-
一、外刊阅读做七选五
Ethanol
（
ethyl
alcohol
）（乙醇）
Ethanol, also called alcohol, ethyl
alcohol and grain alcohol, is a clear, colorless
liquid
and
the
principle
ingredient
in
alcoholic
beverages
like
beer,
wine
or
brandy.
_______1__________
Personal Care Products
________2__________It
acts
as
an
astringent
to
help
clean
skin,
in
lotions
as
a preservative and
to
help
ensure
that
lotion
ingredients
do
not
separate,
and
in
hairsprays to help the
spray adhere to hair.
Household Products
As an additive to cleaning products,
ethanol is also used as a preservative because it
is effective in knocking out organisms
that could pose a danger to consumers.
________3_______
As
a
food
additive,
ethanol
can
help
evenly
distribute
food
coloring,
as
well
as
enhance
the flavor of food
extracts.________4__________
In the United States, the
1
Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) only allows vanilla to be
called “extract” when
it has an alcohol
or ethanol base.
Fuel
________5__________Ethanol has a higher
octane number than gasoline, providing
premium blending properties, according
to the U.S. Department of Energy. Minimum
octane number requirements prevent
engine knocking and maintain drivability.
to make Ethanol?
e it can readily dissolve in water and
other organic compounds, ethanol also
is
an
ingredient
in
a
range
of
products,
from
personal
care
and
beauty
products
to
paints and varnishes to
fuel
Additives
l
is
a
common
ingredient(
成分
)
in
many
cosmetics(
化妆品
)and
beauty
products(
美容产品
).
Information
example, vanilla
extract
（
香草精）
, a
common food flavoring, is made by curing
and processing vanilla
beans
（香草豆）
in a
solution of ethanol and water.
than 97 percent of U.S.
gasoline
contains ethanol is
made up of 10 percent
ethanol and 90 percent gasoline, to
oxygenate the fuel and reduce air pollution.
二、参考答案
：
BDCFG
三、核心词汇
：
t
n.
[?ekstr?kt]
摘录
;
提取物
;
浓缩物
2
v.[
?k?str?kt]
提取
;
提炼
;
索取
例句：
(1)
Doctors tried
to
extract
the strain from
the suspected patients to confirm them.
医生试图从疑似病人身上提取菌株以证实他们。
(2)
The following
articles are
extracts
from
editorials.(2011
徐汇金山二模）
以下文章摘自社论。
(3)
More
petroleum is
extracted
from
the sea than from land.
从海上开采的石油比从陆地开采的
多。
(2014
吴淞中学高三上联考
2
）
2.
进义辨析
quotation / citation / extract
(
引文，引语
)
quotation n.
引文，引语
指引自书籍、演讲、戏剧
等的短语或句子，通常内容有趣或有用。
He
finished his speech with a quotation from
Shakespeare.
他讲话结束时引用了莎士比亚的名言。
citation n.
引文，引语
指引自书籍、演讲等的话，通常标明出处、作者等信息。
There were dozens of citations from the
works of Goethe in her essay.
她的文章多处引用了歌德的作品。
extract n.
摘录，选段
指从书籍、文章、音乐等中节选的片段，通常篇幅较长。
He only found short extracts from the
film.
他只找到了那部电影的一些小片段。
3
3.
词根词缀
tract= to draw
拉
,
拖
(1)
abstract v.
提炼
abs
离去
+ tract
拉，拖
→
拉出
→
提炼
(2)
abstract adj.
抽象的
abstract n.
抽象派艺术作品；摘要
(3)
attract v.
吸引
at
加强
+ tract
拉，拖
→
不断拉
→
吸引
(4)
contract n.
契约
v.
收缩
con
加强
+ tract
拉，拖
→
共同拉〔回去〕
→
收缩
(5)
detract v.
降低；贬损
de
向下
+ tract
拉，拖
→
向下拉
→
降低
(6)
distract v.
分散；使混乱
dis
分离
+ tract
拉，拖
→
被拉开
→
分散
(7)
extract v.
抽出；提炼出
ex
出
+
tract
拉，拖
→
拉出来
→
提炼出
(8)
protract v.
延长
pro
向前
+ tract
拉，拖
→
向前拉
→
延长
(9)
retract v.
退缩；缩进
re
向后
+ tract
拉，拖
→
向后拉
→
退缩；缩进
(10)
subtract v.
减去；扣除
sub
下
+ tract
拉，拖
→
拉下去
→
减去
(11)
tract n.
一片土地；地带（拉长的一片地）
(12)
tractor n.
拖拉机
tract
拉，拖
+ or
表名词
→
拖拉机
4
四、原文翻译
Ethanol
（
ethyl
alcohol
）
乙醇（乙醇）
Ethanol,
also
called
alcohol,
ethyl
alcohol
and
grain
alcohol,
is
a
clear,
colorless
liquid and the principle ingredient in
alcoholic beverages like beer, wine or brandy.
Because it can readily dissolve in
water and other organic compounds, ethanol also is
an ingredient in a range of products,
from personal care and beauty products to paints
and varnishes to fuel.
乙醇，又称
酒精、乙醇和谷类酒精，是一种清澈无色的液体，是啤酒、葡萄酒或
白兰地等酒精饮料的
主要成分。
因为乙醇很容易溶于水和其他有机化合物，
所以
它也是一系列产品的成分，从个人护理和美容产品到油漆和清漆，再到燃料。
What is Ethanol?
什么是乙醇？
Ethanol is
a natural byproduct of plant
fermentation
（发酵）
and also can
be produced
through the hydration of
ethylene.
乙醇是植物发酵的天然副产品，也可以通过乙烯的水合作用产生。
Personal Care Products
个人护理产品
Ethanol is
a common ingredient in many cosmetics and beauty
products. It acts as an
astringent to
help clean skin, in lotions as a preservative and
to help ensure that lotion
ingredients
do not separate, and in hairsprays to help the
spray adhere to hair.
Because ethanol
is effective in killing microorganisms like
bacteria, fungi and viruses,
it
is
a
common
ingredient
in
many
hand
sanitizers(
洗手液
).
The
U.S.
Centers
for
Disease
Control
and
Prevention
(CDC) recommends
the
use
of
hand
sanitizers
in
situations where soap and
water are not available.
乙醇
是许多化妆品和美容产品中的常见成分。
它可以起到收敛剂的作用，
帮助清
洁皮肤，
在乳液中起到防腐剂的作用，
并帮助确保乳液成分不会分离，
在发胶中
帮助喷雾粘
附在头发上。
5
因为乙醇能有效杀死细菌、
真菌和病毒等微生物，
所以它是许多洗手液中的常见
< br>成分。
美国疾病控制和预防中心
（
CDC
）
建议在没有肥皂和水的情况下使用洗手
液。
Household Products
家用产品
Ethanol
mixes
easily
with
water
and
many
organic
compounds,
and
makes
an
effective solvent for use in paints,
lacquers and varnish, as well as personal care and
household cleaning products. As an
additive to cleaning products, ethanol is also
used
as a preservative because it is
effective in knocking out organisms that could
pose a
danger to consumers.
乙醇很容易与水和许多有机化合物混合，
成为油漆、
油漆和清漆
以及个人护理和
家用清洁产品的有效溶剂。
作为清洁产品的添加
剂，
乙醇也被用作防腐剂，
因为
它能有
效地清除可能对消费者造成危险的有机体。
Food
Additives
食品添加剂
As
a
food
additive,
ethanol
can
help
evenly
distribute
food
coloring,
as
well
as
enhance the flavor of
food extracts. For example, vanilla
extract
（
香草精）
, a
common
food flavoring, is made by
curing and processing vanilla
beans
（
香草豆）
in a solution
of ethanol and
water. In the United States, the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA)
only allows
vanill
a to be called “extract” when it
has an alcohol or ethanol base.
乙醇作为一种食品添加剂，
有助于均匀分布食品色素，
并增强食品提取物的风味。
例如，
香草精，
一种常见的食品调味品，
是通过在乙醇和水的溶液中烘烤和加工
香草豆制成的。在美国，食品和药物管理局（
FDA
）只允
许香草被称为
“
提取物
”
时，它有酒精或乙醇的基础。
Fuel
燃料
More
than 97
percent of
U.S.
gasoline
contains
ethanol
is
made
up
of
10
percent
ethanol
and
90
percent
gasoline,
to
oxygenate
the
fuel
and
reduce
air
pollution.
Ethanol
has
a
higher
octane
number
than
gasoline,
providing
premium
blending
properties,
according
to
the U.S.
Department
of
Energy.
Minimum
octane
number
requirements prevent engine knocking
and maintain drivability.
超过
97%
的美国汽油中含有乙醇，通常是由
10%
乙醇和
90%
汽油组成，用来给
燃料充氧并减少空气污染。据美国能源部（
ment of
Energy
）称，乙醇
6