葡萄酒品种及品尝术语(中英对照)

(

雷司令

)---Riesling is the classic grape of Germany and produces wines with crisp fruit

flavor. The wines can range from pale green & fragile to sharp & golde

n with luscious exotic flavors; from

dry to sweet. Riesling thrives in the cooler climates of Australia & California. This is a wine that can be

drunk quite young but also has the potential to age for many years. To understand the influences that soil

and climate have over a grape com

pare the Rieslings from Petaluma in Australia to Chateau Ste. Michelle

in Washington and taste the difference.

< /p>

薏丝琳

(

雷司令

)

是德国的经典葡萄，酿制而成的葡萄酒具有清脆的水果味。薏丝琳葡萄酒具有从淡绿色 、易脆直到金

黄、口感尖锐，有光泽而又味道新奇的品种，口味干燥或偏甜。薏丝琳生长 于澳大利亚和加州凉爽的气候中。此种葡

萄酒在年份非常浅时便可饮用，但也适于珍藏多 年。比较来自澳大利亚葡萄之路和华盛顿圣密夕庄园的薏丝琳葡萄酒

之间的不同口味，可 以清楚地感受到不同的土壤和气候条件对同一种葡萄的不同影响。

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Flavor characteristics:

Crisp green apples,

spiced

baked apples, orange, lime, passion fruit, honey and

toast.

口味特征：

清脆的青苹果，麻辣的烤 苹果味，橘子味，石灰，热带水果，蜂蜜和吐丝。

Semillon

瑟美戎

---In France, Semillon, is responsible for Bordeaux's greatest dry whites, as well as

making many of the world's greatest sweet wines and is planted in virtually all of the worlds wine regions.

Semillon is used on its own and quite often it is blended with Chardonnay or Sauvignon Blanc. A very

good example of this grape is Ginestet AOC Bordeaux Blanc, just click on the wine label for tasting notes

and pricing.

在法国，瑟美戎是波尔多最上等的白葡萄 种类，同样也是用于酿制世界上许多一流的甜酒的葡萄品种，种植于几乎世

界上所有的葡 萄酒地区。瑟美戎经常与莎当妮或白苏维翁混合而不是其他葡萄品种。

澳大利亚葡萄之路集团下面所

拥有的舍尔法末庄园所酿制的瑟美戎白葡萄酒便是 令人振奋的一例。此种葡萄酒是由白苏维翁和瑟美戎葡萄混合酿制

而成，口味独特。

Flavor characteristics:

Grass, citrus, honey, toast, lanolin.

口味特征：

青草

,

柑橘

,

蜂蜜

,

土司，羊毛脂。

FINE WINES

?

Tasting Terms (

品酒术语

)

Acid:

Present in all grapes and necessary in preserving wine. Acid is perceived in wine by a crisp, sharp

characteristic.

酸味：

存 在于所有的葡萄中，是保存葡萄酒的必须组成部分。酸味在葡萄酒中的表现特征为脆而麻辣

After-taste:

The taste of wine lingering in the mouth after the wine has been swallowed. See FINISH.

回味

：

在吞 咽下酒之后喉间酒味萦回的味道。请参阅余味。

Aromatic:

Describes a simple, often fruity smell or flavour present in young wine. See BOUQUET.

芳香 ：

口感强烈花香浓郁的葡萄品种，橡木陈年以及在酒瓶中的变化而

产生的香味。

Astringent:

Mouth-puckering sensation; the result of tannin being present in the wine.

麻辣：

由于丹宁在葡萄酒中的作用而使喉 间受到强烈刺激的感觉。

Balanced:

A positive term describing a wine that flavour, acidity and dryness or sweetness are properly

and harmoniously proportioned.

平衡：

好的术语，描述了在葡萄酒中香味，酸度，干度或甜度的成分均匀而又和谐的体现 。

Body:

The feel of a wine in the mouth, either full or thin. Expressed as Full

-bodied, medium- bodied, or

light-bodied.

酒体：

葡萄酒在口中的感觉

-

或丰满或单薄，可以表达为酒体丰满，酒体均匀或酒体轻盈。

Bouquet:

Com

plex and multi-layered smells or flavours of a wine which develop as they are bottled

&

aged.

< br>酒香

：葡萄酒在装瓶陈年的过程中所形成的复杂而又多层次的味道和感觉。

Clean:

A wine with no noticeable defects; no off-smells or tastes.

干净

：

没有可察觉的缺点，没有难闻的味道。

Complex:

A

com

plimentary

term,

which

suggests

that

the

wine

present many,

layers

&

flavors.

Wine

makers strive for com

plexity in fine wines.

复杂 ：

好的术语，表明了葡萄酒有很多层次和味道。酿酒师尽其所能在酿制过程中达到口味多 样复杂的程度。

Concentrated:

Intense flavor.

浓郁：

强烈的香味。

Corked:

Distinctive taste or smell in wine resulting from a moldy or tainted cork.

瓶塞味：

葡萄酒中由于 变质受到污染，产生异常的口味。

Crisp:

Positively refreshing, perceptible acidity (Especially whites).

清爽：

非常新鲜，明显的酸味

(

特 别是白葡萄酒

)

。

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Cuvee:

Blend of grapes or special selection.

特酿：

葡萄的混合或特殊精选。

Delicate:

Positive term to describe a light wine or medium wine with good flavor that is well-made and

elegant.

精致：

描绘了清淡或均匀的葡萄酒酿制得当，口味优雅。

Fermentation:

Process

by

which

sugar is

converted

by

yeast into

alcohol

&

carbon

dioxide

by

which

grape juice becomes wine.

< /p>

发酵

：由于酵母的作用，糖份转化为酒精。

葡萄汁经此变成葡萄酒。

Finish:

Also called after- taste referring to the length & impression the wine leaves. Full or thin? Short or

long? Sweet, acidic, tannic or fruity?

回味

：品尝葡萄酒后所得的印象。饱满或单薄、长或短、甜、酸 、富有单宁或果香浓郁。

Firm

: Good perceptible tannin or acid.

坚实

：容易上口的单宁味或酸味。

Fresh:

Lively, clean with fruity flavor, an important characteristic for young wines.

新鲜

： 生动，干净，果实香味，是新酒的一种重要特征。

Fruity

: A wine with strong fruit flavor and aromas.

果香浓郁：

具有强烈的果香味的葡萄酒。

Full or Full Bodied:

A wine with a considerable amount of body.

饱满：

富有一定数量酒体的葡萄酒。

Green:

Tasting of unripe fruit, very agreeable in Riesling & Gewurztraminer.

生涩：

未成熟的果实味道。在薏丝琳和格乌兹来妮葡萄酒中非常和谐。

Hard:

Firm, resulting from high acidity or tannins.

涩口：

由于酸度和丹宁含量高而引起的麻辣的感觉。

Length:

Refers to the length of time and wine lingers after swallowing, the longer the better.

余味：

在吞咽下葡萄酒之后味道在嘴里萦回的时间长度。越长越好。

Light; Light-bodied:

A wine with relatively little body.

轻盈

< br>或

酒体轻盈：

相对而言酒体比较单薄的葡萄酒。

Mature:

Ready to drink.

成熟：

可以饮用。

Mellow:

Soft in the mouth, sometimes an euphemism for sweet.

柔和：

口感和谐。有时实为甜味的委婉说法。

M

outh-Feel:

The physical impact of nose. The smell of a wine, also called aroma and bouquet.

口感：

葡萄酒及其成分在喉咙内的具体感官表现力。

Non-Vintage:

A wine without a fixed year usually blende

d with many.

无酿制年份：

没有具体年份的葡萄酒 ，通常是由不同年份的葡萄混合而酿制出来的。

Nose:

The smell of a wine; also called aroma and bouquet.

酒味：

鼻子闻酒的感受。葡萄酒的味道，也指香味。

Oak/Oaky:

The smell and taste of oak in a wine derived from contacting with barrels.

橡木

/

橡木的：

在葡萄酒陈年的过程中，由 于酒与橡木桶接触而产生的带有橡木的香味和口感。

Rich:

Having generous, rich, pleasant flavors.

丰富：

富有多样，丰富，愉快的香味。

Round:

A wine with balance, flavor & body with non-dominating or absent, no hard edges, ready to

drink.

圆润：平衡的酒体，不涩口的味道，没有坚硬的感觉。

Sediment:

A natural by

–

product de

posited in wine during bottle aging.

沉淀：

一种在葡萄酒陈年的过程中所形成的葡萄酒的自然成分。

Soft:

Smooth without much tannin.

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柔和：

滑爽，不含太多的单宁。

Tannin:

Derived from the skins, seeds, stems & oak barrels, found mostly in red wine, tannins give wine

its mouth-puckering fee but also acts as a natural preservative & helps wine develop and age.

丹宁：

从葡萄皮，葡萄籽，葡萄藤以及橡木桶中衍生 出来的物质。存在于红葡萄酒中。丹宁赋予葡萄酒口涩的感觉，

但也起天然保护剂的作用 ，并帮助葡萄酒陈年。

Tart:

Sharp tasting due to high acidity.

涩感：

由于高酸度而引起的尖锐的口感。

Variety:

The type of grape used in making a wine.

葡萄品种：

酿制一种葡萄酒过程中所采用的葡萄。

Vintage:

The year in which the grapes were picked and the wine made.

酿制年份：

摘取葡萄以及酿制葡萄酒的当年。

?

Grape Varieties

(

葡萄品种

)

Red Grapes (

红葡萄

)

Cabernet sauvignon

加本力苏维翁（赤霞珠

)---It is the most recognizable and most versatile of the red

wine grapes. The Cabernet Sauvignon grape with its thick skin thrives in warm climates and is grown

throughout the world. This grape is late ripening, which makes it the slowest wine to mature. It needs

time

to

age

in

oak

or

bottle

and

is

at

its

best

blended

with

Merlot.

In

Bordeaux

the

percentages

of

Cabernet Sauvignon to Merlot may vary from Chateau to Chateau but the influence of the grape is always

predominate. A very good example of this grape is Chateau Cos d'Estournel.

是红葡萄品种中最为著名最为

丰富 多彩的一种。加本力苏维翁葡萄皮较厚，生长于温暖的气候，在世界各地都有种植。此葡萄成熟较晚，并且需要< /p>

时间在橡木桶中或酒瓶中进行陈年，如与梅洛葡萄混合则口味最佳。在波尔多地区加本力苏 维翁和梅洛的混合比例在

每个古堡皆有可能不同，但此种葡萄酒的影响是深远悠长的。< /p>

Flavor characteristics

: Black currant, cedar, green pepper, mint, dark chocolate, tobacco, olives

口味特征：

黑加仑， 雪松，青辣椒，薄荷味，黑巧克力味，烟草味，橄榄味。

Merlot

梅洛

---The basis for many fine, very aromatic wines. Merlot is similar to Cabernet Sauvignon,

but it is less tannic and has less intense blackberry flavor. It produces a softer, plum

per, juicier, earlier

maturing wine. Merlot's homeland started in Bordeaux where the most sought after Merlot based wines

are from the Pomerol and St-Emilion regions in France. Either used as a blending partner or on its own,

Merlot is very much a wine of our times and enjoys enormous popularity throughout the world. A very

good example of this grape is Summerfield Merlot.

是多种芳香四溢的精品葡萄酒的基本葡萄品 种。梅洛与加本力苏维翁葡萄品种很相似，但单宁味较轻，黑草莓的味道

也不是很强烈。 此种葡萄品种所酿制的葡萄酒更为柔和，果汁味浓，较为早熟。梅洛葡萄起源于波尔多地区，而最为

人们所赞赏熟识的梅洛葡萄酒来自于法国的勃梅龙和圣特米隆地区。不管是与其他葡萄混合或是单独酿 制成葡萄酒，

梅洛都是一种现代时尚的葡萄品种，享誉中外。金州夏野梅洛红是一个非常 好的例证。

Flavor characteristics:

Similar to Cabernet Sauvignon but with more plum and rose than blackcurrants,

more spice and rich fruit cake with less mint.

口味特征：加本力苏维翁葡萄的口味相近，但李子和玫瑰的味道浓于黑加仑，更加麻辣，具有丰富的水果蛋糕味， 薄

荷味较淡。

Shiraz or syrah

设拉子或设拉

---In Australia it is Shiraz and it tends to taste richer, riper and more

full-bodied than France's Syrah blende

d wines such as Chateauneuf du Pape from Rhone, even though

they are the same grape. Very few Australian producers do not make a Shiraz wine of some sort. It is the

country's most planted wine grape variety. This is a wine that has ea

rly drinking appeal and yet has the

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