-
英语六级阅读真题长难句解析
(1)
1.
She recalls watching the ship, brightly lit,
slipping into its dark grave - and
into
seeming
nothingness,
rarely
mentioned
for
more
than
half
a
century.
(2004.
阅
读
. 6. Text 1)
【译文】她回忆起看着轮船被火光
照亮，慢慢沉入漆黑的墓穴，最后永远消失。这场悲
剧半个世纪以来极少被提起。
【析句】
英语句子中存在多个动词时，
常大量使用分词，
保证句子中只有一个谓语动词。
本句中主句是
She
recalls watching the ship,recall
是谓语动词，后
面的一系列分词
lit,slipping,
mentioned
的主语都是
the
ship
，通过动作与
the ship
的主动被动关系决
定使用的是现在分词还是过去分词。在现在分词
slipping
后跟有两个并列的
into
短语。
2.
Now
Germany's
Nobel
Prize-winning
author
Gunter
Grass
has
revived
the
memory
of the
9,000 dead, including more than 4,000 children -
with his latest novel Crab
Walk,
published last month. (2004.
阅读
. 6. Text 1)
【译文】如今，德国诺贝尔奖作家冈特·格拉斯用上个月最新
出版的《蟹行》一书重新
将这份惨烈的记忆——
9000
人死亡，其中有
4000
是儿童——在人们心
中唤起。
【析句】复合句。主句
Ginter Grass has
revived the memory of the 9000
dead
是
主句，
Germany's
Nobel
Prize-winning
< br>author
作主语的同位语。
including
more
than
4,000 <
/p>
children
是现在分词作定语。
最
后，
破折号后，
with
his
latest
novel
published
last
month
作伴随状语。
3. Few
MacArthur Prize fellows, winners of the MacArthur
Award for creative
accomplishment,
had
good
things
to
say
about
their
precollegiate
schooling
if
they
had not been placed in advanced
programs. (2004.
阅读
. 6. Text
2)
【译文】
< br>麦克亚瑟奖是为那些做出创造性成就的人设立的。
那些很早就被安排参加高级
课程的获奖者很少有人对大学前的教学做出正面评价。
【析句】复合句。主句
FewMacArthur Prize
fellows had good things to say about
their precollegiate
schooling
，
winners of the
MacArthur Award for...
作主句主
语<
/p>
...fellows
的同位语。
在主句
后，
if
引导条件状语从句表明
few
had
good
things
to
say...
的前提。
英语六级阅读真题长难句解析
(2)
1. Richard Satava, program manager for
advanced medical technologies, has been a
driving force in bringing virtual
reality to medicine, where computers create a
“virtual”
or
simulated
environment
for
surgeons
and
other
medical
practitioners.
(2003.
阅读
. 12. Text 4)
【译文】
高级医学技术项目部经理理
查德·塞塔瓦是将虚拟现实技术引进医学领域的先
驱。在该领域，电脑为外科医生和其他
医护人员创造出一种虚拟或模拟情景。
【析句】
复合句。
< br>主句
Richard
Stava
has
been
a
driving
force
in...,program
manager
for advanced medical
technologies
作主语
Richard Satav
a
的同位语。主句后，
where
引导
定语从句修饰
medicine
。
2. As surgeons
watch a three-dimensional image of the surgery,
they move
instruments
that
are
connected
to
a
computer,
which
passes
their
movements
to
robotic
instruments that
perform the surgery. (2003.
阅读
. 12. Text 4)
【译文】外科艺术一边观察手术的三维影像，
一边移动与电脑相连的工具，并通过这个
工具将他们的动作传递给正在操作手术
的机器手。
【析句】包含多个从句的复合句。主句
they move i
nstruments,
后面是
that
引导定语
从句修饰
instruments
< br>，主句前
as
引导时间状语从句，主句后，
which passes their
movements
to
robotic instruments
作非限制
性定语从
句，而这一从句中，
robotic
instruments
后又有<
/p>
that
引导的定语从句修饰。
3.
During
these
proc
edures
—
operations
that
are
done
through
small
cuts
in
the
body in which a miniature camera and
surgical tools are
maneuvered
—
surgeons are
wearing 3-D glasses for a better
view.(2003.
阅读
. 12. Text 4)
【译文】
在这些手术过程中——通过患者身体里被操控的微型相机和手术工具进行微创
手术——为
了更好地观察，外科医生们使用
3D
眼镜。
【析句】复合句。主句
During these
procedures surgeons are wearing...view,
破
折号中间
operations
是
these
procedures
的同位语，
that are done
through small cuts
in
the
body
作
operations
的定语从句，且定语从句中
the
body<
/p>
后也有介词
+which
引导的
定语从句修饰即
in which a miniature
camera and surgical tools are
maneuvered
。
英语六级阅读真题长难句解析
(3)
1. An examination of the history of
humanity suggested that man in our epoch is so
different from man in
previous
times that it
seemed unrealistic
to assume that men
in
every
age
have
had
in
common
something
that
can
be
called
“human
nature.”
(2003.
阅读
. 12. Text 3)
【译文】一项针对历史上人性的研究显示，现代人与过去的人
截然不同，因此，认为不
同年代的人们拥有共同之处即所谓的“人性”似乎是不现实的。
【析句】复合句。主句
An examination of
the history of humanity suggested+
宾
语
从
句
。
宾
语
从
句
< br>中
，
主
句
是
man...is
so
different
from
man...that
it
seemed
unrealistic to assume
that...
，包含短语
so...that...,
短语中
that
引导结果状语从句
it seemed unrealistic to assume...,
而
assume
后
that
引导宾语从句
men had something
in common,
因为
somet
hing
后有定语从句
that can be called
...
修饰，所以把
something
放在了
in common
之后。
2. The study of
primitive peoples has discovered such a diversity
of customs,
values,
feelings,
and
thoughts
that
many
anthropologists
arrived
at
the
concept
that
man
is
born
as
a
blank
sheet
of
paper
on
which
each
culture
writes
its
text.
(2003.
阅读
. 12. Text 3)
【译文】对原始民族的研究已经发现存在着多种多样的习俗、
价值观、情感和思想，因
此许多人类学家得出这样的观点：人生来是一张白纸，各族文化
在上面书写自己的内容。
【析句】复合句。主句是
The study of
primitive peoples has discovered such a
diversity
of...that...,
包含短语
such...tht...
，
that
这里引导结果状语从句。在结果
状语
从句中，
主句是
many
anthropologists
arrived
at
the
concept,that
man
is
as
a
blank
sheet of
paper
作
the
concept
的同位语从句，而
a blank sheet
of paper
后有定语从句
修饰。
3.
Another
factor
contributing
to
the
tendency
to
deny
the
assumption
of
a
fixed
human
nature
was
that
the
concept
has
so
often
been
abused
as
a
shield
behind
which
the most inhuman acts
are committed. (2003.
阅读
.
12. Text 3)
【译文
】
还有一个因素强化了这种否认一成不变的人性存在的趋势，
这
个因素就是一成
不变的人性这种观点经常被滥用，成为为多数残忍行为辩解的挡箭牌。<
/p>
【析句】复合句。主句
Another
factor
was
that..
.,
这里，
that
引导表语从句。主
句
主语
another
factor
后
contributing to the
tendency
是现在分词作定语，
to deny the
assumption...
是不定式作定语修饰
the
tendency
。而在表语从句中，主句
the
concept
has
so often been abused as a
shiled
，
a shiled
后有
which
引导的定语从句修饰。
英语六级阅读真题长难句解析
(4)
1. At some point, while researchers
work on figuring out where the truth lies,
it just makes sense to say the
potential benefit outweighs the cost. (2003.
阅读
.
12. Text 1)
【译文】在某种程度上，尽管研究
者们仍在努力研究意图发现维他命所起效果的真相，
但是维他命对人体可能有的益处物超
所值这种说法是有道理的。
【析句】复合句。主句
it makes sense to
say,
后面是省略了
that
的宾
语从句
the
potential
benefit
outweighs
the
cost.
主句前，
while
引导让步状语从句，
figurin
g
out
后
where the
truth lies
作宾语从句。
2. It’s been proved to
limit the number of defects in embryos, and a
recent
trial found that folate in
combination with vitamin B 12 and a form of B6
also
decreases
the
re-blockage
of
arteries
after
surgical
repair.
(2003.
阅读
.
12.
Text
1)
【译文】维他命已被证明能够减少
胚胎的缺陷，并且最新试验证明叶酸和维生素
B12
以
及
B16
的一种一起服用也能降低手术修复后动
脉血管堵塞的可能性。
【析句】主句由
and
连接两个并列句，首先是
It's
been proved to limit
the number
of
defects
in
embryos,
it
作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构，然后是
a
recent
trial
found+
宾语从句
that folate in
combination with...decreases the re-blockage
of...,
注意
in
combination
with
用在句子中，谓语动词的单复数看前面的名词。
3.
There
were
various
views
about
what
constitutes
it,
but
there
was
agreement
that such an
essence exists
—
that is to
say, that there is something by virtue of
which man is man. (2003.
阅读
. 12. Text 3)
【译文】关于人性是由什么组成的，人们众说纷纭，但是人们
一致同意，人性中存在着
某种本质，正是这种本质特性是人之所以为人的原因。
【析句】主句由
but
连接的两个成转折关系的并列句构成。前句是
There
were
various
views
about+
宾语从句，简单句。后句主句
there was
agreement, that such an essence
exists
，
that there
is something
同作
agreement
的同位语从句，两个并列的同位语从句
间，
tha
t is to say
作插入语。
by virtue of
which man is man
在后一同位语从句中作定
语
从句修饰
something.
英语六级阅读真题长难句解析
(5)
1. Connected to a wave-front sensor
that tracks and measures the course of a laser
beam
into
the
eye
and
back,
the
aluminum
mirror
detects
the
deficiencies
of
the
cornea,
the transparent protective layer
covering the lens of the human eye. (2003.
阅读
.
6. Text 4)
【译文】
通过与跟踪并测量激光射入眼中并反射回来的路径的波前感受器相连，
铝制镜
片能够检测到眼角膜的缺陷，眼角膜是覆盖在眼球上一层透明的起保护作用的薄膜。
【析句】主句
the alumium mirror
detects the deficiencies of the
cornea,
主句
后，
the
transpartent protective
layer...
作
the
cornea
的同位语短语，其中
covering
the lens of the human
eye
是现在分词作定语修饰
the
transparent...layer,
而主句前，
connected to a wave-
front sensor...
是过去分词作主句主语
the
aluminum
的定语，而
a
wave-front sensor
后有
that
引导的定语从句修饰。
2.
The highly
precise data from the two instruments - which,
Bille hopes, will
one day be
found at the opticians all over the world - serve
as a basis for the
production
of
completely
individualized
contact
lenses
that
correct
and
enhance
the
wearer's vision. (2003.
阅读
. 6. Text 4)
【译文】
比利希望，
未来这两种仪器收集到的高度精确的数据能为全世界的眼镜商所用，
为生产完全
个性化且能矫正和提高佩戴者视力的隐形眼镜打下基础。
【析句】
主句
The
highly
precise
data
serve
as
basis
for
the
production
o...contact
lenses,
破折号后，
which
will one day be found at the
opticians...
作定语从句修饰
the
two
instruments,
同
时
也
作
Bi
lle
hopes
的
宾
语
从
句
。
< br>而
主
句
中
the
wearer's...contact lenses
后有
that
引导的定语从句修饰。
3.
By
day,
Bille's
contact
lenses
will
focus
rays
of
light
so
accurately
on
the
retina that the image of a small leaf
or the outline of a far distant tree will be
formed with a sharpness that surpasses
that of conventional vision aids by almost
half a diopter. (2003.
阅读
. 6. Text 4)
【译文】白天，比利发明的隐形眼镜能够将光线精确地汇聚到
视网膜上，
即使是一枚小
树叶，
或是远
处树的轮廓也能在眼中形成清晰的图像，
而且这种清晰度要比佩戴传统的眼镜
高出约半个屈光度。
【析句】主句
Bille's contact lenses
will focus rays of light so accurately on
the retina that the image of...will be
formed with a sharpness,
主句的主干结构是
so...that...,that
引导结果状语从句。而且在从句中，
that surpasses that
of...
是
a
shaprness
的定语从句，
第一个
that
是定语从句的引导词，
第二个
that
替代
the
sharpness
。
英语六级阅读真题长难句解析
(6)
1. The notion that learning should have
in it an element of inspired play would
seem to the greater part of the
academic establishment merely silly, but that is
nonetheless the case. (2003.
阅读
. 6. Text 2)
【译文】
学习中应该包括具有启发性
的娱乐这一观点对于大部分学术机构而言似乎是愚
蠢的，但事实的确如此。
【析句】
本例句的难点在于寻找主句的主干。
很明显，
主句
由
but
连接两个并列句组成，
but
后的句子
that is nonetheless the
case
是简单句。
but
前的句子主
句是
the notion
would seem
merely silly to the greater part of the academic e
stablishment
，
to
在<
/p>
这里作介词，这一介宾结构提前放在了谓语动词
seem
后，容易让人误以为是短语
seem
to
的用法，结果导致理解失误。最后主句主语
the not
ion
有
that
引导的定语从句修饰
。
2.
Already
the
public
agencies
for
adult
education
are
swamped
by
the
tide
that
has
swept over them since depression began. (2003.
阅读
. 6. Text 3)
【译文】
从事成人教育的公共机构已
经因为经济萧条开始以来席卷全国的趋势而陷入困
境。
【析句】例句
2
的句子结构并不复杂，主句
the
public
agencies
for
adult
education
are swamped by the
tide, that has swept over
them...
作定语从句修饰
the tide,
而
定语从句中，又有
since
引导的时间状语从句，这个时间是修饰
swept
over
这个动作的。
3.
A
new
high-performance
contact
lens
under
development
at
the
department
for
applied
physics
at
the
University
of
Heidelberg
will
not
only
correct
ordinary
vision
defects
but
will
enhance
normal
night
vision
as
much
as
five
times,
making
people's
vision sharper than
that of cats. (2003.
阅读
. 6.
Text 4)
【译文】
海德堡大学应用物理系正在研究的高水平新型隐形眼镜不仅能矫正普通的视力
< br>问题，还能把正常夜间视力提高五倍，使人的视力比猫还要敏锐。
【析句】复合句。主句是
A
new
high-performance
contact
lens
will
not
only
correct
ordinary vision defects but will
enhance normal night vision,
可以看出，主句的主
干是
not
only...but(also)
结构连接前后两个并列句，
contanct
lens
后有几个介词
短语点
明了研究的地点。最后，
making
people's
vision...
是现在分词引导结果状语。
英语六级阅读真题长难句解析
(7)
1. Thus many in the
industrial lands have a sense that their world of
plenty is
somehow
hollow
—
that, misled by a
consumerist culture, they have been fruitlessly
attempting
to
satisfy
what
are
essentially
social,
psychological
and
spiritual
needs
with material things. (2002.
阅读
. 12. Text 4)
【译文】
如此一来，
许多在工业化国家生活的人感觉到他们物质富足的世界从某种意义
上说是贫乏的
——由于受到消费主义文化的误导，他们试图用物质消费满足自己必需的社
会、心理和精
神需求，而这些努力都是白费力气。
【析句】复合句。主句是
thus
many have a sense +that
引导的宾语从句。破折号后，
that
引导
their world of
plenty is somehow hollow
的同位语从句，而同位语从句中，
主句是
they have been
fruitlessly attempting to satisfy...with material
things
，
satisfy
后
what are essentially social...needs
作宾语从句，而主句前，
misled by a
consumerist
culture
是过去分词引导定语从句。
2.
A
new
study
by
Dan
Farmer,
a
gifted
programmer,
using
an
automated
investigative
program of his own called SATAN, shows that the
owners of well over
half of all World
Wide Web sites have set up home without fitting
locks to their
doors. (2003.
阅读
. 6. Text 1)
【译文】
颇有天赋的程序员丹·法莫
使用他命名为“撒旦”的自动探测程序进行一项新
研究。研究结果显示，全球超过半数以
上的互联网用户所建的网络家园没有任何防御措施。
【析句】
复合句。
< br>主句是
A
new
study
by
Dan
Farmer
shows
that...
。
a
gifted
programmer
作
Dan
Farmer
的同位语，
using an
automated investigative program...SATAN
是现在分
词作定语修饰
Dan Farmer
< br>。而主句谓语动词
show
后有
that
引导的宾语从句
the owners
of ...have set up
home...
。
3. But expect it all to
change, and security to become the number one
issue,
when the most influential
inhabitants of
the Net are selling
services
they want
to
be paid for. (2003.
阅读
. 6. Text 1)
【译文】但是我们可以期待，当互联网最具影响力的用户开始
出售收费服务时，一切都
会好转，互联网安全成为首要问题。
【析句】复合句，由主句和从句构成。主句是
expect
it
all
to
change,and
security
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