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英语国家概况课后答案
【篇一：英语国家概况课程习题
(
附答案
< br>)
】
>
英语国家概况（
1
）模拟试题
1
i. fill in the
blanks:
1. britain consists
of _4___ nations, including
england,_scotland____,
_wales______ and northern
ireland______.
2. the
anglo-saxons began to settle in britain in
__5th______
century.
3. the capital of britain is
___london___ which has great
influence
on the uk in
all fields
including______government_, _finance______ and
__culture_____
4. the capital of scotland is _edinburgh_____,
which is well-
known for its
natural
5.
_egbert______, the ancestor of the present queen,
elizabeth
11, united england
under his rule in 829.
6. in britain, the official head of
state is the queen_______
while the
real centre of
political
life is in the house of commoms______
7. the british constitution consists
of _statute law______,
__common
law_____,
and
___conventions____.
8. the
most important function of the parliament is to
___pass
laws____._______,
9. strictly speaking, the parliament
today consists of the
queen _______,
the
house of
lords_______and the house of
commons_______.
10. life
peers should be nominated by _the prime
minister______ and appointed
by _the sovereign______.
11. the uk is divided into __651_____
constituencies with each
of
them
represented by a
member in _the parliment________
12. the party which wins the majority
seats in parliament
forms
_the
goverment______and its
party leader becomes _prime
minister________
13. normally, a government can be in power for
__5_____
years, and then it has
to
resign and hold a
general election.
14. there
are three major parties in the uk: _the
conservative__party____ the
liberal anddemocratic party_______ and
the
labourparty_______.
15. from 1979 to 1997, ___the
_conservatuve party___ won 4
consecutive
elections and was in power for quite a long
time.
16. the two oldest
universities in britain are__cambridge_____
and
_oxford______.
17.
australia, as the worlds _smallest______ continent
and .
largest_______island,
has a population which is__small_____
in relation to its size.
18. geologically, australia can be
divided into three parts: _the
eastern
highlands______ , which is also know as the_great
dividingrange______ , and which runs
almost parallel to the
eastern coast
from northern queens land to southern tasmania;
the central eaetern lowlands_______,
which extends from the
gulf of
carpentries in the north to _eastern
southarstralia______ and the western
victorian coast; and the
great western
plateau, which covers most of western
australia_______, much of the northern
territory_______ and
south australia,
and part of __western queenlands_____.
19. new zealand is in the ____south-
west pacific___ ocean.
___australia____
is its
nearest neighbour.
the __north island_____ and the __south
island_____ are its two main land
masses. they are separated
by __cook
strait_____
20. the head of
state of new zealand is _queen elizabeth
2______. she is
represented in new zealand by a __covernor-
general_____
whose most important task
is to call upon the leader of the
_majority_party_____ to form a
government after an election.
21. columbus discovered the new world
in the year of
_1492_______
22. the first permanent settlement in
north america was
established in
todays
virginia_______ in
the year of ___1607____
23.
a federal system is one in which _power______ is
shared
between __a central
authority_____andits constituent parts
_______with some
rights reserved to
each.
24. the u.s. federal
government consists of the following three
branches: the
executive_______, __the legislative_____ and __the
judiciary_____
25. the congress is divided into the
house of
representatives_______
with
_435______ members who
serve two-year terms, _the
senate_______ with_100_ lawmakers who
serve six-year terms.
26.
groups who try to persuade congressmen to vote for
or
against a bill are known
as __lobbies_____
27. the supreme court is composed of
_one______ chief
justice and 8~
associate
justices.
28. wasp, stands
for _white anglo saxon__protesant____.
29. in area, canada is the
_second_______ country on earth.
30. canada consists of ___10_______
provinces and
____3____territories.
第一卷选择题答案
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【篇二：英语国家概况答案】
it 1
Ⅰ
.read the following
statements carefully and decide whether
they are true or
false.
1. the island of
great britain is geographically divided into
three parts: england,
scotland
and wales.
(t)
英伦三岛包括英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。
in different parts of britain like to
use the name
england to refer to their
country.
(f)british
3. today more
than half of the people in wales still speak the
ancient welsh language. (f)
terms of population and
area
，
northern ireland is the
second largest part of the
united
kingdom.
(f)
英格兰是面积最大，人口最多的
5. the longest river of britain
originates in wales. (t)the river
severn:
赛文河
6. because of political
troubles
，
northern ireland
has been
quite significantamong the
four constituent parts of the united
kingdom. (t)
Ⅱ
. choose the one that best
completes each of the following
statements.
1.
the two main islands of the british isles
are.
不列颠群岛是由两个大岛组成的：不列颠和爱尔兰
britain and ireland britain and
scotland
britain and
britain and england
2. is
the capital city of scotland.
a. belfastb. edinburgh en d.
cardiff
3. among the four
parts of the united
kingdom
，
is the
smallest.
d b.
scotland
. northern
ireland
4. the introduction
of christianity to britain added the first
element ofwords to english.
a. danish and finnish b. dutch and
german
c. french and
italian d. latin and greek
5. the evolution of middle english was reinforced
by
theinfluence.
a. normanb. dutch c. german d. danish
6. samuel johnson’s
dictionary was influential in establishing
a standard form of.
a. grammar b. handwriting
ng d. pronunciation
7. at
present, nearly of
the world’s population communicate in
english.
a. half
b. aquarter
c. one third d.
one fifth
1. what is the
full name of the u.k.?
the
full name is the united kingdom of great britain
and
northern ireland
2. why do tourists from all over the
world like to go to scotland?
they like to enjoy the
beautifulscottish scenery, to drink
scotch whisky and to see
scotsman wearing kilts and playing
bagpipes.
3. how many
periods can the development of the english
language be divided into
and what are they?
the development of the english
language can be divided into
three
periods: old english, middleenglish and modern
english.
4. why did
english become more important after the black
death(
黑死病
)?
the laboring and merchant classes
grew in economic and
social importance
after the black death, so english also grew in
importance compared to
french.
Ⅳ
. state your understanding
of the following questions in
about
100words.
1. who are
british people?
the first
known inhabitants in britain were celts who are
the
ancestors of welsh, scottish and
irish people. then came the
anglos, the
saxons and the jutes who brought with them
english language. many people from
other european countries
came later,
and in modern times there are a lots of immigrants
from many
formercommonwealth(
共和国
)
countries from every
part of the world,
and the british people are also composed of
people from different ethnic and
cultural backgrounds.
2.
what is standardenglish?
standard english is based on the speech of the
upper class of
the southeastern
england; it is widely used in media and
taught at schools. it is preferred by
the educated, middle-class
people. is
has developed and has been promoted as a model
for the correct britishenglish. it is
also the norm(
标准
) carried
overseas. today, standardenglish is
codified to the extent that
the grammar
and vocabulary are much the same everywhere in
the world where english is taught and
used.
unit 2
i. read the following statements
carefully and decide whether
they are
true or false.
1. the
british history before 55 bc is basically
undocumented.
(t)
2. the celts became the dominant group
in britain between the
8th and 5th
centuries bc. (t)
3. the
name of britain came from a celtic
tribe
—
the britons.
(t)
4. the
anglo
—
saxons came to britain
in the mid-5th century.
(t)(
不考
)
5. the chief
or king of the anglo-saxon tribes exercised power
at their own will.(f)
6. the vikings began to attack the
english coast in the 8th
century.(t)
7.
hey ii built up a large empire which included
england and
most of
france(t)
8. the magna
carta was designed to protect the rights of both
the privileged classand the
townspeople. (f)
9. the hundred years’ war
wa
s a series of wars fought between
england and normans for trade and
territory. (f)
10. in an
effort to make a compromise between different
religious
factions
，
queen elizabeth i
actually defended the fruit
of the
religious reformation.(t)
Ⅱ
. choose the one that best
completes each of the following
statements.
1
．
theattack on
rome ended the roman occupation in britain in
410
．
a
．
norman
b
．
danish
c
．
celticd
．
germanic
2
．
by the late 7th
century
，
became the dominant
religion in
england
．
a
．
celtic
christianity b
．
anglo-saxon
christianity
c
．
germanic christianity
d
．
roman
christianity
3
．
westminster
abbey(
威斯敏斯特教堂
) was built at
the time of.
a
．<
/p>
st
．
augustine
b
．
edward the
confessor(
忏悔者爱德华
)
c
．
william the
conquerord
．
alfred the
great
4
．
themarked the
establishment of
feudalism(
封建制度
) in
england
．
a
．
viking
invasionb
．
signing of the
magna carta
c
．
norman conquest
d
．
adoption of common
law
5
．
the end of the wars of the
roses led to the rule of.
a
．
the house of valois
b
．
the house of
york
c
．
the house of tudor(
都铎楼
)d
．
the
house of lancaster
6
．
the direct cause for the
religious reformation was king hey
viii’s effort to.
a
．
divorce his
wife b
．
break with
rome
c
．
support the protestants
d
．
declare his supreme power
over the church
7. the english civil war broke out in 1642
between.
a
．
protestants and
puritansb
．
royalists and
parliamentarians
c
．
nobles and
peasantsd
．
aristocrats and
christians
8
．
was passed after the
glorious revolution(
光荣革命
)
．
a
．
bill of rights
b
．
act of
supremacy
c
．
provisions of oxford
d
．
magna carta
industrial revolution was
accomplished in britain by the
middle
of thecentury
．
a
．
17thb
．
18th c
．
19th
d
．
20th
10
．
britain faced
strong challenges in its global imperial
dominance by the beginning of the
century
．
a
．
17thb
．
18th
c
．
19th
d
．
20th
iii. give brief answers to the
following questions.
1.
what are the two components of the british
parliament?
2.
what were some of queen victoria’s major
achievements?
3. what were
the two camps in europe in world
war
Ⅰ
?
4. why did britain cooperate closely with the
united states
after world
war
Ⅱ
?answers:
1. they are the house of commons and
the house of lords.
2.
queen victoria made tremendous achievements in
almost
every aspect. she promoted
further industrial revolution, the
building of railways and the growing of
trade and commerce.
by the end of her
reign, britain had developed to an empire
including a quarter of the global
population and nearly a
quarter of the
world’s landmass.
3. the
central powers which included germany,
austria-
hungary, the ottoman empire and
bulgaria and the allied
powers which
were mainly comprised of france, the
russian empire, the british empire,
italy and the united states.
4. because they were allied during the
war and shared the
same worries about
the former soviet union.
Ⅳ
. state your understanding
of the following questions.
1. what were the results of the industrial
revolution in britain?
2.
the rise and fall of the british
empire?
answers:
1. the industrial revolution changed
britain in many ways. first,
industrial
productivity increased dramatically. britain
became
the most advanced industrial
country and also the financial
center
in the world. second, urbanization took place.
many new
cities sprang up. third, it
caused great changes in the class
structure. the old social classes
declined, and new ones
emerged and
developed. the conflict between the capitalists
and the proletarians became the most
important political issue.
2. colonization of newfoundland, the first british
colony
overseas, in 1583 marked the
beginning of the british empire.
by
1837, britain had long been an empire which
included the
colonies in canada,
australia, new zealand, india and many
small states in the west indies. by the
end of the 19th century,
the british
empire included a quarter of the global population
and nearly a quarter of the world’s
landmass. during the
mid
-
19th century, the
british government consolidated the existing
colonies by bringing them under the
direct control of the
government.
before world war
Ⅰ
, britain
had the largest
colonial empire in the
world. however, britain suffered great
loss to its manpower in the two world
wars and exhausted its
reserves of
gold, dollars and overseas investment. most of
britain’s colonies gained independence
since the 1940s, which
inevitably led
to the fall of the empire.
unit4 politics and government of uk
i
．
read the
following statements carefully and decide whether
they are true or
false
．
1
< br>．
conventions(
党代会
) are regarded less important than
common law in the working of the
british
government
．
f
2
．
the british
monarchy has never been interrupted
throughout the
history
．
f
3
．
in
reality
，
the british king or
queen is the source of all
government
powers
．
f
4
．
british
parliament is the law-making body of the
commonwealth of nations(
英联邦国
家
)
．
f
5
．
lords
spiritual(
上议院神职议员
) and lords
temporal(
上议院世
俗议员
)
are all members in the british upper
house(
上议院
).t
6
．
the members in
the house of commons(
下议院
)
are
appointed rather than
elected
．
f
上议院是指派的，下议院是选举
的。
7
．
the british
prime minister is the leader of the majority party
in
parliament
．
t
8
．
cabinet
members(
内阁阁员
) are chosen by
the prime
minister from various
political parties in
parliament
．
f
cabinet members are chosen by the
prime minister from
members of the
winning political parties in parliament
9
．
british law
consists of two parts, the civil law and the
criminal
law
．
t
10
．
the legal systems in engl
and
，
wales
，
scotland and
northern ireland are
much similar
in terms of
law, organization and
practice
．
f
ii
．
choose the
one that best completes each of the following
statements
．
1
．
the british
government is characterized by a division of
powers between threeof the following
branches with the
exception of
the.
a
．
judiciary
司法
b
．
legislature
立法
c
．
monarchy
d
< br>．
executive
行政
2
．
the importance
of the british
monarchy(
君主政体
)can be
seen in its effect on.
a
．
passing the
bills b
．
advising the
government
c
．
political parties
d
．
public attitude
3
．
as a revising
chamber(
审裁室
)
，
the house of lords is
expected
to the house of commons
．
a
．
rival b
．
complementc
．
criticized. inspect
检查
4
．
british
cabinet works on the principle of.
a
．
collective res
ponsibility(
集体责任
)b
．
individual
responsibility
c
．
defending the
collectivismd
．
defending the
individuals
5
．
the main duty of the
british privy council(
枢密院
)
is to.
a
．
make decisions
b
．
give advice
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