2019年全国卷I阅读理解D全文翻译

2019

年

全国卷

I< /p>

阅读理解

D

全文翻译

1.

全文翻译

2.

重点词汇讲解

（

1.

原文呈现）

During the rosy years of elementary school

（

小学

）

, I enjoyed sharing my dolls

and jokes,

which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the

playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose

in

the

ranks

not

by

being

friendly

but

by

smoking

cigarettes,

breaking

rules

and

playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.

Popularity

is

a

well-explored

subject

in

social

psychology.

Mitch

Prinstein,

a

professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and

the

status

seekers.

The

likables’

plays- well-with-others

qualities

strengthen

schoolyard

friendships,

jump-start

interpersonal

skills

and,

when

tapped

early,

are

employed ever after in life and work. Then

there’s the kind of popularity that appears

in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.

Enviable

as

the

cool

kids

may

have

seemed,

Dr.

Prinstein’s

studies

show

unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as

those least liked in elementary school, are

“most likely to engage

（

从事

）

in dangerous

and risky behavior.”

In

one

study,

Dr.

Prinstein

examined

the

two

types

of

popularity

in

235

adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on

student surveys

< br>（

调查研究

）

.

“We found that the least well

-liked teens had become

more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in

status.

It

clearly

showed

that

while

likability

can

lead

to

healthy

adjustment,

high

status has just the opposite effect on us.

Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on

a

play

date- sharing,

kindness,

openness

—

carry

over

to

later

years

and

make

you

better able to relate and connect with others.

In analyzing his and other research

，

Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not

only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those

outcomes, too.

for learning and

for new kinds of

life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage,

”

he said.

32. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?

A. Unkind.

B. Lonely.

C. Generous.

D. Cool.

is the second paragraph mainly about

？

A. The classification of the popular.

B. The characteristics of adolescents.

C. The importance of interpersonal skills.

D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.

34. What did Dr.

Prinstein’s study find about the most liked kids

?

A. They appeared to be aggressive.

B. They tended to be more adaptable.

C. They enjoyed the highest status.

D. They performed well academically.

35. What is the best title for the text?

A. Be Nice-

You Won’t Finish Last

B. The Higher the Status, the Better

C. Be the Best-You Can Make It

D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness

（

2.

逐段翻译）

During the

rosy

years of elementary sch ool

（

小学

）

, I enjoyed sharing my dolls

and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the

queen

of the

playground.

Then

came

my

tweens

and

teens

,

and

mean

girls

and

cool

kids

.

They

rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and

playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.

在我上小学的那段美好的岁月，我喜欢跟别人分享我的玩具，讲笑话给他们

听。这样的 方法能够让我保持较高的社交地位。我是操场上当之无愧的佼佼者。

< br>接下来小学生长成了

10

到

12

岁，

13

到

1 9

岁的，自私、所谓时尚的年轻人。他

们的社交地位的上升不是 靠着对别人友好，而是吸烟、破坏规则、嘲笑他人。很

快我发现我自己也是其中一个。< /p>

Popularity

is

a

well-explored

subject

in

social

psychology.

Mitch

Prinstein,

a

professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and

the

status

seekers.

The

likables’

plays- well-with-others

qualities

strengthen

schoolyard friendships,

jump-start

interpersonal

skills

and, when

tapped

early,

are

employed

ever after in life and work. Then

there’s the kind of pop

ularity that appears

in adolescence: status

born of

power and even

dishonorable

behavior.

受欢迎是社会心理学中一个已经深入探讨过的话题。

Mitch Prinstein

是个临床

心理学教授。

他爸受欢迎分为两类：

可爱的人和追求地位的人。

这些可爱 的人身

上具备的交际花的性格特点可以增强校园友谊，

快速推进 人际交往的技能，

如果

开发的早的话，

甚至日后的生活和工作都能加以利用。

接下来有一种在青春期出

现的受欢迎的类型：来自控制力甚至不光彩的行为获得的地位。

Enviable

as

the

cool

kids

may

have

seemed,

Dr.

Prinstein’s

studies

show

unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as

those least liked in elementary school, are

“most likely to engage

（< /p>

从事

）

in dangerous

and

risky behavior.”

这些所谓耍酷的年轻人也许看上去令人 羡慕，

但

Prinstein

博士研究 的成果表明

会有令人不快的后果。

那些中学地位最高的，

小学最不受欢迎的人极有可能做些

危险甚至冒险的事情。

In

one

study,

Dr.

Prinstein

examined

the

two

types

of

popularity

in

235

adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on

student surveys

< br>（

调查研究

）

.

“We found that the least well

-liked teens had become

more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in

status.

It

clearly

showed

that

while

likability

can

lead

to

healthy

adjustment,

high

status has just the opposite effect on us.

在一项研究中，

Prinstein

博士对

235

名青少年进行了这两种受欢迎的测试，依

据学生调查得分如下：最不受人喜欢的，最受欢迎的人，地位最高的人。

“我们

发现最不受欢迎的

13-19

的人在过去对同学的相处中变得更具攻击性，但是那些

地位高的人也一样。