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第六讲
由“表”析“理”,成就图表类
李仕才
写作
一、题型特点
1.
< br>图表类书面表达常以曲线图形式、
流程图形式、
柱形图形
式、饼式图形式、数据表格形式
及平面图形式出现。
这类题型具
有文字少、信息简洁、要点分散等特征。图表类书面表达在
近年的高考中时有出现,
p>
主要是一些关于情况调查、生产、销售、发展进程等各种项目统计
的
示意图。
2.
图表作文主要是介绍或
说明某方面的情况,文体上属于说明文。
3.
考生应按照说明文的形式和特点来进行写作。
由于这类试题文字少、
信息简洁,
如果只是
把图表中的内容一点一点地记
叙出来,
进行清单式的罗列,
就会索然乏味,
< br>并且达不到字数
要求。
因此,对于这类形式的书面表达,
考生首先要根据图表前的文字说明,弄清楚图表的
性质、内容、
规律。
二、写作技巧
1.
细读图表,抓住特征
图表中的数据信息往往较多,
首先要读懂其中的符号和数字所代表的意思。
然后,
从图表的
整体着手,
认真分析各项数据,
抓住其主要特征,
弄懂它们所
揭示的规律。
经常使用的词汇
有:
ta
ble
,
chart
,
figure
,
graph
,
describe
,
tell
,
show
,
repr
esent
等。
2.
认真审读,确定主题
认真审读试题所提供的数据信息,
结合文字提示,
确定短文的主题。
短文的主题往往隐含在
图表中,需要考生从图
表数据中概括出事情或事件的规律和特征,然后归纳出主题。有时,
试题给出了短文的题
目,也就等于为考生点明了主题。
3.
巧用数据,突出主题
引用数据说明基本趋势,
比较数据揭示基本特征。
由于图表中的数据信息较多,
写作时要巧
妙地引用一些数据来说
明主题,
不要作任何发挥。
表达时,既要包含所有要点,但又不
能面
面俱到。经常使用的词汇有:
rise
,
drop
,
reduce
,
increase
,
decrease
,
fall
,
p>
while
,
1
but
,
on
the
contrary
,
however
,
compare...to/
with...
,
in
contrast
to
,
as...as
,
the
same
as
,
similar
to
,
different
from
,
difference <
/p>
between
,
among
,
more
than
,
less
than
等。
4.
词句多变,表达灵活
由于图表数据比较单调,很容易使人选用相同的词语
和句式进行表达,
结果文章显得很乏味。
因此,
写作时要尽量避免重复使用同一词语或句型,
选择一些异曲同工
的词语和句式来表达。
5.
适当发挥,表明观点
图表类书面表达有时要求考生在对数据进行分析、
对比后,
简单地谈谈自己的看法或提出建
议,
这属于让考生自主
发挥的部分,
更是短文最精彩的部分。
考生要在该部分陈述自己
的看
法,
表明自己的观点,
提出解决问
题的方法或建议。
表述观点时,
可以引用人们普遍的观点,
p>
也可说出自己独到的见解。借题发挥时,
不可偏离主题,
只要把观点表述清楚即可,不必作
更多的解释或说明。经常使用的词有:<
/p>
in
a
word
,
in
short
,
generally
speaking
,It’s
clear
from
the
chart
that...
,
we
can
draw
the
conclusion
that...
,
we
can
learn/know...
等。
【典例示范】
(2017·江苏卷
)
请认真阅读下面有关我国电影票房收入
(box-office
income)
的柱状图及相关文
字,并按照要求用英语写一篇
150
词左右的文章。
Saturday
Afternoon
.
In
a
Shopping
Center
.
Li Jiang<
/p>
:
Hi
,
Su
movie shall we see?
Su
Hua
:
’re
got
so
many
choices,
Kung
Fu
Yoga
,
Journey
to
the
West
……Each
sounds
great!
Li Jiang
:
Yeah
!
And some movie stars
are fantastic.
Su Hua: And the high-
tech
!
...
Li Jiang
:
Perfect
!Let’s
get some food only have 20 minutes
left.
Su
Hua
:
No cinema is on the
same Day in 2016.
At
Home
.
Son
< br>:
Mum
,
shall we
go and see a film tonight?
2
Mother
:
Why
bother
?We
can
stay
at
home
and
watch
films
’s
convenient
with
our new and fast
network.
Son
:
But
it feels good in a cinema.
Mother
:
And the
have to pay 50
yuan
a
ticket.
Son
:
Only
10
yuan
more than last year.
Mother
:But still we cannot
get the money’s films are just
boring...
[
写作内容
]
1.
用约
30
个单词概述柱状图信息
的主要内容;
2.
我国电影票房收入
变化的原因有哪些,简要谈谈你的看法
(
上述对话仅供参考,原
因不少
于两点
)
;
3.
谈谈你对我国电影票房收入走向的看法,并简要说明
理由。
[
写作要求
]
1.
写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;
< br>2.
作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;
3.
不必写标题。
[
评分标准
]
内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。
[
参考范文
1
]
The box-office income of Chinese movies
witnessed a constant increase from about
17 billion
yuan
in 2012 to over 40 billion in 2015. However, that
increase slowed
down in 2016.
The
reasons
behind
this
are
various.
The
fast
economic
development
before
2016
was
probably the most powerful engine
driving the constant growth in the box-office
income.
The
application
of
new
technologies
and
the
wide
appeal
of
movie
stars
could
also
account for
the increase.
However,
China saw a decline
in its
economic growth
rate
last
year.
And
the
Internet
increased
options
for
movie
lovers.
Consequently,
some viewers
began to turn away from cinemas, leading to a
slower growth.
China’s economy is
expected to grow
at a medium speed in
the coming years, so an
increase
is
possible
in
the
investment
in
the
movie
industry
and
the
number
of
quality
movies. Therefore, its box-office
income will probably enjoy a slight increase.
3
[
参考
范文
2
]
As is
indicated in the graph, the box-office income of
Chinese films increased
constantly
from
2012
to
2015,
but
its
growth,
for
one
reason
or
another,
slowed
down
in 2016.
The
increase
in
the
box-office
income
can
be
attributed
to
a
number
of
factors.
The
quality of life has improved and
watching films is regarded as a good means of
entertainment.
Besides,
filming
technology
has
advanced
and
more
quality
films
are
on
offer. Moreover, the Internet plays an important
part. On the Internet, people
can seek
information about their favorite stars and buy
tickets at a discount as
well, which is
both time-saving and economical.
However, the film market may witness a
slowdown in the near future. Cinemas have
gradually
given
way
to
the
rise
of
the
Internet
and
cellphones,
and
the
ticket
price
is on the increase. Therefore, the film
industry should make greater efforts to
attract more viewers.
能力提升练
1
(2015·江苏卷
)
请阅读下面文字及图表,并按照要求用
英语写一篇
150
词左右的文章。
other day
,
a
netizen (
网民
) shared a photo
on Sina was about an old
lady standing
in front of a car that was on a bicycle
lane
,
and insisting that it
leave
the
photo
drew
about
7
,
000
comments
on
the
social
media
e
the thumbs-up (
点赞
) given to
the old lady
,
some argued
that
attention should be paid to our
heavy road traffic.
riders
of
e-bikes
and
bicycles
come
and
go
in
all
directions
,
ignoring
traffic
lights
and
other
rude
riding
contributes
to
the
disorder
of
the avoidable road accidents become
unavoidable.
2005
to
2014
,
the
total
number
of
private
cars
in
China
rose
sharply
from
32
million
to
154
tly
,China
had
15%
of
the
world’s
total vehicles.
[
写作内容
]
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