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作者:高考题库网
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2021-02-11 20:38
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2021年2月11日发(作者:爱护公共财物)


名词解释:



中国传统节日:


traditional Chinese festivals


公历


(


阳历


)



Gregorian calendar


灵丹妙药:


elixir


《易经》




“The Book of Change”



文人



literary figures


品种繁多的菊花


diversified species of chrysanthemum


团圆饭


a family reunion dinner


中华神话:


Chinese Mythology (Myth)


盘古开天地:


Pangu makes the world.


女娲补天:



wa patches up the sky.


三皇五帝:


Three sage “kings” and five virtuous “emperors”



炎黄子孙:


the


scions


of


Huang


Di


and


Yan


Di;


Yan-


Huang?s


descendents;


the


descendents


of


Emperors Yan and Huang


孔孟之道:


Confucianism


世袭贵族:



hereditary aristocracy


民主先驱:


a forerunner of democracy


人类始祖:


the ancestors of mankind


八国联军:


coalition of eight nations


天命:


Mandate of Heaven



旧式士绅官僚:


the old bureaucracy of scholar-gentry


创造文化的著名人物:


culture heroes


禅让制度:


the non-hereditary principle



主宰乾坤:


regulated the working of the universe



天地万物:


all creation


特别值得一提的:


deserve particular mention


官斗:


dynastic struggle


说文解字:


origin of chinese characters


仁政:


benevolent rule


孝:


filial piety


孔子:


Confucius


孟子:


Mencius


中原:


the Chinese world


西域:


the western regions


所谓诸子百家:


the so-called hundred schools


博爱:


universal love


度量衡与币制:


weights,measures and coinage


由丞相,主管军事的太尉和御史大夫组成的三公制:


A


three-man


group


consisting


of


a


civil


administrator,a military governor and a controller


普天下苍生:


All-Under-Heaven


士大夫:


scholar-officials


双季稻:


double-cropping in rice



印度支那:


Indo-China


匈奴人:


the Huns


宫刑:


the punishment of castration


儒家经典:


the Confucian Canon



离骚:


Encountering Sorrow


五代十国:


period of the five dynasties and ten kingdoms


忽必烈:


Kublai Khan


瓷艺:


The art of ceramics


指南针:


south-pointing needle


活字印刷:


printing by movable type


马克·波罗:


Marco Polo


专重商业的实利主义社会:


a mercantile ,materialistic world


黄帝:


the Yellow Emperor,


Book of Documents,


春秋和战国:


the Spring and Autumn period



百家争鸣:



the Contention of a Hundred Schools


四书五经:


the Four Books and the Five Classics



仁者人也。

< br>”




“To be humane is to be a man.”



秦皇汉武:


Emperor Qin Shihuang and Emperor Han Wudi


科举、科考:


civil service examination


儒家行政系统(官僚制度)



Confucian bureaucracy


历史文献:



historical documentation


清谈及玄学:


Pure Talk and Mysterious Learning


仁、义、礼、智、信:


humanity, rightness, propriety, wisdom, and trustworthiness


儒释道:


Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism


《史记》



“Records of the Grand Historian”



《汉书》




“The Book of Han”



《说文解字》




“Origin of Chinese Characters”




三纲五常





three cardinal guides and five constant virtues



正统哲学:


orthodox philosophy


三国时期:


The Period of the Three Kingdoms


动乱时期:


the Period of Disunion (Disorder), the Age of Division


南北朝:


the Southern and Northern Dynasty


大运河:


the Grand Canal


普天下苍生:


All-Under- Heaven



《全唐诗》



“The Complete Anthology of Tang Poetry”



唐人



(


街< /p>


)



Chinese; China Town


唐装



(

< br>服


)



traditional Chinese costume


唐僧:


Monk Tang, popular name for Xuanzang (


玄奘


) AD











602



664


唐三彩:



tricolored glazed pottery of Tang Dynasty; Tang tricolor


唐诗三百首


:




“Three Hundred Poems of the Tang Dynasty”



《诗经》



“The Book of Songs”



唐三彩:


Tang tricolor, tricolored glazed pottery of Tang Dynasty


《唐诗三百首》



“Three Hundred Poems of the Tang Dynasty”



《兵车行》



“Ballad of the Army Carts”



为艺术而艺术:


art for art?s sake



儒家经典:


Confucian canon


唐诗宋词:


The Tang poetry and the Song ci poetry


唐宋八大家:



Eight prose masters of the Tang-Song period


理学:


the philosophy of principle


新儒学之复兴:


neo- Confucian revival


《资治通鉴》




“The Mirror of History”



《梦溪笔谈》




“Dream Pool Essays”



金石铭文:


bronze and stone inscriptions


清明上河图:


Riverside Scenes at Qingming Festival


佛经与道经:


Buddhist and Taoist scriptures


瓷艺:


the art of ceramics


裙带关系与贿赂:


nepotism and bribery


商业投机:



merchant speculation


京杭大运河:


The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal


Marco Polo Bridge


:卢沟桥



成吉思汗


;


忽必烈:


Genghis (Chinggis) Khan; Kublai (Kubilai) Khan


元曲四大家:



Four master dramatists of the Yuan Dynasty


《窦娥冤》



“The Injustice Suffered by Dou E”



《西厢记》



“Romance of the Western Chamber”



《赵氏孤儿》




“The Orphan of the Zhao Family”



卢沟桥:



Marco Polo Bridge


唐宋传奇集


Short Stories of the Tang and Song Dynasties compiled by Lu Xun


鲁迅



清明上河图


:Riverside Scenes at Qingming Festival created by



Zhang Zeduan


张择端



永乐大典:


Great Encyclopedia of Yongle (Reign),



儒释道:


CONFUCIANISM, BUDDHISM AND TAOISM


元曲四大家:


Four master dramatists of the Yuan Dynasty


唐宋八大家


: Eight prose masters of the Tang-Song period


四大名著


: Four great classical novels.


三皇五帝:


Three sage “kings” and five virtuous “emperors”



长城:


the Great Walls


大篆和小篆:



big seal script and small seal script


焚书坑儒:



Burning of the books, and burying of Confucian scholars alive;


唐宋八大家


: Eight prose masters of the Tang-Song period. (Han Yu


韩愈


, Liu Zongyuan


柳宗元



of the Tang;



Ouyang Xiu


欧阳修


, Su Xun


苏洵


, Su Shi


苏轼


, Su Zhe


苏辙


, Zeng Gong


曾巩


,


and Wang Anshi


王安石



of the Song)



元曲四大家:


Four


master


dramatists


of


the


Yuan


Dynasty.


(


关汉卿



Guan


Hanqing


,郑光祖



Zheng Guangzu


,白朴



Bai Pu,



and


马致远



Ma Zhiyuan)



(


王实甫



Wang Shifu)



The civil service examination based on Confucianism began under Emperor Wudi.


Taoism as a homegrown religion started in Eastern Han Dynasty.


Buddhism was first introduced into China in Eastern Han Dynasty.


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