-
COPD
相关英文词汇小结
c
obstructive
pulmonary
disease
慢性阻塞性肺疾病
w limitation
气道受限
3. noxious particles or
gases
有害物质或气体
4. chronic bronchitis
慢性支气管炎
5. emphysema
肺气肿
6. excess mucus secretion
粘液过度分泌
7. bronchial tree
支气管树
8. airspaces distal
气道远端
9. terminal bronchioles
细支气管末端
10. CD8 + lymphocytes
CD8+
淋巴细胞
11. tumor necrosis
factor-
α
肿瘤坏死因子α
12. interleukin-8
白介素
8
riene B4
白三烯
B4
14. pulmonary vasculature
肺血管
15. lung parenchyma
肺实质
17. proteases
蛋白酶
oteases
抗蛋白酶
19.
α 1
-antitrypsin (AAT)
α 1
-
抗胰蛋白酶
20. neutrophil elastase
中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶
21. goblet cells
杯状细胞
22. mucus glands
粘液腺
23. ciliary motility
纤毛运动
24. small peripheral airways
外周小气道
25. scarring and fibrosis
结痂及纤维化
26. centrilobular emphysema
小叶中心肺气肿
27. Panlobular emphysema
全小叶型肺气肿,
弥漫性阻塞性肺气肿
28. respiratory bronchioles
细支气管
29. alveolar ducts
肺泡管
30. alveolar sacs
肺泡囊
31. pulmonary arteries
肺动脉
32. cor pulmonale
肺心病
33. sputum production
咳痰
34. cyanosis of mucosal membranes
粘膜苍白
35. barrel chest
桶状胸
36. resting respiratory rate
静息呼吸频率
37. shallow breathing
浅呼吸
38.
pursing
of
the
lips
during
expiration
缩唇呼气
39. accessory respiratory
muscles
辅助呼吸肌
40. COPD exacerbation
COPD
急性加重
41. worsening dyspnea
呼吸困难加重
se in sputum volume
咳痰量增加
se in sputum purulence
脓痰
44. chest tightness
胸部紧迫感
sed
need
for
bronchodilators
支气管扩张剂需求增加
46. malaise
萎靡不振
e
疲惫
sed exercise tolerance
运动耐量下降
48. SPIROMETRY
肺功能检查
49. forced expiratory volume after 1
second (FEV
1
)
一秒用力呼气容积
50. forced vital capacity (FVC)
用力肺活量
51. postbronchodilator FEV
1
支气管扩张剂应用后
FEV
1
52. arterial blood gases
(ABG)
动脉血气
53. inhaled medications
吸入药物
54. stable COPD
COPD
稳定器
55. Medication selection
药物选择
56. patient adherence
患者依从性
dual response
个体药物反应
effects
副作用
59. used as needed
按需使用
a scheduled basis
常规使用
61. added in a stepwise
manner
逐步加量
62. dyspnea
呼吸困难
se exercise capacity
提高运动能力
se air trapping
降低气体潴留
65. intermittent symptoms
间断症状
66. Sympathomimetics
拟交感药物
67.
β
2
-Selective sympathomimetics
β
2
受体选择性激动剂
68. relaxation of bronchial smooth
muscle
松弛支气管平滑肌
odilation
支气管扩张
cyclase
AMP
环化酶
adenosine monophosphate
cAMP
liary clearance
粘膜纤毛清除
73. metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
定量吸入剂
-powder inhaler
干粉吸入剂
75. nebulization therapy
雾化吸入
76. Albuterol
沙丁胺醇
77. levalbuterol
左旋沙丁胺醇
78. bitolterol
比托特罗
79. pirbuterol
吡布特罗
aline
特布他林
81.
greater
β
2
selectivity
β
2
受体选择性更强
82. longer durations of
action
作用时间更长
83. inhalation route
吸入途径
routes
口服途径
eral routes
肠外途径
86. acute relief of
symptoms
缓解急性症状
87. short-acting
β
2 -agonists
短效β
2<
/p>
受体激动剂(
SABA
)
88. Salmeterol
沙美特罗
89. formoterol
福莫特罗
oterol
阿福特罗
acting
β
2 -agonists
长效β
2<
/p>
受体激动剂(
LABA
)
92. persistent
symptoms
持续症状
93. reductions in exacerbation
frequency
降低急性发作频率
94. Anticholinergics
抗胆碱能药物
95. acetylcholine
乙酰胆碱
96. cyclic guanosine monophosphate
cGMP
97.
constrict bronchial smooth
muscle
收缩支气管平滑肌
98. Ipratropium bromide
异丙托溴铵
99. short-acting anticholinergic