《瑜伽师地论》目录(中英文对照)

《瑜伽師地論》目录（中英文对照）

瑜伽師地論

Dan Lusthaus and Charles Muller

[py] Yu2qie2 shi1di4 lun4 [wg] Yü

-ch'ieh shih-ti lun [ko]

Yuga saji non [ja] Yuga shiji ron ||| The Yuqie shidi lun;

commonly abbreviated as Yuqielun

瑜伽論

. The

Yogācāra

-

bhūm i

-

?āstra. The

on the Stages of

Concentration Practice.

Yogācāra

瑜伽行派

school of Buddhism. One hundred

fascicles, composed in India between 300 and 350 CE;

translated into Chinese by Xuanzang

玄奘

from July 3,

646 to June 11, 648. In East Asia the putative author is

thought to be Maitreya

彌勒

, but Tibetan tradition

considers it to have been composed by Asa?ga

無著

. In

the process of explaining the spiritual states, practices and

fruits incurred in the course of the seventeen stages

leading to Buddhahood, the text delves deeply into

discussions of fundamental Yogācāra concepts such as

the ālaya

-

vij?āna

阿賴耶識, three natures (trisvabhāva)

三

自性

and three non-

natures (trini?svabhāva)

三無自性

,

seeds (bījā)

種子, perfumation (vāsanā)

熏習

, the two

hindrances (āvara?

a)

二障

and mind only (vij?apti-

mātra,

vij?āna

-

mātra)

唯識

. The text has five major divisions: the

first division, which comprises about half the treatise is

called the

本地分

and contains seventeen sections, each describing one of

the successive seventeen stages, or bhūmis. These are

(as found in Xuanzang's 100 fascicles):[Initial

Phenomenology]

(1) The stage of the five consciousnesses associated with

the body - pa?ca-

vij?āna

-

kāya

-sa?prayukta-

bhūmi

五識身

相應地

. (First fascicle) (2) The stage of mental intent -

mano-

bhūmi

意地

. (fascicles 1-3)

[Dhyāna Levels]

(3) The stage of (initial meditative) investigation and

analysis -

savitarkā

< br>-

savicarā

-

bhūm i)

有尋有伺

. (fascicles

4-

10)Note: Xuanzang includes the next two bhūmis within

the title of

this bhūmi)

(4) The stage of analysis without investigation - avitarka-

savicarā

-

bhūmi

無尋唯伺地

. (5) The stage of neither

investigation nor analysis - av itarka-

avicārā

-

bh ūmi

無尋無

伺地. (6) The stage of samāhita (thought

meditation) -

samāhita

-

bhūmi

三摩呬多地

. (fascicles 11-13)

(7) The stage of non-

samāhita

-

asamāhita

-

bhūmi

非三摩

呬多地

. (fascicle 13) (8) The stage with mind -

sacittaka-

bhūmi

心地

. (fascicle 13) (9) The stage without

mind - acittaka-

bhūmi

無心地

. (fascicle 13)[Hearing,

Thinking, Cultivation]

(10) The stage of actualizing what one has heard (i.e., the

teachings) -

?rutamayī

-

bhūmī

聞所成地

. (fascicles

13-15)This deals with the five fields of knowledge,

pa?ca-

vidyā

五明:1. 'Inner knowledge,' adhyātma

-

vidyā

內

明

(i.e., the truths of Buddhism);2. medicine, cikits

ā

-

vidyā

藥明

; 3. logic, hetu-

vidyā

因明

; 4. grammar and

language, ?abda-

vidyā

聲明

; and 5. the

arts, ?ilpakarma-

vidyā

工巧

.(11) The stage of actualizing

what one has thought (about the teachings) -

cintāmayī

-

bhūmi

思所成地

. (fascicles 16-19)(12) The state

of actualizing what one has practiced -

bhāvanā

-

bhūmi

修

所成地

. (fascicle 20)

[?rāvaka

-

bhūm i]

(13) The stage of the ?rāvaka

-

?rāvaka

-

bhūmi

聲聞地

.

(fascicles 21-34, divided as follows)(13a) The types and

natures of the first Yoga Capacity

初瑜伽處種性地

(fascicle 21) (13b) Interest to Enter the first Yoga Capacity

初瑜伽處趣入地

(fascicle 21) (13c) Going beyond the first

Yoga Capacity

初瑜伽處出離地

(fascicles 22-25) (13d)

The second Yoga Capacity

第二瑜伽處

(fascicles 26-29)

(13e) The third Yoga Capacity

第三瑜伽處

(fascicles

30-32) (13f) The fourth Yoga Capcacity

第四瑜伽處

(fascicles 33-34)

[Pratyekab uddha-

bhūmi]

(14) The stage of the Pratyekabuddha -

pratyekabuddha-

bhūmi

獨覺地

. (fascicle

35 [Bodhisattva-

bhūmi]

(15) The stage of Bodhisattva - bodhisa ttva-

bhūmi

菩薩地

.

(fascicles 35-50) Its subdivisions are:[1st Bodhisattva

Section]

(15a) First taking hold of Yogic Capacities (āyatana)初持瑜

伽處

(fascicles 35-46):(15a.1) Chapter on Their Types and

Natures - gotra

種性品

(fascicle35) (15a.2) Chapter on

(arousing the) Mind (aspiring to Bodhi)

–

prathama-

cittopāda

心品

(fascicle 35) (15a.3) Chapter on

Benefiting Self and Others -

svaparārtha

自他利品

(fascicles 35-36) (15a.4) Chapter on the Realities Referred

to (by these capacities) -

tattvārtha

實真義品

(fascicle 36)

(15a.5) Chapter on Awesome Power -

prabhāva

威力品

(fascicle 37) (15a.6) Chapter on Bodhi

菩提品

(fascicle 38)

(15a.7) Chapter on the Power [affecting] types of Births -

balagotra

力種生

(fascicle 38)[Six Pāramitās](15a.8)

Chapter on Giving (dāna)

施品

(fascicle 39)(15.a.9)

Chapter on Behavioral Discipline (?īla)

戒品

(fascicles

40-42) (1

5a.10) Chapter on Forebearance (k?ānti)

忍品

(fascicle 42) (15a.11) Chapter on Vigor (vīrya)

精進品

(fascicle 42) (15a.12) Chapter on Quieting Mental Anxiety

靜慮品

(15a.13) Chapter on Insight (praj?ā)

慧

(fascicle

43)[1st Bodhisattva Section Miscellania]

(15a.14) Chapter on Select Topics

攝事品

(fascicle 43)

(15a.15) Chapter on Giving Unlimited Offerings to those

near and far

供養親近無量品

(fascicle 44) (15a.16)

Chapter on Divisions of Bodhi

菩提分品

(fascicles 44-46)

Bodhisattva follows good or bad inherent abilities and good

or bad cognitive bases

(15a.17) Chapter on the Qualities (gu?ā?) of a Bodhisattva

菩薩功德品

(fascicle 46)

Ten Basic Qualities (in the pursuit of Unexcelled Complete

Awakening):

1. Inherent Capacity - gotra-stha

種性（

=

姓）

2. Entry -

avatīr?a

入

3. Intention not yet Purified -

a?uddhā?aya

未

凈意

4. Intention Purified -

?uddhā?aya

凈意樂

5. Not yet

Matured - aparipakva

未成熟

6. Already Matured -

paripakva

已成熟

7. Undetermined (i.e., still capable of

backsliding) -

āniyati

-patita

未墮決定

8. Determined (i.e.,

incapable of backsliding) - niyati- patita

已墮決定

9. Bound

to One (more) birth - eka-

jāti

-pratibandha

一生所繫

10.

Final Body - carama-bhavika

最後身

This chapter offers multiple lists of practices for the benefit

of other sentient beings, such as:

1. When the Bodhisattva gives rise to the Thought

(cittotpāda

發心

) vowing to attain Great Bodhi (bodhicitta

大菩提

), he benefits all sentient beings by giving rise to an

Equalizing Mind.2. Bodhisattva's mind sympathizes (with

the suffering) of all sentient beings equally.3. Bodhisattva's

mind loves all sentient beings as if each were his only

son.4. Knowing the dispositions of one sentient being, he

knows all, helping all.5. Benefitting one sentient being, he

benefits all equally.

There are ten types of āyatanas (meditative capacities):

1. Capacity to fully d

etach from bad sa?skāras

遠離惡行處

2. Capacity to fully detach from desires

遠離諸欲處

3.

Capacity to become fully engrossed without transgression

專精無犯，犯已能出處

4. Capacity to secretly guard all the

sensory faculties

密護一切諸根門處

5. Capacity to abide in

correct knowledge

正知住處

6. Capacity to detach from

troubles and anxieties

離憒鬧處

7. Capacity to fully detach,

detaching from all bad meditative reflections

於遠離處，遠

離惡尋思處

8. Capacity to fully detach from obstacles

遠離

障處

9. Capacity to fully detach from being wrapped up in

kle?a (mental disturbances)

遠離一切煩惱纏處

10.

Capacity to fully detach from all kle?as and the crude

barriers (dau??ulya)

遠離一切諸煩惱品諸麤重處

In this chapter Asa?ga also offers a numerical list of

'truths':

1. One truth, without a second.2. Two Truths, vyavahāra

and paramārtha3. Three

Truths: characteristic, language

and function

相諦，

語 諦，

用諦

4. Four Noble Truths5. Five

Truths: truth of cause, truth of effect, truth of wisdom, truth

of a sense-object, best truth (hetu

因諦，

果諦，

praj?ā

智諦，

vi?aya

境諦，勝諦

); Etc., (up to Ten truths). [2nd

Bodhisattva Section](15b) Second, Taking Hold of Yogic

Capacities by Following the Dharma (fascicles 47-48)

第二

持隨法瑜伽處

(15b.1) Chapter on Characteristics of a Bodhisattva -

bodhisattva- lak?a?a

菩薩相品

(fascicle 47)(15b.2) Chapter