times and age of pregnancy (childbearing)]
?
怀孕和生产次数
[pregnanc
ies and labors]
?
人工（自然）流产次数
[times
of induced (spontaneous) abortion (miscarriage)]
?
流产
[miscarriage(abortion)]
?
死胎（产）
[dead fetus
(birth)]
?
割腹产
[caesarean
birth (be born by caesarean section)]
?
子女数
[number of
children]
?
早产（儿）
[premature
birth (bady)]
?
足月产
[term labor]
?
产褥热（感染）
[puerpera
l fever (infection)]
?
计划生育
[family
planning (birth control)]
?
用
避孕环
（药、
油膏、
套、
栓）
避孕
[contraception
by
intrauterine
ring
(contraceptives,
ointment,
condom,
supposity)]
?
节育手术
[contraceptive operation]
?
自然分娩
[be
delivered normally and spontaneously(spontaneous
labor)]
?
产钳分免
[forceps
delivery(be delivered by forceps)
?
产前（后）子痫
[antepartum(postpartum)
eclampsia]
?
出生时
3.
5
公斤重，
48
厘米高
[3.5 kilograms and 48cm in height at birth]
?
母乳喂养
[breast
feeding (be fed at breast)]
?
人工喂养
[artificial
feeding]
?
发育正常
[normal
development]
?
发育异常
(
停顿、缺陷、畸形
)[developmental
anomaly(arrest,defect,deformity)]
?
发育迟缓（过渡）
[hypoevolutism(hypergene
sis)]
4
、家庭史
[family
history]
?
父母（兄弟，姐妹和儿女）的健康状况和
疾病情况
[health status and illness
of parents (brothers,sisters and
children)]
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
同样疾病
[the same sickness]
遗传疾病
[heredopathia (genetic
disease)]
遗传特征
[hereditary
feature]
死因
[cause of death]
健康
[be healthy (be in good
healthy)]
健在
[be living and
well]
无……家族史
[no family
history of
……
]
死于……
[die
of
……
]
第六章
体检（一般项目）
[Physical
examination(general items)]
?
视诊
[inspection]
?
触诊
[palpation]
?
叩诊
[percussion]
?
听诊
[auscultation]
?
嗅诊
[olfactory
examination]
?
浅（深）触诊法
[light
(deep) palpation]
?
深部滑行（深压，双
手，冲击）触诊法
[deep slipping (deep
press,bimanual,ballottement]
?
间接（直接）叩诊
[indirect (direct)
percussion]
?
叩诊音（过清音，清音，浊音，鼓
音，实音）
[percussion sound
(hype
rresonance,resonance,dullness,tympany,flatness)]
?
用钟（膜）型胸件听诊
[with
the bell (diaphragmatic) chestpiece ]
1
、体温
[temperature,
T]
?
口（腋、肛）温
[oral
(axillary, rectal) temperature]
?
经口（腋、肛）测的温度
[per
mouth (axilla, rectum)]
?
摄氏与
华氏换算
[Centigrade VS Fahrenheit]
℃
=5/9(?H-32)
?H=9/5
℃
+32
℃～
?H
℃～
?H
36.5
～
97.7
38.5
～
101.3
37.0
～
98.6
38.9
～
102.0
37.2
～
99.0
39.0
～
102.2
37.5
～
99.5
39.4
～
103.0
37.8
～
100
40.0
～
104.0
38.0
～
100.4
40.5
～
104.9
38.3
～
101.0
41.0
～
105.8
?
37.5
℃
.orally(99.5?H)[<
/p>
口温摄氏
37.5
度（华氏
99.5
度）
]
2
、脉搏
[pulse, P]
?
脉率
72
次
/
分
[pulse 72 beats
per minute(P 72 bpm)]
?
搏动存在（消失）
[pulse
are present (absent)]
?
速（缓）脉
[fast
(slow) pulse]
?
洪（细丝）脉
[bounding
(small, thready) pulse]
?
水冲脉
[water hammer
pulse]
?
交替脉
[alternating
pulse]
?
奇脉
[paradoxical]
?
二联（三联）脉
[bigemina
l (trigeminal) pulse]
?
重脉
[dicrotic
pulse]
?
间歇脉
[intermittent
pulse]
?
陷落脉
[collapsing]
?
不规则（规则）脉
[irregul
ar(regular) pulse]
3
、呼吸
[respiration,
R]
?
呼吸频率
[respiratory
rate (RR)]
?
呼吸频率
1
9
次
/
分
[R
R 19 beats/min (R 19 bpm)]
?
规则（不规则）呼吸
[regular (irregular)
breathing]
?
呼吸均匀
[eupnea]
?
呼吸急促（缓慢）
[repid
(slow) breathing]
?
呼吸停止（中断）
[pausal
(interrupted) breathing]
?
呼吸骤停
[breath
arrest]
?
深（浅）呼吸
[deep
(superficial) breathing]
?
呼吸困难
[dyspna
(short of breath)]
?
呼吸费力
[labored
breathing]
?
胸（腹）式呼吸
[thoracic
(abdominal) breathing]
?
张口呼吸
[mouth
(buccal) breathing]
?
周期性呼吸
[periodic
respiration]
?
库斯毛氏呼吸
< br>[Kussmaul`s respiration]
?
陈
-
施（潮式）呼吸
[Cheyne
-Stokes (tidal) respiration]
?
间歇呼吸
[Biot`s
breathing]
?
叹息样（胎儿
,
鼾样）呼吸
[sighing (fetal,
stertorous) respiration]
?
口臭
[have foul
(fetid) breath (halitosis)]
?
酮味呼吸
[a smell of
ketone]
?
静息下（活动时）气促
[dyspnea at rest (on exertion)]
?
丙酮（氨臭，蒜臭）味
[acetone (ammoniacal,
alliaceous) odor]
?
肝臭
[hepaticus
fetor]
?
腋臭
[bromidrosis]
4
、血压
[blood
pressure, BP]
?
收缩（舒张）压
[systolic
(diastolic) blood pressure]
?
血压
20/12
千帕（
150/90
毫米汞柱）
[BP 20/12
kPa(150/90mmHg)]
1kPa=7.5mmHg
(1mmHg=0.1333kPa)
?
血压为收缩压
20
，舒张压
12
千
帕
[Bp is 20 over 12 (Bp is 20 systolic
and 12 diastolic)]
?
测量血压
[take
(measure, check ) Bp]
?
坐（卧）位血压
[sitting
(lying) Bp]
?
无创（有创）血压
[non-
invasive (invasive) Bp]
?
脉压
[pulse
pressure]
?
血压测不出
[Bp is
unavailable (unobtained)]
?
左臂（右臂）血压
[Bp in
left (right) arm]
?
双下肢血压
[Bp in both
lower limbs]
?
袖带
[cuff]
5
、体位
[position]
?
主动（被动、强迫）体位
[active
(passive, forced ) position]
?
立（坐、卧）位
[upright
(sitting, dorsal) position]
?
仰卧（俯卧）位
[supine
(prone) position]
?
左（右）侧卧位
[left
(right) lateral (decubitus) position]
?
蜷腿位
[coiled
position]
?
半卧位
[semi-
reclining (semi-recumbent) position]
?
端坐位
[orthopnea
position]
?
胸膝（膝肘）位
[knee-
chest (knee-elbow) position]
?
截石（分娩）位
[dorsosacral (obstetric)
position]
?
角弓反张位
[
opisthotonus position]
?
强迫蹲位
[compulsive
squattin]
?
辗转体位
[alternative
position]
?
头高（低）脚低（高）位
[high
(low) head and low(high) legs]
6
、神志和意识
[consciousness and mind]
?
清醒（半清醒的）
[alert
(semi-conscious)]
?
昏迷（半昏迷）的<
/p>
[comatose (semi-comatose)]
?
无精打采的
[listless]
?
思睡的
[somnolent
(drowsy, sleepy)]
?
昏睡的
[lethargic]
?
焦虑不安的
[anxious
(restless, apprehensive)]
?
激动的
[excited
(irritable)]
?
精神错乱的
[confused]
?
意识障碍
[distrubance
of consciousness]
?
谵妄
[delirium]
?
抽搐
[convulsion]
?
木僵的
[stuporous] <
/p>
?
合作佳（欠佳、差）
[coopera
tion is good (not good enough, bad)]
?
反应迟钝
[have a dull
reaction]
?
有（无）定向力
[be
oriented (disoriented)]
?
朦胧状态
[be in a
mist tent]
?
神志模糊
[blurred
(dim, vague) mind]
?
失去知觉
[loss
consciousness(unconsciousness)]
?
对疼痛刺激的反应
[reaction to painful
stimuli]
7
、面容
[facial
features]
?
呈急（慢）性面容
[be in
acute (chronic) distress]
?
病然面容
[critical
facies]
?
濒死面容
[hippocratic
facies]
?
苦笑面容
[sardonic
facies]
?
表情不安
[anxious (distressing) expression]
?
神情憔悴
[ haggard
expression]
?
贫血（肾病、肝病）面容
[anemic (nephrotic, hepatic) facies]
?
二尖瓣（伤寒）面容
[mitral
(typhoid) facies]
?
满月（面具）面容
[moon
(masked) facies]
?
肢端肥大症面容
[acromegaly facies]
?
甲亢（粘液性水肿）面容
[hyperthyroid (myxedema)
facies]
?
老年貌
[senile
feature]
?
颜面潮红（苍白）
[reddy
(pale) facies]
?
面色红润
[florid
facies]
8
、发育
[development]
?
身高
[body height
(length)]
?
身材（高大、矮小）
< br>[stature (tall, dwarf)]
?
体格（强壮、脆弱）
[physique (strong, weak)]
?
青春期
[adolescent
spurt]
?
体型
[habitus]
▲无力（乏力、超力）型
[asthenic (ortho-
sthenic, sthenic) type]
▲巨人症（重体侏儒症、奄人症）
[gigantism
(pituitary dwarfism, eunuochism)]
▲运动员体型
[athletic type]
▲矮胖（瘦长）型
[stocky (lanky)
type]
?
一位发育良好（中等）的病人
[a
well (middle)-developed patient]
?
发育不良（异常）
[hypoplasia (dysplasia)]
?
身高
171
厘米
[177cm in height]
9
、营养
[nutrition]
?
营养良好（中等、不良）
[well
(middle, under)-nourished]
?
良好、不良，中等
[well
(poorly, fairly)]
?
肥胖
[obesity
(overweight,fat)]
?
消瘦
[emaciation
(underweight, thin, lean)]
?
恶液质
[cachexia]
?
水牛背
[buffalo
hump]
10
、姿势与步态
[posture
and gait]
?
共济失调步态
[ataxic
(incoordination) gait]
?
剪刀步态
[scissors
gait]
?
慌张步态
[festinating
gait]
?
跨域步态
[steppage
gait]
?
摇摆步态
[swaying
gait]
?
蹒跚步态
[reeling
(staggering, waddling) gait]
?
闭目难立征
[Romberg`s
sign]
?
间歇性跛行
[inte
rmittent claudication]
11
、皮肤与粘膜
[skin and
mucosa]
▲颜色
[color]