(法律法规)法律英语专业词汇

法律英语专业词汇

.doc

Words and Expressions:

1.

decision

：

n. an authoritative determination (as a decree or judgment)

made after consideration of facts or law

裁决，判决

2.

precedent

：

n. a judicial decision that should be followed by a judge when

deciding a later similar case

先例（法

律法规）法律英语专业词汇。

3.

ruling

：

n. an official or authoritative determination, decree, statement,

or interpretation (as by a judge on a question of law)

裁定、裁决

4.

overrule

：

vt. to rule against upon review by virt ue of a higher authority

推翻

5.

private law

：

a branch of law concerned with private persons, property,

and relationships

私法

6.

legislature

：

n. a body of persons having the authority to make laws for a

political unit (as a nation or state)

立法机关

7.

constitutional law

：

n. a body of statutory and case law that is based on,

concerns, or interprets a constitution

宪法性法律

8.

statute

：

n. a law enacted by the legislative branch of a government

制定

法，成文法

9.

assemble

：

vt. to bring or summon together into a group esp. in a

particular place for a particular purpose

编纂

10.

code

：

n. a systematic compilation or revision of law or legal principles

that is arranged esp. by subject

法典

11.

case law

：

n. law established by judicial decisions in cases as

distinguished from law created by legislation-called also decision law

判例法

12.

Supreme Court

：

n. the highest courts in the judicial branch of the U.S.

government that has original jurisdiction over controversies involving

ambassadors or other ministers or consuls but whose main activity is as the

court of last resort exercising appellate jurisdiction over cases involving

federal law

最高法院（法律法规）法律英语专业词汇。

13.

amend

：

vt. to alter esp. in the wording; esp: to alter formally by

modification, deletion, or addi tion

修改，修订

14.

amendment

修正案

15.

malfeasance

：

n. the commission (as by a public official) of a wrongful

or unlawful act involving or affecting the performance of one’s duties

渎职行为

（罪）

16.

impeach

：

vt. to charge with a crime or misconduct; specif: to charge (a

public official) before a competent tribunal (as the U.S. Senate) with

misconduct in office

弹劾

17.

doctrine of constitutional supremacy

宪法至上原则

18

.treason

：

n. the offence of attempting to overthrow the government of

one’s country or of assisting its enemies in war

叛国罪

19.

misdemeanor

：

n. a crime that carries a less severe punishment than a

felony; specif: a crime punishable by a fine and by a term of imprisonment

not to be served in a penitentiary and not to exceed one year

轻罪

20.

bill

：

n. a draft of a law presented to a legislature for enactment

议案，法

案

21.

constitutionality

：

n. the quality or state of being constitutional; esp:

conformity with the provisions of a constitution

合宪性

22

.delegate

：

vt. to empower a body (as an administrative agency) to

perform (a governmental function)

授权，委托（法律法规）法律英语专业词汇。

23 .

choice of law

：

n. an issue in conflicts of law as to what law (as among

laws of different states or multiple federal laws) should be applied in a case

法

律选择

24.

at issue

( also in issue): under discussion or in dispute

有争议的

25.

forum

：

n. court

法院

26

.trial court

：

n. the court before which issues of fact and law are tried and

first determined as distinguished from an appellate court

初审法院，审判法院

27.

appellate

：

adj. of or relating to appeals or the power to hear appeals

上

诉的

28.

appeal

：

n. a proceeding in which a case is brought before a higher court

for review of a lower court’s judgment for the purpose of convincing the

higher court that the lower court’s judgment was incorrect

上诉

29

.jurisdiction

：

n. the power, right, or authority to interpret, apply,

and declare the law (as by rendering a decision)

管辖权

30.

limited jurisdiction

：

n. jurisdiction that is restricted (as to a type of

case)

有限管辖权

31.

general jurisdiction

：

n. jurisdiction that is not limited (as to a particular

class of case)

普遍管辖权

32.

circuit court

：

n. a court that sits in more that one place in a judicial

district: as any of the federal courts of appeals

巡回法院（法律法规）法律英语专

业 词汇。

33.

hear

：

vt. to give a hearing to

听审，审理

34.

determination

n. a decision of a court or administrative agency regarding

an issue, case, or claim

判决，裁决

35

.litigant

：

n. an active party to litigation

诉讼当事人

36.

intermediate court

：

n. a court (as an appeals court) beneath the court

of last resort in a jurisdiction

中级上诉法院

37.

district court

：

n. a trial court having general or limited jurisdiction in a

judicial district as one of the federal trial courts sitting in a federal district

地

区法院

38

.diversity jurisdiction

：

the jurisdiction granted to federal courts over

civil disputes involving parties having diverse citizenship (as in being from

different states) where the matter in controversy exceeds a statutory amount

多州管辖权，多元管辖权

39

.discretion

：

n. the power of a judge to use his or her own judgment in

making decisions guided by what is fair and equitable and by principles of law

自由裁量权

40.

adversary

：

adj. of, relating to, or involving a system of justice in which

opposing parties usu. represented by counsel present evidence to an impartial

decision-maker (as a jury) by a process of questioning witnesses under the

supervision of a judge

对抗性的

41

controversy

：

n. a state of dispute or disagreement

争议，纠纷

42

.proceeding

：

n. a particular step or series of steps in the enforcement,

adjudication, or administration of rights, remedies, laws, or regulations

程序，

诉讼程序（法律法规）法律英语专业词汇。