-
英语学习讲义
专题训练
对应学生用书
P071
[1]
(2019·
全国卷
Ⅱ
)
Bacteria are an annoying problem
for astronauts. The
microorganisms(
微生物
)
from our bodies grow uncontrollably on
surfaces of the International Space Station, so
astronauts spend hours cleaning them up
each week. How is NASA overcoming this
very tiny big problem? It's turning to
a bunch of high school kids. But not just any
kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH
high school classrooms, like the one science
teachers Gene Gordon and Donna
Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in
Fairport, New York.
HUNCH is
designed to connect high school classrooms with
NASA engineers.
For the past two years,
Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill
bacteria in
zero gravity, and they
think they're close to a
solution(
解决方案
).
“
We don't give the
students any breaks. They have to do it
just like NASA engineers
，”
says Florence
Gold,
a project manager.
“
There are no
tests
，”
Gordon says.
“
There is no graded
homework. There
almost are no grades,
other than
‘
Are you working towards
your goal
？’
Basically,
it's
‘
I've got to
produce this product and then, at the end of the
year,
present it to
NASA.
’
Engineers come and
really do an in-
person review,
and...it's not
a very nice thing at
times. It's a hard business review of your
product.
”
Gordon
says the HUNCH program has an
impact(
影响
) on college
admissions
and practical life skills.
“These kids are so absorbed in their studies that
I just sit back.
I don't teach.”
And that annoying bacteria?
Gordon says his students are emailing
daily with NASA engineers about the
problem, readying a workable solution to test in
space.
【语篇解读】
本文体裁为记叙文。
主题语境为人与社会，
主
题语境内容为
科技发展。
美国国家航空航天局创办了一个名为<
/p>
HUNCH
的项目，
一群高中生在
项目中研究如何杀死国际空间站的细菌。本文侧重培养学生的思维品质。
1
．
What do we
know about the bacteria in the International Space
Station?
好好努力
梦想终会实现
1
英语学习讲义
A
．
They are hard
to get rid of.
B
．
They lead to
air pollution.
C
．
They appear in
different forms.
D
．
They damage the
instruments.
解析
细
节理解题。本题题干意为
“
我们对国际空间站的细菌的了解有哪
些？
”
根据题干中的关键词
bacteria in the International Space Station< /p>
可定位至第
一段。根据第一段中
“
Bacteria
are
an
annoying
problem
for
astronauts.
The
microorganisms(
微生物
)
from
our
bodies
grow
uncontrollably
on
surfaces
of
the
International Space Station, so
astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.
”
可知，国际空间站的细菌非常难处理，所以选择
A
项。
B.
它们导致空气污
染；
C.
它们以不同的形式出现；
D.
它们毁坏仪器。
答案
A
2
．
What is the
purpose of the HUNCH program?
A
．
To strengthen
teacher-
student relationships.
B
．
To sharpen
students' communication skills.
C
．
To allow
students to experience zero gravity.
D
．
To link space
technology with school education.
解析
推理判断题。
< br>本题题干意为
“
HUNCH
项目
的目的是什么？
”
第二段
第一句
“
HUNCH
is
designed
to
connect
high
school
classrooms
with
NASA
enginee
rs.(HUNCH
的设计目的是将高中教室与
NASA
的工程师联系在一起。
)
”
< br>中的
“
high
school
classrooms
”
与
D
选项中的
school
education(
学校教育
)
对应，
“
NAS
A engineers
”
与
D
选项中的
space technology(
空间技术
)
对应，故选
D
。
A.
为
了加强师生关系
；
B.
为了提升学生的交流技能；
C.
为了让学生体验失重。
答案
D
3
．
What do the
NASA engineers do for the students in the program?
A
．
Check their
product.
好好努力
梦想终会实现
2
英语学习讲义
B
．
Guide project
designs.
C
．
Adjust
work schedules.
D
．
Grade their
homework.
解析
推理判断
题。
本题题干意为
“
NASA
的工程师为参加此项目的学生做
了些什么？
”<
/p>
根据题干中的
NASA
engineers
do
可定位至第
三段的
“
Engineers
come and really do an
in-
person review, and... it's not a
very nice thing at times. It's a
hard
business
review
of
your
product.<
/p>
”
句中两次出现
review(
检查，审查
)
，证明
N
ASA
的工程师做的事情就是对学生做出的研究结果进行检查，所以答案是
A
项。
B.
指导项目设计；
C.
调整工作时间表；
D.
给他们的作业打分。
答案
A
4
．
What is the
best title for the text?
A
．<
/p>
NASA
：
The Home of
Astronauts
B
．
Spac
e
：
The Final Homework
Frontier
C
．
Nature
：
An Outdoor Classroom
D
．
HUNCH
：
A College Admission Reform
解析
主旨大意题。
< br>本题题干意为
“
最适合本文的标题是什么？
”
本文主要
介绍
HUNCH
项目，
这个项目是有关太空研究的，
而
且研究者都是高中生。
根据
以上要点可知，最佳选项是
B
项
(Space
：<
/p>
The Final Homework Frontier)
，
Space
对
应太空研究，
Homework
对应高中教育，
Frontie
r(
前沿
)
突出了这个项目的领先性。
A.
NASA
：
The
Home
of
Astronaut
s
，文章并非重点介绍
NASA;
C
．
Nature
：
An
Outdoor Classroom, Nature
并不聚焦太空领域；
：
A
College Admission
Reform
，
HUNCH
项目不是大学入学改革。
答案
B
[2]
(2019·
全国卷
Ⅲ
)
Before
the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through
annual subscriptions in
好好努力
梦想终会实现
3