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Part I Geography
2. England
occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.
A. northern
B. eastern
C. southern
D .
western
3. The most important part of
the U.K. in wealth is _____.
A.
Northern Ireland B. England
C. Scotland
D. Welsh
12. London is
situated on the River of _____.
A.
Parret
B.
Thames
C. Spey
D. Severn
43.
_____ includes London, the centre of government
for the whole nation.
A. Scotland
B. Northern
Ireland C. Wales
D. England
capital of
Australia is(
).
ra
rne
The English Channel separates the
island of Great Britain from _______
A.
Denmark
B. Belgium
C. The
Netherlands
3.
Australia
’
s National Day
falls on(
), the date of
the first European settlement in Australia.
y 26
ry 15
4
er 11
6.(
)granted
Canada full legislative authority in domestic and
external affairs.
Treaty
h
American Act
of Union
e of
Westminster
8. General
elections are held about every(
)years in New Zealand with two main
parties competing
with each other.
A.3
B.4
C.2
D.5
9. Most of
Canada
’
s French Canadians
live in the Province of(
)
o
Scotia
chewan
14. Education
in Britain is generally supported by(
).
ts themselves
e sources
funds
sses
19. Abraham Lincoln belonged to(
).
Federalist
Party
Republican Party
Whig Party
Democratic Party
20. Among the
following,(
)does not
belong to New England, the birthplace of America.
Hampshire
e
t
Island
Union Jack refers to
the National Flag of ________.
A. the
U.K.
B. the
U.S.
C.
Australia
D. Canada
CBBDD
ADAA
CBBA
1.A
2.B
3.A
4.D
5.C
6.D
7.C
8.A
9.A
10.B
11.C
12.D
13.D
14.C 15.A
16.C
17.C
18.B
19.B
20.B
1. The U.K. is situated in _____
Europe.
2. The full title of the U.K.
is the United Kingdom of _____ _____ and _____
_____.
3. The U.K. consists of England,
_____, _____ and Northern Ireland.
4.
The largest part of U.K. is _____.
5.
The capital of England and of Great Britain is
_____.
6.
_____
_____
is
composed
of
six
Irish
counties
that
elected
to
remain
in
the
union
with
Great
Britain.
7. The name United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was replaced
by the present name after the
26
counties of Ireland obtained autonomy in _____.
8. The highest mountain in Britain is
_____ _____.
9. The “Backbone of
England” refers to the _____.
10. Natural gas was discovered in
Britain in the _____ _____.
11. The
most important river is the River of _____.
12. The political centre of the
Commonwealth is _____.
13. Belfast
Lough and Lough Neagh lie in _____ _____.
14. The climate of Britain is moderated
by the _____ _____ _____ and is much milder than
that of
many places in the same
latitude.
15. Britain’s Industrial
Revolution took place between _____ and
_____.
16. The Bank of
England was founded in _____.
17. The
population of the U.K. is more than _____ million.
18. Britain is basically an exporter of
_____.
19. The population of the U.K.
consists of the English, the Welsh, the Scottish
and the _____.
20. In Wales many people
speak _____.
21. People sing the
national anthem in _____.
22. The
earliest invasion is that by the _____-haired
Mediterranean race called the Iberians.
23. The modern _____ and _____ are the
descendants of the Gaels of the Celtic tribes.
24. The Britons of the Celtic tribes
were the forefathers of the modern _____.
25. Greater London is made up of 12
_____ London boroughs and _____ Outer London
boroughs.
26. The International
festival of music and the arts is held every year
in the city of _____.
27. The British
national anthem is _____ _____ _____ _____.
28. The U.K. lies to the _____ of
France.
29. Westminster, the area of
central government administration is situated in
the _____ End.
30. River _____ flows
through Glasgow.
31. Mt. Seafell stands
in _____.
32. The source of the River
_____ is in the Cotswolds.
33. The
capital city of Wales is _____.
34. The
United Kingdom is rich in _____, iron, tin,
copper, lead and silver.
35. Define the
Following Terms
36. “Backbone of
England”
37. Greater London
38. Celts
39. The “Irish
Question”
I. Answer the
Following Questions
1. What are the
major factors influencing the British weather
characterized by a moderate temperature
and plenty of rainfall?
2.
Why is United Kingdom said to be a trading nation?
3. What are the general characteristics
of the British economy?
英美概况一答案
Part I
I.
DCBAA
CAAAB
ABBBB
ABABD
ACACB
CBBCD
BADAA
CBABA
CBD
II.
Northwestern
Great
Britain,
Northern
Ireland
Scottish,
Welsh
England
London
Northern
Ireland
1921
Ben
Nevis
Pennines
North
Sea
Thames
London
Northern
Ireland
Atlantic
Gulf
Stream
1750,
1850
1694
57
manufacture
Irish
Welsh
English
dark
Scots,
Irish
Welsh
Inner,
20
Edinburgh
God
Save
the
Queen
North
West
Clyde
England
Thames
Cardiff
coal
英美概况英国历史部分
History
1. Julius Caesar
invaded Britain _____.
A. once
B.
twice
C. three times
D. four times
2. King Arthur
was the king of _____.
A. Picts
B.
Celts
C. Scots
D. Jutes
3. The
first “King of the English” was
_____.
A. Alfred
B. Egbert
C. Bede
D. Ethelred
4.
Christianity was introduced into England in the
late _____ century.
A. 14th
B. 8th
C.
6th
5. In 1653 _____ was made Lord
Protector for life.
A. Oliver Cromwell
B. Charles I
C. William II
D. James I
6. The three
great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the _____ and
the Jutes which invaded Britain form
the basis of the modern British people.
A. Saxons
B. Scots
C. Welsh
D. Wessex
7. The
head of the church in Anglo-Saxon times was _____.
A. the King of Denmark and Norway
B. the king of England
C. Julius Caesar
D. the Archbishop of
Canterbury
8. The _____ invaded England
in the earliest time.
A. Danes
B. Iberians
C. Romans
D. Celts
9. The Vikings who invaded England at
the turn of the 8th century came from _____.
A. Norway
B. Denmark
C.
France
D. both A and B
10. Edward
was known as the “_____” because of his reputation
for saintliness.]
A.
Confessor
B. Conqueror
C. Protector
11.
Norman Conquest began in _____.
A. 1016
B.
1066
C. 1035
D. 1106
12. In history _____ was nicknamed
“King of Lackland”.
A. John
B.
Henry I
C.
Henry II
13. In 1181 Henry II issued
the _____ which made it compulsory for every
freeman in England to be
provided with
arms.
A. Inquest of Sheriffs B. Assize
of Arms C. Doomsday Book
14. Henry
Plantagenet, in 1154, established the House of
Angevin as _____.
A. Henry I
B. Henry II
C. Henry III
15. Henry II appointed in 1162 _____
Archbishop of Canterbury.
A. Thomas
Becket B. Stephen Langton C. Simon de Mortfort
16. Charles I was beheaded in _____.
A. 1649
B. 1648
C. 1653
17. It was _____ who summoned Model
Parliament in 1295.
A. Edward I
B. Henry IV
C. Simon de
Montfort
18. The Great Charter
contained _____ sets of provisions.
A.
two
B. four
C. three
19. The
Peasants Uprising in 1381 was led by _____.
A. Henry Turner
B. Watt Tyler
C.
Richard
20. The English Church was
strictly _____.
A. national
B. international
C. regional
21.
The Glorious Revolution in 1688 was in nature a
_____.
A. coup d’etat
B. racial slaughter C. peasant
rising
22. The Industrial
Revolution laid a good foundation for the _____.
A. factory of the world
B.
expansion of markets
C. social upheaval
23. The American Revolution (the
American War of Independence) broke out in _____
and ended in
_____.
A. 1775,
1783
B. 1774, 1782
C. 1786, 1784
D.1778, 1789
24. The Battle
of Hastings took place in _____.
A.
1606
B. 1042
C. 1066
25. The
Great Charter was signed by _____ in 1215.
A. King Henry II
B. King Richard
C. King John
26. In the
early 14th century feudalism began to _____ in
England.
A. grow
B. flourish
C. decline
D. end
27. It was _____ who published the book
“The Rights of Man”.
A.
Thomas More
B. Thomas Paine
C. Thomas Jefferson
28. The first Prime Minister was _____.
A. Wilminton
B.
George Grenville C. Robert Walpole
29.
The
Parliament
of
1265
which
is
known
as
the
“_____”
is
considered
the
“beginning
of
parliament”.
A.
All Estates Parliament
B. Model
Parliament
C. Long Parliament
30. The Anglo-French hostility which
began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as
_____.
A. the Wars of Roses
B. the Hundred Years’ War
C. Peasant Uprising
31. In
the first half of 17th century _____ grow rapidly
in England.
A. feudalism
B. capitalism
C. Catholicism
32. Prime
Minister _____ resisted any reform that could be
resisted.
A. Palmerston
B. Robert Peel
C. Gladstone
33. By the end
of the Hundred Years’ War only the port of _____
remained under English rule.
A. Troyes
B. Gascon
C. Calais
34. In the 14th
century took place the _____, the severest of many
plagues in the middle ages.
A.
Earthquake
B. Black Death
C. Drought
35.
_____
and
his
followers,
known
as
Lollards,
provided
ideological
preparation
for
the
labour
movement of the 14th century.
A. John Wycliffe
B. Watt Tyler
C.
Somerset
36. By the end of the Wars of
the Roses the House of _____ began.
A.
Tudor
B.
Lancaster
C.
Plantagenet
37.
In
the
“_____”
of
1388
five
lords
accused
the
King’s
friends
of
treason
under
a
ve
ry
expansive
definition of crime.
A. All Estates
parliament
B. Merciless Parliament
C. Model Parliament
38. In
the Wars of the Roses the Lancastrians wire badges
of _____ rose.
A. white
B. red
C.
pink
D. yellow
39. The first
Civil War in Britain lasted from _____ to _____.
A. 1600, 1604
B.
1640, 1644
C. 1642, 1646
40. William Shakespeare is mainly a
_____.
A. novelist
B. dramatist
C. poet
D. composer
41.
In 1689 the “Bill of Rights” was passed. _____
began in England.
A. The
Constitutional Monarchy
B. All Estates Parliament
C.
House of Lancaster
42. The _____
carried on trade relations with Russia and central
Asian countries.
A. Moscow Company
B. Eastland Company
C. East
India Company
43. _____ started the
slave trade in the second part of the 16th
century.
A. John Hawkins
B. Francis Drake
C. Diaz
44. In 1534
Parliament passed the “_____”, according to which
Henry VIII was declared the head
of the
English Church.
A. the Bill of Rights
B. Act of Supremacy C. Act of Settlement
45. U
nder Elizabeth I _____
was restored, and she was declared “governor” of
the church.
A. the Roman
Church
B. the Catholic Church
C. the Anglican Church
46.
In 1337 the hostility between England and _____
resulted in the Hundred Years’ War.
A. France
B. Spain
C. Russia
47.
The religious persecution mainly existed during
the reign of _____.
A. Cromwell
B. Charles I
C. Henry VIII
48. England first became a sea power in
the time of _____.
A. Henry VII
B. Elizabeth I
C. Victoria
49. The
Industrial Revolution first started in _____.
A. the iron industry B. the textile
industry C. the coal industry
50. From
1688 to 1783 English Parliament was mainly
controlled by the party of _____.
A.
Tory
B. Whig
C. Labour
51.
The English Prime Minister during the Second World
War was _____.
A. Churchill
B. Chamberlain
C. Baldwin
52. At the End of
_____ century, the East India Company was formed.
A. 15th
B. 16th
C. 14th
53. The Seven Years War between England
and France lasted from _____ to _____.
A. 1756, 1763
B.
1713, 1720
C. 1754, 1761
54. In 1689 Parliament passed “_____”,
limiting the powers of the crown.
A. Habeas Corpus Act
B.
the Bill of Rights
C. Navigation Act
55. _____ contrasted the first
successful steam locomotive.
A. George
Stephenson
B. Samuel Crompton
C. James Hargreaves
56. The
“Peterloo Massacre” took place in
_____.
A. Birmingham
B. Liverpool
C. Manchester
57. Between 1911 and 1914 took place
the following strikes except _____.
A.
railway strike
B.
strike of the postmen
C. coal strike
D. strike of
the transport
58. The Victorian Age was
over the _____ began.
A. Edwardian Age
B. Georgian Age
C.
Elizabethan Age
59.
The
_____
government
surrendered
to
the
British
invaders
and
was
forced
to
sign
the
first
unequal
Treaty of Nanjing in 1842.
A. Indian
B. Qing
C.
Irish
D. Spanish
60. The Great
Charter was essentially a _____.
A.
Culture Movement
B. colonial
document
C. feudal document
61. _____ broke out two years after the
Hundred Years’ War with France.
A. The Bore War
B. The Wars of the Roses
C.
Queen Annes’ War
62. The
Reformation was a product of _____.
A.
the Renaissance
B.
the Chartist Movement
C. the Hundred
Years’ War
63. The greatest
dramatist of the English Renaissance was _____.
A. Shakespeare
B. Milton
C. Chaucer
D. Bacon
64. The English
Revolution marks the beginning of the _____ period
of capitalism.
A. feudal
B. modern
C. colonial
D. medieval
65.
By the _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the
independence of the US.
A. Declaratory
Act B. Treaty of Paris C. Treaty of Montgomery D.
Statue of Westminster
66. The Chartist
Movement began in _____ and reached its height in
_____.
A. 1845, 1858
B. 1828, 1835
C.
1839, 1848
67. In 1840 Britain launched
an aggressive war against _____.
A.
France
B. India
C.
China
D.
America
68. _____ formed a coalition
government in 1940.
A. Winston
Churchill B. Lloyd George
C. Neville Chamberlain
69.
By the _____ the British dominions became
independent states in all but name.
A.
Statue of Westminster
B. Locarno
Treaty
C. Disputes Act
70.
The Fabians Society was founded in 1883, including
intellectuals such as _____.
A. William
Shakespeare & Ben Jonson
B. Christopher
Marlowe & John Milton
C. G. B. Shaw &
H. G. Wells
71.
Before
WWII
_____
relied
on
appeasement
of
the
European
dictators
to
reduce tensions
that
might lead to war.
A.
Neville Chamberlain
A. Stanley
Baldwin
C. Winston Churchill
72. During WWII, Britain, America,
France, Soviet Union and other antifascist
countries formed a
united international
alliance which was called _____.
A.
Locarno Treaty B. Grand Alliance C. Statute of
Westminster
73. The first coalition
government during WWI was organized when _____ was
the Prime Minister.
A. Lloyd George
B. Herbert Asquith C.
Stanley Baldwin
74. When Germany
invaded _____ which was neutral, Britain declared
war on Germany on 4 August,
1914.
A. Austria
B. Russia
C. Belgium
D. Poland
1. At about 3000
BC, some of the _____ settled in Britain.
2. About 122 AD, in order to keep back
the Picts and Scots, the _____ built
Hadrian’s Wall.
3. The real
Roman conquest began in _____.
4. _____
_____’s “Paradise Lost” was published in
1667.
5. Beowulf, considered
the greatest Old English poem, is assigned to
_____ Times.
6. _____ was considered
the first national hero.
7. On
Christmas Day 1066 Duke _____ was crowned in
Westminster Abbey.
8. In history John
was nicknamed King of _____.
9. John
signed the document in 1215, which in history was
called the Great Charter or _____ _____.
10. In 1086 William had his official to
make a general survey of the land, known as _____
Book.
11. The most famous scholar
during Anglo-Saxon Times was _____.
12.
The Battle of _____ paved the way for the Norman
Conquest to England.
13. The Norman
Conquest increased the process of _____ which had
begun during the Anglo-Saxon
Times.
14. Duke William was known in history
as William the _____.
15. Along with
the Normans came the _____ language.
16. The English parliament originated
in the _____ _____.
17. The head of the
_____ was Archbishop of _____.
18. The
_____ _____ in 1688 was in nature a coup
d’etat.
19. The People’s
Charter included _____ points such as universal
male suffrage.
20.
The
corrupt
Qing
government
surrendered
to
Britain
and
was
forced
to
sign
the
first
unequal
Treaty of _____ in
1842.
21. After the Crimean War _____
was forced not to fortify Sebastopol.
22. The third collection of the poll
tax in the early part of 1381 became the fuse of
_____ _____
rising.
23. The
Wars of the Roses broke out between the _____ and
the _____.
24. The Enclosure Movement
began in the _____ century.
25. By the
treaty of _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the
independence of the US.
26. In _____
Britain launched the Opium War against China.
27. The East India Company formed at
the end of the 16th century was one of _____
companies.
28. After the Reformation
the Roman Catholic Church was _____, the English
Church was strictly
_____.
29. Mary I re-established Catholicism
and burnt three hundred Protestants, for which she
was called
“_____” Mary.
30.
“Renaissance”
means
“_____”,
i.e.
Europe
rediscovering
its
origins
in
the
cultures
of
ancient Greek and Rome.
31.
During
the
Renaissance,
the
thinkers
who
worked
for
freedom
and
enlightenment
were
called
“_____”.
32. The nature of the Wars of the Roses
was a _____ _____ war.
33. By the
beginning of the Tudor reign the manor system was
replaced by the _____ system.
34. In
the summer of 1588 the Spanish ships, the _____
_____ was defeated by English ships.
35.
The
greatest
English
humanist
was
Sir
_____
_____
whose
work
_____
became
a
humanistic
classic in the
world literature.
36. English
Renaissance began in _____ century.
37.
The House of _____ was notorious for its
absolutist rule.
38. During the Civil
Wars (1642
–
1648) the
supporters of Parliament were called _____ while
the
supporters of the King Charles I
were called _____.
39. In 1653 Cromwell
was made _____ _____ for life and started his
military dictatorship openly.
40. The
Seven Years War was ended by the Treaty of _____.
41. The first two parties appeared in
England were the _____ and the _____.
42. The basic point of the People’s
Charter is _____ _____.
43.
In 1764 James Hargreaves invented the _____ _____.
44. From 1863 to the end of the century
Britain had been carrying a foreign policy of
_____ _____.
45.
The
Parliament
passed
the
Act
of
_____
in
1701,
excluding
James
Catholic
son
from
the
succession.
46. After Charles I was beheaded in
1649 England was declared a _____.
47.
In September 1939 Germany invaded _____, thus
Britain and France declared war on Germany.
48. The Industrial Revolution started
during the last part of the _____ century.
49. The steam engine was invented by
_____ _____ in 1769.
50. Samuel
Crompton invented the _____ _____ in 1779.
51. Edmund Cartwright invented the
_____ _____ in 1785.
52. Upon the
completion of the _____ _____ by 1850 England
became the workshop of the world.
53.
In 1868 the first Trade Union Congress met in
_____.
54. In 1534 Parliament passed
the “_____ _____ _____”.
55.
On
the
eve
of
WWI
the
Triple
Alliance
between
Germany,
Austria-Hungary
and
_____
was
formed.
56. The First World War was an
imperialist war as well as a _____ war because it
was not confined
only to Europe. It
lasted _____ years.
57. At the _____
_____ _____, the League of Nations was established
and the Treaty of Versailles
was
signed.
58. The _____ _____ of 1926 was
Austen chamberlain’s chief claim to fame as
foreign secretary.
59. On
May 7, 1945, _____ surrendered unconditionally.
60. It was _____ _____ who led the
cou
ntry during the “miracle of
Dunkirk”.
61. When George I
began the Houses of Hanover in 1714, the _____
system was established.
Explain the
Following Terms
1. The Norman Conquest
2. The Glorious Revolution
3. The Chartist Movement
4.
The Opium War
5. Th
e Hundred
Years’ War
6. Black Death
Answer the Following Questions
1. What, in your opinion, are the main
causes for the slow growth of Britain’s economy
since the
Second World War?
2. What is the importance Simon de
Mortfort hold in British history (with special
reference to his role
in the creation
of the Parliament system)?
What
importance did King Alfred hold in British
history?
BBBAB
DBACB
BABBC C
英美概况自测题（二）英国历史部分答案
I.
BBBCA
ADBDA
BABBA
AACBA
AAACC
CBAAB
BACBA
ABBCB
AAABC
ABBBB
ABABA
CBABC
BAABB
CCAAC
ABBC
1.
II.
Iberians
Romans
43
A.D
John
Milton
Anglo-Saxon
Alfred
William
Lackland
Magna
Carta
Domesday
Bede
Hastings
feudalism
Conqueror
French
Great
Council
Church
Glorious
Revolution
6
Nanjing
Russia
Watt
Tyler’s
2.
Lancasterians,
Yorkists
15th
Paris
1840
Chartered
international,
national
Bloody
rebirth
humanists
feudal
civil
money
Invincible
Armada
Thomas
More,
Utopia
16th
Stuart
Roundheads,
Cavaliers
Lord
Protector
Paris
Tory,
Whig
universal
suffrage
Spinning
Jenny
splendid
isolation
Settlement
Commonwealth
Poland
18th
James Watt Spinning Mule
Power Loom
Industrial
Revolution
Manchester
Act
of
Supremacy
Italy
world,
4
Paris
Peace
Conference
Locarno Treaty
Germany
Winston Churchill
cabinet
英语考研英美概况模拟题（三）英国文化部分
Culture
Multiple
Choice
1. All children in the UK must,
by law, receive a full-time education from the age
of _____ to _____.
A. 5, 16
B. 6, 17
C.
7, 18
D 8, 19
2.
In state schools the letters A, B and C are often
used to describe “_____” or parallel
cl
asses.
A. grade
B.
form
C. streams
3. Public schools
belong to the category of the _____ schools.
A. state
B. independent
C. local
4. The pupils who
had got the highest marks in the “eleven plus”
examination would go to _____
school.
A. grammar
B. technical
C. secondary modern
5.
Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest universities
dating from _____ and _____.
A. 1167,
1284
B. 1234, 1325
C. 1335, 1427
6.
There are over _____ universities in Britain.
A. thirty
B. forty
C. fifty
7. The two features of Oxford and
Cambridge are the college system and the _____.
A. records of attendance
B.
governing council
C. tutorial system
8.
The
universities
of
St.
Andrews,
Glasgow,
Aberdeen
and
Edinburgh
are
called
the
four
_____
universities.
A. old
B. new
C. Scottish
9. The _____ university offers courses
through one of BBC’s television channels and by
radio.
A. open
B. new
C.
middle aged
10. Buckingham University
is and _____ university which was established in
1973.
A. independent
B. open
C. old
11. The
second centre of the British press is in _____.
A. London
B. the Fleet Street C. Manchester
12. In Britain great majority of
children attend _____ schools.
A. state
B.
independent
C. religious
13. In Britain education at the age
from 5 to 16 is _____.
A. optional
B. compulsory
C. self-taught
14. The oldest university in Britain is
_____.
A. Cambridge
B. Edinburgh
C.
Oxford
15. British newspapers possess
the following features except _____.
A.
freedom of speech
B. fast delivery
C. monoplied by one of the five large
organization
D. no difficulty for
independent newspapers to survive
16.
The earliest newspaper in Britain is _____.
A. Daily Mail
B.
Daily Telegraphs C. The Times
D. Guardian
17. _____ is the
oldest Sunday newspaper in Britain.
A. Sunday Times
B. The Observer
C. The people
D. News of the World
18. The
most humorous magazine is _____.
A. New
Society
B. Private Eye
C. Punch
D. Spectator
19.
In the UK there are about _____ dailies and over
_____ weeklies.
A. 130, 1000
B. 200, 800
C. 160, 1200
20. There are _____ national daily
newspapers which appear every morning except on
Sundays.
A. nine
B. seven
C.
eight
21. The Daily Telegraph and
Sunday Telegraph support the _____.
A.
Liberal Party
B. Labour
Party
C. Conservative Party
22. The Economist, New Statesman,
Spectator are _____.
A. journals
B. daily
newspapers C. local papers
23. BBC was
founded in _____ and chartered in _____ as an
independent public corporation.
A.
1922, 1927
B. 1292, 1297
C. 1822, 1827
24. The Exchange Telegraph Co. Ltd. is
a _____ news agency.
A. public
B. governmental
C. local
D. private
25. The BBC is mainly financed by
_____.
A. payment from all people who
possess TV sets
B. the income from
advertisements
C. some large
corporations
D. British government
26. The most famous broadcasting
company in Britain is _____.
A. British
Broadcasting Corporation
B. Independent
Broadcasting Authority
C. Reuters
27. Reuters was founded in the year of
_____.
A. 1518
B. 1815
C. 1851
28. The new headquarters’ building of
_____ is at 85 Fleet Street, London.
A. BBC
B. the Press Association
Ltd.
C. the Exchange Telegraph Co. Ltd.
29. _____ is regarded as the most
English of games.
A. Cricket
B. Soccer
C. Rugger
30. _____ claims the highest popular
attendance in Britain.
A. Rugby
football
B. Association
football
C. Baseball
31.
_____ “pools” provide amusement for millions of
people who bet on the results of
matches.
A. Association
football
B. Baseball
C.
Cricket
32. The annual _____
championships at Wimbledon, in London, are the
most famous in the world.
A. hockey
B. tennis
C. netball
33. _____ racing is chiefly a betting
sport.
A. Horse
B. Boat
C. Dog
34.
Hurdle
or
steeplechase
racing
takes
up
the
winter
months,
leading
to
its
climax
in
the
Grand
National Steeplechase
at _____ in March.
A. London
B. Edinburgh
C. Liverpool
35.
It was _____ who first revolutionized scientific
thought in Britain.
A. Francis Bacon
B. Thomas
Newcomer
C. James Watt
36.
_____ discovered the circulation of food.
A. Francis Glisson B. William Harvey C.
George Stephenson
37. The Royal Society
was founded in _____ in _____.
A.
London, 1660
B. Liverpool,
1660 C. London, 1760
38. The Royal
Society reached the summit of its prestige in
1703, when _____ became its president.
A. Robert Boyle
B. Issae Newton
C. Francis Bacon
39. James
Watt was a great _____ engineer and inventor.
A. Irish
B. Scottish
C. English
40.
_____ developed atomic theory in the 18th century.
A. John Dalton
B. Francis Glisson C. Robert Boyle
41. The minor’s safety lamp was
invented by _____.
A.
Francis Bacon
B. William
Harvey C. Humphy Davy
42. Charles
Robert Darwin Developed the theory of _____.
A. evolution
B. immunology
C.
virology
43. _____ is considered the
father of English poetry.
A. Geoffrey
Chaucer B. John Milton
C.
John Donne
44. Big Ben is the nickname
of _____.
A. Benjamin Franklin B. Sir
Benjamin Hall C. the 315-foot Clock Tower D. the
Queen
B
45. The British Museum was founded in
_____.
A. 1659
B. 1763
C. 1753
46. The British Museum is financed by
_____ funds and is managed by a board of 25
trustees.
A. Government
B. individual
C. local
47. You could find
the world-
famous Speakers’ Corner in
_____.
A. Great Russell
B. Hyde Park
C. Westminster Abbey
48.
_____ is the biggest and most well-known church in
London.
A. Whitehall
B. St. Paul’s
Cathedral
C. Westminster
Abbey
49. _____ is the monarch’s
present London home.
A.
Westminster Palace
B. Buckingham
Palace
C. Whitehall Palace
50. Stratford-on-Avon is the place
where _____ was born in 1564.
A.
William Shakespeare
B. Charles
Dickens
C. Samuel Butler
Fill in the Blanks
1. There
are two systems of primary and secondary education
in Britain. They are the _____ school
and the _____ school.
2. The
independent school or “_____” school is few in
number but of great influence.
3. The four types of state schools in
the secondary education are the _____ schools,
comprehensive
secondary schools, _____
schools and secondary modern schools.
4. For all children in state schools,
secondary education begins at the age of _____.
5. There are two systems for secondary
education in state schools, the _____ and the
_____.
6. Under the old selective
system, children took an examination called the
_____ _____ in their last
year at a
primary school. The results of this examination
determined the secondary education a pupil
would receive.
7. The oldest
schools in UK are _____ schools.
8.
_____
_____
schools
were
established
before
1960,
in
which
pupils
were
not
separated
by
the
criterion of academic ability.
9.
At
_____
or
_____
pupils
take
an
examination,
either
at
the
Ordinary
Level
of
the
General
Certificate of
Education or the Certificate of Secondary
Education.
10. At 18 there is another
examination for the pupils, the _____ _____ of the
General Certificate of
Education or the
Certificate of Secondary Education.
11.
_____ schools are often attached to polytechnics.
12. The four famous school: Eton
College, Harrow School, Winchester College and
Rugby School are
never referred to as
colleges but _____ schools.
13. The public schools emphasize two
factors in education. One is the study of classics
and science,
the other is the
development of what is called “_____”.
14. The old universities in Britain
refer to _____ and _____.
15.
The
five
types
of
universities
are
the
two
_____
universities,
the
four
_____
universities,
the
middle-aged universities, the new
universities an the Open university and the one
_____ university.
16. Oxford got
started in the _____ century. It has _____
colleges.
17. There are about _____
students in Oxford and Cambridge respectively.
18. The University of London is a type
of _____ university.
19. There are
three academic degrees in Britain, the _____,
_____ and _____ degrees.
20. A class in
a state school is often called a “_____”, never a
“grade”.
21. Almost all the
national papers are published in the city of
_____.
22. The _____ _____ is the
national centre of the press in the UK.
23. The most famous broadcasting
company is _____ _____ _____.
24. The
most well-known news agency is _____.
25. The second oldest university in
Britain is _____.
26. The Independent
Broadcasting Authority gets its money from _____.
27. You’ll find all BBC’s programmes in
the magazine
_____ _____.
28. In 1851 Reuters was founded in
_____.
29. _____ is regarded as the
most English games.
30. School boys
usually play rugger or _____ in winter, _____ in
summer.
31. Schools girls usually play
tennis and _____ in summer and netball and _____
in winter.
32. Netball is a kind of
basketball, and rounders is a sort of _____.
33. The _____ _____ founded in London
in 1660 is one of the most prestigious scientific
bodies in
the world.
34.
Issae Newton held the president of the Royal
Society for _____ years.
35. The famous
book Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy
was written by _____ _____.
36. James
Watt was a great _____ engineer and inventor.
37.
_____
_____,
an
English
physician,
discovered
the
vaccine
for
preventing
smallpox
and
pioneered the sciences
of immunology and virology.
38. The
miner’s safety lamp was nicknamed _____
Lamp.
39. Charles Robert
Darwin published his book On the _____ _____ _____
which caused a stir in
Victorian times.
40. Oscar Wilder was an aesthete
advocating “_____ _____ _____ _____”.
41. The seat of the British Houses of
Parliament is _____ _____.
42. “Big
Ben” was named after Sir _____ _____.
43. The place where many famous figures
are buried is called _____ _____.
44.
Karl Marx once came to study and work in the
British Museum Library and Completed most of
his famous book _____ there.
45. _____ Park in the Centre of London
is one of the World’s most famous city
parks.
46. The _____ of
_____ was a state prison from Norman times.
47. _____ is a most important street
where some of the most important offices are
located.
48. The people can visit 300
life-size wax figures in _____ _____.
Explain the Following Term
1. BBC
2. The Open
University
3. The Spectator
Answer the Following Questions
1. What is the public school system in
the UK? (talk about this in the following points:
enrolment,
funding and function)
2. What do you know about the
difference between a quality paper and a popular
paper in Britain?
英语考研英美概况模拟题（五）英国政治体制
Political System
1. The British Monarchy is _____.
A. elective
B. democratic
C.
hereditary
D. dictatorial
2. The Constitutional Monarchy started
at the end of the _____ century.
A.
17th
B. 16th
C. 15th
D. 16th
3. The
_____ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and
is described as the representative of the
people.
A. Prime Minister B.
Crown
C. House
of Lords
D. House of
Commons
4. The oldest part of British
Parliament is _____.
A. the House of
Commons
B. the House of Lords
C. the
Charmer
D.
the Shadow Cabinet
5. The decision
making organ in British Parliament is _____.
A. the Crown
B.
the Cabinet
C. Shadow
Cabinet
6. The life of Parliament is
fixed at _____ years.
A. four
B.
six
C. five
D. seven
7. The House of Commons consists of
_____ members who are elected from the _____
electoral
districts.
A. 651,
651
B. 535, 535
C. 635, 635
8. The titles of the lords, such as
Duke, Marquis, Earl, Viscount and Baron, are
_____.
A. hereditary
B. appointed
C. elected
D.
9. The quorum in the
House of Commons is _____ members.
A.
thirty
B. forty
C. forty-five
10. The _____ _____ is the supreme
administrative institution.
A. British
government
B. British Parliament
C. Opposition
D. Privy Council
11. The
_____ is the core of leadership of the British
government.
A. Cabinet
B. Privy Council
C. Crown
12. The
Privy Council was established in the 15th century
when _____ was on the throne.
A. Henry
V
B. Henry VI
C. Charles I
13. Not until _____ could the cabinet
have a legal basis.
A. 1937
B. 1714
C.
1868
14. The number of the cabinet
members varies, being generally about _____.
A. 40
B. 20
C. 30
15. The president (or head) of the
House of Lords in Britain is _____.
A.
Lord Chancellor B. Speaker
C. Prime minister
16.
_____
was
formed
by
the
trade
unions,
cooperatives,
the
Social
Democratic
Federation,
the
Independent Labour Party
and the Fabian Society in 1900.
A. The
Conservative Party
B. The Labour Party
C. The Liberal Party.
17. It
is the _____ who organizes the Cabinet and
presides over its meetings.
A. Prime
Minister B. Lord President C. Speaker
18. The Shadow Cabinet is organized by
the _____.
A. Government
B. Opposition
C.
Privy Council
19. London, because of
its special location, is divided into _____
boroughs and the city of London.
A. 20
B.
12
C. 32
20. “The Morning Star”
is the official paper of the _____.
A. Communist Party
B. Labour Party
C. Liberal
Party
D.
Social Democratic Party
21. The
following persons except _____ have no right to
vote.
A. certified lunatics
B. criminals
C. government
employees
D. peers who have seats in
the Lords
22. In England and Wales, the
jury consists of _____ people in criminal and
civil cases.
A. fifteen
B. twelve
C. seven
23.
Legally
any
citizen
aged
from
_____
to
_____
who
has
never
been
sent
to
prison
can
be
a
member of the jury.
A. 16, 60
B. 18, 65
C. 18, 60
24. The head of
the police force of a county, etc. is called
_____.
A. Chief Constable B. Chairman
C. Mayor
25. A _____ appointed to act for the
State is cal
led Queen’s
Counsel.
A. barrister
B. solicitor
C. lawyer
26. Now the House of Lords can prevent
a bill from passing into a law for _____.
A. one year
B. two years
C. six years
27. The High
Court of Justice includes the following divisions
except _____.
A. the Queen’s Bench Division
B. the Criminal
Division
C. the Chancellor
Division
D. the Family Division
28.
During the Civil War, the supporters of the King
and the Church were known as _____.
A.
Roundheads
B. Loyalists
C. the Whigs
I. Fill in the
Blanks
1. The present sovereign is
_____ _____.
2. Elizabeth II came to
the throne on Feb. 6th, _____.
3. The
vital power lies in the _____ _____, and his/her
cabinet.
4. The _____ is the only legal
and constitutional link binding the members of the
Commonwealth to
the home country and to
one another.
5.
The
British
Parliament
consists
of
three
elements
–
the
_____,
the
House
of
_____,
and
the
House of
_____.
6. The British legislature is
_____.
7. The official head of
Parliament is the _____.
8. The House
of Commons appeared in late _____ century.
9. The government cannot legally spend
any money without the permission of he House of
_____.
10. Each year the Chancellor of
the Exchequer, the minister of _____ presented the
Budget.
11. The House of Lords is also
called the _____ House, the House of Commons the
_____ House.
12. The Lords and the
Commons share the same building of the _____
_____.
13. By passing the two acts in
_____ and _____, the House of Lords has no power
to prevent the
passing of legislation
approved by the House of Commons.
14.
The electoral districts of UK are called _____.
15. The head of House of Commons is the
Speaker or _____ _____ _____ _____.
16.
The house of Commons is divided in the light of
political parties. The stronger party forms the
_____ and the weaker the _____.
17. The Lord President is the head of
the _____ _____.
18. The Prime Minister
works and lives in the famous residence, _____
_____ _____.
19. There are three
classes in the departmental working personnel.
They are the administrative class,
the
_____ class and the _____.
20. The
administrative areas in terms of local government
in England and Wales are counties, districts
and _____.
21. Every local
council of a county or district has its presiding
officer called the _____.
22. Mayor or
Lord is the presiding officer in a district which
is called a _____ or _____.
23. The two
major parties in Britain are the _____ Party and
the _____ Party.
24. During the Civil
War, the non-Puritan Anglicans who supported the
king and church were known
as Cavaliers
or _____, the Puritans who supported Parliament
were known as Roundheads or _____
_____.
25. In 1833 the Tory
changed its name to the _____, and in 1860s the
_____ became liberals.
26.
The
expenditure
of
the
local
government
comes
from
two
major
sources.
One
is
from
local
_____,
the other is from the _____ central government.
27. Every _____ years a general
election is held in Britain.
28. Every
man and woman aged _____ or over has the right to
vote.
29. A person who has no
connection with any party is appointed in every
constituency as a _____
_____.
30. The whole of the UK is divided into
_____ electoral districts.
31. In the
UK, the House of _____ is the supreme executive
body of the Law, whereas the _____
_____ presides over the administration
of Justice.
32. In terms of the nature
of cases, we can divide the courts into two
systems: the _____ Courts and
the _____
Courts.
33.
The
_____’s
job
is
deciding
whether
the
accused person
is
guilty
or
innocent
in
the
light
of
evidence.
34. In Scotland
the jury consists of _____ people in criminal
cases, _____ in civil cases in the High
court of Justice and _____ in civil
cases in the County Court.
35.
To become
a
barrister,
one must be
a
member
of the
four
inns
of
_____
and
pass
the
_____
examination.
36. The
Metropolitan (London) police is the under the
direct responsibility of the _____ _____.
37. The headquarters of the London
police is the famous _____ _____.
II.
Explain the Following Terms
1. The
Cabinet
2. The Speaker
3.
Poor Law
III. Answer the Following
Questions
1. Can you say something
about the English Monarchy?
2. Which
are the major parties in Britain? What are the
characteristics of them?
CABCA
英语考研英美概况模拟
题（五）英国政治体制
Political
System
部分答案
Part V
I.
CABBB
CAABA
ABABA
BABCA
BBBAA
ABB
II.
1.
Queen
Elizabeth
II
1952
Prime
Minister
Crown
Crown,
Lords,
Commons
Parliament
Queen
13th
Commons
finance
Upper
Westminster
Palace
1911,
1949
constituencies President
of
the Chamber
Government,
Opposition
Privy
Council
No.
10
Downing
Street
executive,
clerical
parishes
chairman
borough,
city
Conservative,
Liberal
loyalists,
Parliament Men
Conservative, Whig
grants
5
18
Returning
Officer
651
Lords
Criminal
jury
15,
12
Court,
Bar
Home Secretary
Scotland Yard
英语考研英美概况模拟题（六）美国部分地理
American Survey Test
地理
1.
The
_____
part
of
America
consists
of
high
plateaus
and
mountains
formed
by
the
Great
Cordillera Range.
A. eastern
B. western
C. northeastern
2. In eastern _____ lies Death Valley,
85 metres below sea level.
A.
California
B.
Utah
C. Arizona
3. In the west of
the _____ lie the Colorado Plateaus and the
Columbia Plateaus.
A. Rocky Mountain B.
Coast Range
C. Cascades
Mountains
D. the
Appalachians;
4. The _____ lies between
the Colorado Plateaus and Columbia Plateaus
A. Great Basin
B. Colorado Valley C. Great Plains
5. The famous Yellowstone National Park
is situated in northwestern part of _____.
A. California
B. Arizona
C. Wyoming
6. The world-known Colorado Valley lies
in northern _____, which is cut by the Colorado
River.
A. Arizona
B. Utah
C. Montana
7. Among the five Great Lakes, only
_____ is wholly within the United States.
A. Erie
B. Superior
C. Michigan
D. Ontario
8. Only the
climate in the southern part of _____ is tropical.
A. Florida
B. Georgia
C. Virginia
D.
Washington
9. Washington, the capital
of the US, is on the _____ river.
A.
Potomac
B.
Delaware
C. St.
Laurence
10. The width of the Niagara
Fall is about _____ metres and the drop average
_____ metres.
A. 1650, 50
B. 1240, 49
C. 1540, 49
11.
_____ part is the most densely populated region in
America.
A. The southern
B. The northeastern C. The western
astern
12. The
Great Salt Lake lies in northern _____.
A. Idaho
B. Arizona
C. Nevada
D. Utah
13.
_____ has been called the “cradle of American
Liberty”.
A. Philadelphia
B. Plymouth
C. Boston
D. Washington D.C.
14. About
_____ of the world’s annual
agr
icultural products come from the
United States.
A. half
B. one third
C. two thirds
15. The highest mountain in the U.S. is
Mount _____.
A. Appalachian
B. Mekinley
C. Rocky
16. Mount Mekinley
lies in the _____ Range.
A. Sierra
Nevada
B. Cascades
C. Alaska
17. The two largest Chinatowns are
located in the following cities except _____.
A. New York
B. San Francisco
C. Miami
18. The world’s
largest freshwater lake is Lake _____.
A. Superior
B. Ontario
C. Victoria
D.
Michigan
19. The world-famous Niagara
Falls lie between lakes of _____.
A.
Erie and Michigan B. Erie and Ontario C. Superior
and Haron
20. _____ of the America’s
territory is covered with forests.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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