人教版高中英语【必修二】[语法讲解

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人教版高中英语必修二

知识点梳理

重点题型（

常考知识点

）巩固练习

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

概念引入：

He

is

a

person

who

never

gives

up.

他是个永远不服输的人。

I

found

him

in

the

woods,

where

has

a

well-known

tree.

(

我是在树林里找到他的，那里有一棵很有名的树。

)

Our

guide,(who

was

a

Frenchman,

)

was

an

excellent

cook.

我们的导游是个很优秀的厨师，他是个法国人

She

was

not

on

the

train

which

arrived

just

now

。

她没在刚刚到达的那辆车上

语法点拨

什么是定语从句？

修饰主语、宾语、 表语的句子就叫做定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有：

关系代词：

who,

whom,

whose,

which,

that

关系副词：

when,

where,

why

我们把下面两个句子组合成一个复合句：

1.

This

is

our

school.

It

is

beautiful.

→

This

is

our

school

which

is

beautiful

.

2.

This

is

our

school.

W

e

study

in

our

school.

→

This

is

our

school

which

we

study

in.

→

This

is

our

school

in

which

we

study

.

→

This

is

our

school

where

we

study

.

3.

Do

you

know

the

r

oom?

It

is

made

of

amber

.

→

Do

you

know

the

room

which

is

made

of

amber?

4.

I

have

read

the

newspaper

.

It

carries

the

important

news.

→

I

have

r

ead

the

newsp

aper

which

carries

the

important

news.

从上述定语从句的组合我们可以看出：

先行词和关系词的关系：关系代词实际上是先行词的复指；关系词

whose

实际上是先行词

的所有格。

1.

A

plane

is

a

machine

t

hat

can

fly.

the

machine

=

that

2.

The

boy

who

brok

e

the

window

is

called

Wangkai.

the

boy

=who

3.

The

boy

whose

p

arents

are

working

outside

was

b

r

oug

ht

up

by

his

grandfather

.

the

boy’s

=whose

【高一英语语法（二）定语从句（二）

356521

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句】

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限制性和非限制性定语从句：

?

什么是限制性定语从句？

?

Anyone

should

be

punished.

?

Anyone

who

breaks

the

rules

should

be

punished.

?

也就是说，如果一个句子去掉定语 从句后，主句的意思不是所要表明的意思，那么

这个定语从句就是限制性定语从句。

什么是非限制性定语从句？

?

就是不用限制先行词的定语从句。 译成汉语时，主句和从句可以分别翻译，互不影

响。最大的特点就是先行词后面有逗号隔开。

?

She

is

good

at

speaking

French,

which

she

learned

at

school.

?

This

b

ook

was

written

by

Jack,

who

was

here

a

moment

ago.

?

I

have

some

friends,

some

of

whom

are

teachers.

?

非限制性定语从句的连接词可以用

who,

whom

或

whose,

which

。

不用

that

，也不能

省略。

?

She

had

eight

children,

three

of

whom

became

soldiers.

?

Their

teacher

is

a

Japanese,

whose

wife

is

a

Chinese.

?

My

sister

,

who

is

a

nurse,

got

married

last

month.

?

China

has

hundr

< br>ed

s

of

islands,

the

largest

of

which

is

T

aiwan.

?

非限制性定语从句还可以用

when

或

where

引起。

?

She

is

going

to

Shanghai,

where

she

was

born.

?

W

e

will

go

home

next

week,

when

we

won

’

t

be

so

busy

.a

?

除了前面提到的那些连接词以外，在下面两种情况下还可以用

as

作为定语从句的连

接词。

1.

当先行词在从句中做主语或者宾语的时候，同时先行词又被

< /p>

same

、

so

或者

such

修饰的时

候。

?

< /p>

非限制性定语从句除了可以修饰词以外

,

还可以修饰前面整个句子。

?

They

invited

me

to

their

party

,

which

is

very

kind

of

them.

?

I

was

late

for

school

again,

which

made

my

teacher

very

angry

.

?

A

studen

t

killed

his

English

teacher

,

which

frightened

me

very

much.

?

Such

people

as

you

said

are

not

good

.

?

Let

’

s

discuss

only

such

questions

as

are

interesting

to

all

of

us.

?

I

have

the

same

trouble

as

you

have.

?

I

feel

just

the

same

as

you

do.

?

He

is

so

good

a

teacher

as

I

like

very

much.

?

Those

are

so

difficult

the

questions

as

he

asked.

2.

在非限定性定语从句中，

as

和

which

可代整个主句，相当于

and

this

或

and

that

。

as

一般

放在句首，

which

在句中。

?

As

we

know

,

smoking

is

harmful

to

one

'

s

health.

?

Smoking

is

harmful

to

one

’

s

health,

which

is

known

to

all.

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别：

上述定语从句都是我们已经学过的限制性定语从句。所谓限制性定语从句，是指定语从

< br>

句部分对先行词起限制、修饰的作用，关系代词有

that,

which,

whom,

who,

whose

以及关系

副词

when,

where,

why

等，没有逗号把从句与先行词 分开。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺

少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确。

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Do

you

know

the

professor

who

is

speaking

at

the

meeting?

你认识那个正在会上讲话的教授吗？

Where

is

the

b

ook

which

I

bought

this

morning?

我今天上午买的书在哪儿呢？

此外， 还有一类非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也

不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。用法其实与限制性定语从句极为