B3U6 课文翻译及课后练习答案

这就像为了考试努力学习以便取得好成绩一

样

)

。

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在“帮手——助残猴”中心，僧帽猴要接受两次训练才与残疾人合作。首先，猴子要放< /p>

在收养人家里与人交往。在五年的时间里，这些收养的人家会帮助猴子适应人类环境，使他

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们信任人类并喜欢与人相处。

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贝利说，很重要的一点是，要在猴子

4

到

6

周大的时候就收养它们。

她说：

“这正好是

猴子开始与其他猴子正常交往的时候。

”

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然后，帮手中心的训练人员训 练猴子做一些具体的工作去帮助某个人。比如，可能训练

猴子抓痒，或把软盘放进计算机 的驱动器里。训练人员采用正强化手段来奖赏猴子，比如，

给它们食物、饮料、表扬和关 爱。这个训练阶段会持续一年。

课内阅读练习答案

Part One

Preparation

1. Animals and the Human World

Animal names

ant, antelope

（

羚羊）

, bat, bear, beaver, bee, bird, bull, butterfly, camel, cat, chicken, cod, cow, crab,

crocodile, cuttlefish (

乌贼

), deer, dog, dolphin, donkey, dragonfly, duck, eagle, eel, elephant, fish,

fly, fox, frog, goat, goose, giraffe, hippo (

河马

), horse, koala, leopard, lion, lizard, mandarin duck

（鸳鸯）

, monkey, mosquito, mouse, mule, ostrich, owl, ox, panda, parrot, peacock, penguin, pig,

pigeon,

pony,

rabbit,

rat,

rhino

(

犀牛

),

salmon,

scorpion

(

蝎

),

sea

lion,

shark,

sheep,

shrimp,

skunk, sloth, snail, snake, spider, squirrel, swallow, tiger, tortoise, turkey, turtle, weasel (

黄鼠狼

),

whale, worm, zebra, etc.

Samples

1)

I’d vo

te for sheep. They were among the earliest domesticated animals and were a mainstay of

the earliest human civilizations. Aside from being a source of meat and milk they also gave rise to

some of the first textile industries. Besides, sheep are very gentle. They eat only grass but give so

much to us.

2) Dogs contribute the most to humans. Thanks to their great sense of smell and ability to learn new

things, dogs can be helpful to humans in many ways. For example, hunters used dogs to track down

prey in ancient times. Today, they can be employed to sniff out earthquake victims buried beneath

the rubble of a collapsed building. They also provide companionship for those who are lonely.

3) Don

’

t forget one of the quiet animals -- the earthworm. Earthworms help to make the soil fertile.

They dig tunnels to cause soil to be loose and make it possible for air and water to reach the roots of

plants. Earthworms also benefit the ecosystem. In forest ecosystems earthworms can help consume

all the litter deposited on the soil surface within a period of several weeks.

2. Test Your Animal Knowledge

Section A

: What is it?

1) A squirrel

2) An owl

3) A dolphin

4) A tiger

5) A sloth

6) A bat

7) A beaver

8) A lion

9) A penguin

10) An ostrich

Section B:

Which is the best choice?

3

1) B

6) A

2) C

7) D

3) D

8) C

4) C

5) B

9) C

10) C

3. The Pet Show

May: dog, speak, third

Beth: bird, jump, first

Kim: snake, roll over and play dead, second

Since the snake rolls over (Clue 3) and the bird does not speak (Clue 2), the bird must jump.

The pet that jumps took first place (Clue 4), and the bird is owned by Beth (Clue 5), so Beth

owns the first-place pet. Since Beth owns the first-place pet and May owns the third-place pet

(Clue

1),

then

Kim

must

own

the

second-place

pet.

Since

the

snake

took

second

(Clue

6),

it

must belong to Kim. If Beth owns the bird, and Kim owns the snake, then May must own the

dog. Since the bird jumps and the snake rolls over, the dog must speak. Since May owns the dog,

and Ma

y’s pet took third, the dog must be the third

-place pet.

Part Two

Reading-Centered Activities

I. Pre-Reading

1)

–

No, not at all. Actually I love dogs and we keep a dog at home. When I

’

m at home, the dog will be always around me. We

often share food at meal time. For example, I have the meat and she

’

ll eat the bone. We

’

re very good friends.

–Yes,

extremely

frightened.

I’m

terrified

of

them

because

I

feel

they

can

easily

become

fierce

and

nasty.

In

fact,

I

’

m

frightened by their barking. When they bark loudly I

’

m afraid they

’

re ready to attack at any moment. Some dogs attack and

bite people.

2)

When animals are threatened;

When they are attacked or hurt;

When they want to protect their young;

When they are cornered.

3)

When people are in the following situations:

in war;

in self-defense;

being extremely angry;

lacking space and freedom.

4) Fighting, beating, slapping, invading, killing (in war), etc.

II. In-Class Reading

III. Post-Reading

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Reading Comprehension

1. Understanding the Main Idea of the Passage

A Comparison of Animal and Human Aggression

Causes of aggression

Animals

1) Abnormal conditions.

Human beings

6)

Living conditions in crowded

cities.

Consequences

Examples

2)

Animals

may

show

abnormal

7)

People

behave

aggressively

aggressiveness.

toward each other.

3) The tiger that had an injured paw

8)

People

who

are

not

able

to

came

out

of

the

jungle

into

a

assert themselves may express

village and attacked a man.

aggression through resentment

and anger.

4)

Caged

animals

often

become

more aggressive than they would

9)

At

the

international

level

an

be in the wild.

accumulation

of

hostile

emotions

may

find

expression

in

large-scale

impersonal

warfare.

5)

Animals

live

in

their

natural/

10)

Hostility

and

aggression

are

normal conditions/environment.

expressed

in

constructive

activity

and

non-violent

competition.

Possible solutions

2. Understanding Specific Information

1) D

2) C

3) A

4) C

5) D

6) B

3. Questions for Group Discussion

1)

–

Yes. There were 2 world wars before, during which large numbers of people were killed and

the

great

majority

of

them

were

innocent.

Human

beings

or

the

whole

world

could

be

destroyed

if

nuclear

or

biological

weapons

should

be

used

by

violent

or

insane

people.

We

have never heard of anything comparable to these in the animal world. Besides, humans have

killed large numbers of animals for food, clothes, medical research, pleasure, or for no reason

at all. So I think humans are much more aggressive than animals.

–

No, animals are, in general, more aggressive than humans. Humans are good by nature, while

animals have no power of reasoning. What

’

s more, animals have more physical force and other

defenses such as claws and fangs. Without weapons, man is weaker and less aggressive than

animals. In addition, there are many kind and charitable humans, who are always ready to help

the needy. In normal conditions, nations can support each other. None of these can be found

among animals.

2)

–

Yes, sports are generally a good way to channel energy and aggression, especially boxing,

wrestling, ball games, etc. International sports enable athletes from different countries to meet

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and compete for medals. To prepare for international sports competitions, they have to improve

their skills, strengthen their muscles, develop effective strategies, etc. Others, non-athletes, will

feel supportive of them, excited with them, and proud of them, and cheer for them.

–

No, the Olympic Games are just sports competitions. They won

’

t change the political ideas

of

nations.

We

have

never

heard

of

any

sports

games

that

have

stopped

disputes,

conflicts,

wars, etc., but on the other hand there were athletes who were prevented from participating in

the

Games

because

of

international

conflicts.

And

there

have

been

acts

of

terrorism,

and

examples of unfair judgments and aggressive behavior at the Olympic Games.

Vocabulary

1.

Verb

aggress

/

behave

/

/

disable

compare

destroy

resent

construct

compete

/

Noun

aggression

violence

behavior

territory

hostility

disability

comparison

destruction

resentment

construction

competition

evidence

Adjective

aggressive

violent

/

territorial

hostile

disabled

comparative/comparable

destructive

resentful

constructive

competitive

evident

Adverb

aggressively

violently

/

/

/

/

comparatively/com

parably

destructively

resentfully

constructively

competitively

evidently

2.

violent

—

non-violent

doubtfully

—

undoubtedly

satisfied

—

dissatisfied

normal

—

abnormal

constructive

—

destructive

personal

—

impersonal

diminish

—

increase

encourage

—

discourage

3.

1) intrude

2) conflicts

3) accumulation

4) remote

5) injuring

6) assert

7) competition

8) instinct

9) evidently

10) scale

4.

Aggression

is

the

evident

basis

for

fighting

instinct

in

beast

and

man,

which

is

directed

against members of the same species. It is theorized that in natural conditions aggression helps

to ensure survival of individuals (and thus the species), by preventing too dense a population

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