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初中英语时态讲解与专练
一、一般现在时
1.
表示经常习惯的动作
（
频率词
）
It often snows
here. He gets up at 6 every day.
2.
表示主语现在的特征或状态
He loves sports. We are in the same
class.
3.
表示永恒不变的真理和事实或格言警句
Knowledge is power. The sun rises in
the east.
特殊用法：
1.
按计划
（
时间表
/
时刻表
/
日程表
）
将要发生，句中有时有将来的时间状语，
但不用
将来时
,
要用一般现在时
1.
_______________________________________
Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight
4026
_
__________
____________________________________________ off
at 8:20.
（
06
四川
）
A.
takes
2.
B. took
C. will be taken D. has
taken
at three this afterno
on.
（
leave
）
2. _____________
T
he train
来
状语从句“主将从现”
?
时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中用现在时表示将
“主将从现
”
if/when/until/as soon
as/though...
二、一般过去时
1.
表在过去发生的和现在没有联系的动作或状态
明示
:yesterday,
ago, last
?
, just
now, in 1990
暗示
:when I was a little girl,
when he put on his coat
2.
描述过去的情况
言外之意
:
只有过去如此
现在并非如此
Edward,
you play so well. But I __ you played the piano. <
/p>
（
2009
全国
I
）
（
A
）
A. didn't know
B. hadn't known
C. don't
know
D. haven't known
三、一般将来时
1.
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态
I
'
ll return you the book
next week.S he
'
ll be twenty
years old next year.
2.
表示一种倾向或习惯动作
We
'
ll die
without air or water.
Whenever I
'
m in trouble, he
'
ll come to help
me.
表示将来时的两种形式
①
will /shall +
动词原形（单纯的将来
/
说话时的临时决定）
②
be going to
do
（
客观计划
）
注意：
be about to
do
即
（
将
/
马上要做某事
）
1
）
be
going to
表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事情，而
will
表示谈话时临时
决定的意
图，具有临时性和偶然性。
—
Kate is in
hospital.
—
Oh,
really? I _____________ . ___________ visit
her.
（
A
）
A.
didn
'
t know; I
'
ll go and B. don
'
t know; I
'
ll go and
C. don
'
t know; I
'
m going to D. didn
'
t know; I
'
m going to
---Alice, why didn
'
t you come yesterday-?--I __, but I had
an unexpected visitor.
A.
had B. would C. was going to D. did
2
）
be
going to
可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。而
will
不能表示
Look at the clouds!
It
'
s
going to
rain.
3
）
be
about to do =be on the point of doing
表示说话时就要发生的动作，不与表
示将来的
时间状语连用。
1
常构成句型：
?
be about to do
?
when
?
.
when
并列连词
就在这时
I was about
to leave when it rained.
4
）
某些瞬间动词
“
go, come, arrive ,leave
,start, begin, fly, take
”等用现在进行时表
示将要发
生的动作。
I
'
ve won a
holiday for two to Floria. I _________ my mum.
（
A
）
A.
am taking
B. have taken C. take D. will
have been
5
）
一般现在时表示将来，特别用于车、船、飞机等时刻表中安排好的。
The plane leaves
tomorrow.
尽
（
管有
tomorrow,
但没有
will ,be
going to
）
四、现在进行时
1.
此刻正在进行的动作
（
look, listen,
now
）
We are having an
English lesson now.
2.
短期内持
续的动作
（
当时不一定在进行
）
I
'
m preparing for the test these
months.
3.
与
always,
usually, all the time, forever, continually,
constantly
连用，表示某种情
绪
, You
are always forgetting the important
things.
特殊用法：
1.
现在进行时可以表示一般将来时，常用于下列动词：
go ,come, leave, begin,
arrive ,return, fly,
drive
，
take
等。
We
'
re moving to the new building next
week.
2.
表示“存在
,
所有
,
知觉
,
认识
,
感情”等状态的词一般不用于进行时态
存在：
keep ,stay ,
remain , be, consist of , contain
所有：
have ,belong
to , possess, own , hold
知觉：
sound
（
听
起来
）
, look /seem
/appear
看
（
起来
）
,
sme
ll
（
闻起来
）
,
taste
（
尝起来
）
,feel
（
摸起来
）
, see ,hear
认识：
understand,
know, suppose, remember, admit, forget,
believe, think
情感：
like, love, hate , prefer,
3.
表示委婉意义
某些动词，如
hope
，
want
，
wonder
等与进行时连用时，常探询式地表示一种
愿望或态
度。此用法在语言上
显得含蓄、委婉，如果改用现在时，则显得不那
么隐讳且稍欠礼貌。
I'm
hoping to borrow some
money
我
.
希望借些钱。
I was
wondering if you could help me.
不知道你能否帮助我。
五、过去进行时
1
、在过去某一时间点
/
某一时间段正在进行的动作
标志词：
at that time
/ moment / at this
time
yesterday
2
、过去进行时
（
作背景
）
+
一般过去时
I __ along the street looking for a
place to park when the
accident_
（
_.
C
）
, was
occurring
C. was going,
occurred
B. went, occurred
D. was going, had occurred
六、现在完成时
1.
过去的动作对现在产生直接影响
Why does the Lake smell terrible?
Because large
quantities of water __.
（
0
福
9
建
）
A. have polluted B. is being polluted
（
D
）
C.
has been polluted D. have been polluted
2
2.
始于过去并持续到现在的动作
(+
时间段
)
标志词：
since, so far, in the past years, in
the recent yea
从
rs:
过去到现在的几年
__
David and
Vicky __ married?
------------------
For about three
years. (2003
北京
)
(
C
)
B. How long have
?
got
A. How long were
?
being
D. How long did
?
get
C. How long have
?
been It/This is
the ... time that +
现在完成时
一般过
It/This was the ... time
that +
过去完成时
现在完成时不可以
去时可以和明确过去时间搭配
七、过去完成时
1
在过去之前发生的动作
“过去的过去
”
by the end of
+
过去时间
/be the
time +
从句
(
用一般过去时
),
其主句用过去完成时
The film
had already begun
when I got there./They had left before I
returned./ We had finished the work
by
last month( by the time he came.)
2
表示由过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一个时间的动
作或状态
I had been at the bus
stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally
came.
最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配
一般过去时
一般现在时
一般将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
yesterday(afternoon), last week, an
hour ago, the other day, in 198
2,
just now,
today, this week etc.
频度
?
,on/at/over weekends, once
a week
next year, tomorrow,
in the future,before long etc.
now,right now, at present,at this
moment, these days
this
morning, the whole morning, all day, this time
yesterday, from
9 to 10 last
evening
?
when,
while, ethtce.n
for, since,
so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to
now, in the
past years, always,
recently, before etc.
by the
time, until, when, after, since, (long) before
etc.
过去完成时
单项选择
( ) 1.
Father usually _________ his newspaper after
dinner.
A. read B. reads C.
reading D. is reading
( ) 2.
The Blacks often
_
___________ to the cinema
on Saturday evenings.
A. go
B. goes C. is going D. are going
( ) ! The boy
_
_________ with his mother
in the pool.
A. is swimming
B. is swimming C. are swimming D. are
swiming
( ) 4.--- What is
Tom doing in the classroom?
--- He
______ something on the
blackboard.
A.
draws B. draw C. is drawing D. are
drawing.
( ) Tom usually
__________ up at six and _______
sports in the
garden.
A. gets, dos B.
gets, does C. get, does D. gets, do
( ) 6. It
'
s ten
o
'
clock and Jack __
仍
__
然
__)
s_t_il_l(___ his homework.
A. is, do B. is, doing C. are, do D.
are, doing
( ) 7. The
waiters __________ to work at five every
morning.
A. start B. starts
C. starting D. are starting
( ) 8.I
_
_________
a letter, so I can
'
t go out with you.
3
A.
is writing B. am writing
C. am writing D. am writing
( )9.A hundred days
_
________
quite a long time.
A. is B. are C. have
D.
has
( )10. -- ________ late
for the meeting next time.
–
Sorry, I won
'
t.
A. Don
'
t B. Don
'
t be C. Won
'
t be
D. Be not
( )11. Her hope
___________ the 2008 Olympic Games.
A. to take part in B. is to take part
in C. taking part in D. will take part in ( )12.
--- Can I go to
Beijing for my holiday,
Dad? --- You can when you
_
________________________________ a
bit older.
A.
will get B. get
C. are getting
D. got
( )13. If he _______
h
arder, he will catch up
with us soon.
A. study B. studies C.
will study ( )14. --- Don
'
t
D. studied
forget to ask him
to write to me.
--- I won
'
t. As soon as he
I
'
ll ask him to write to
you.
A. will come
B. came C.
comes
D. is coming
( )15.
--- Jimmy is leaving for a holiday. ---
Really? Where
_
________
he
______ ?
A.
has; gone B. will; go C. did; go
D.
would; go
( )16. Frank _______
to see his grandma if he
free tomorrow.
A. will come;
will be
B. comes; is
C.
will come; is
D. comes; will
be
( )17. There
_
___________
a talk on science in our school next
Monday.
A. will give B. will
be C. is going to give D. is ( )18. --- Shall we
go shopping now?
--- Sorry,
I can
'
t. I
_
_________ my
shirts.
A. wash B. washes C.
washed
D. am washing
( )19. I believe that those mountains
___________ with trees in a few years
A. are covered B. will be covered
C. are covering
D. will
cover
( )20. It is said that
about 400 cars ___________ in the factory next
month.
were produced B. will
produce C. are produced D. will be produced ( )2.
The mother
asked the boy
_<
/p>
____________________________ down the
ladder, but he went on
_
________
instead.
A. come;
climbing
B. to come; to
climb
C. to come; climbing
D. coming; climbing
( )22. The teacher asked the students
to close the windows
_
____________
the wind from
_________
the papers away.
A. to stop; blowing
B.
stopping; blowing
C. to
stop; blow D. stopped; blow ( )23. The sick man
stayed in bed,
very
terrible.
A. felt
B. feeling C. is feeling D. was
feeling
( )24. Yesterday I
heard a story
____________ by my
friend.
A. told
B. telling C. to tell
D.
tell
( )25. The boy was made
____________
there for an
hour by his father.
A.
standing
B. stand
C. to
stand D. stands
( )26. I saw
him
_
___________
into the small
store.
A. went
B.
going
C. to go
D. has
gone
( )27. He raised his
voice to make everybody in the room
_
__________ him
clearly.
4
time.
A. hear
B. to hear
C. hearing
D.
heard
( )28. Our geography
teacher told us yesterday that the earth
____________ around the
sun.
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