-
代词的种类及
5
种基本代词的用法
1.
代词的种类
类
别举
例
人称代词
主格
I, you, he,
she, it, we, you, they
宾格
me,
you, him, her, it, us, you, them
物主代词
形容词性物主代词
my,
your, his, her, its, our, your, their
名词性物主代词
mine, yours, his,
hers, its, ours, yours, theirs
反身代词
myself, yourself,
himself, herself, itself,
ourselves, yourselves, themselves,
oneself
相互代词
each other, one
another
指示代词
this, that,
these, those, such
疑问代词
who,
whom, whose, what, which
关系代词
who, whom, whose, which,
that, as, but
不定代词
some, any;
somebody, someone, something;
anybody, anyone, anything;
everybody, everyone, everything;
nobody, no one, nothing;
many, few, a few;
much,
little, a little;
all, both;
each, either;
none, neither;
one;
other, another
2.
人称代词的用法
(1)
人称代词主格在句中作主语：
The
light is bad here. I can’t see clearly.
这儿的光线不好，我看不清。
She hesitated a moment, and then sat
down beside me.
她犹豫了一会儿，然后在我身边坐下来。
We should keep calm even we are in
danger.
即使在危急时刻我们也要保持冷静。
(2)
人称代词宾格在句中作宾语和表语：
There was nobody to tell him, to hint
him, to give him at least a word of advice.
没有人告诉他，或暗示他，或起码给他一句忠告。
(
宾语
)
Are you for it or
against it?
你是赞成还是反对？
(
宾语
)
Oh,
it
’
s you.
啊，是你呀。<
/p>
(
表语
)
If
I were her, I would take the advice.
我要
是她就接受这个建议。
(
表语
)
在并列主语中，
I
总放在最后。如：
You and I
我和你
He and I
我和他
You, he and I
你我他
3.
物主代词的用法
(1)
形容词性物主代词在句中作定语
My
computer has been updated.
我的电脑已经升级了。
She
turned away her eyes.
她把目光移开。
Their
ideals have changed.
他们的理想变了。
(2)
形容词性物主代词与
own
连用表强调
I saw it with my own eyes.
那是我亲眼所见。
Mind
your own business.
不要管闲事。
(3)
名词性物主代词在句中作主语、宾语或表语
Hers is a pretty colorless life.
她的生活是一种相当平淡的生活。
（
主语）
This is your coat. Mine
is in the room.
这是你的外衣。我的在房
间里。
（主语）
She would
shut herself up in her room, Julio in his.
她常把自己关在房间里，朱利奥也是一样。
(
宾语
)
My pen is broken. Please lend me yours.
我的钢笔坏了，请把你的借给我。
(
宾语
)
—
Whose book is this?
这是谁的书？
—
It
’
s
mine.
是我的。
(
表语
)
I knew that the house was
hers.
我知道那房子是她的。
（表语）
4.
反身代词的用法
(1)
反身代词在句中作宾语、表语、同位语等
I want to build myself a country house.
我想给自己建一座乡间别墅。
(
宾语
)
He is always
thinking of himself.
他总是想着他自己。
(
宾语
)
They
quarreled among themselves.
他们之间发生了争吵。<
/p>
(
宾语
)
Bob is not quite himself today.
鲍勃今天感到不适。
(
表语
)
Be yourself, please.
请自然一点。<
/p>
(
表语
)
The representatives of the strikers
wanted to see the boss himself.
罢工工人的代表想要见老板本人。
(
同位语
)
I fixed the windows myself.
我自己装的窗户。
(
同位语
)
(2)
反身代词与某些动词连用表示某种特定意义
Help yourself to some fruit.
请吃点水果。
He shaves
himself once a day.
他一天刮一次脸。
Why did you absent yourself from school
yesterday?
你昨天为何没去上学？
(3)
反身代词用于某些固定习语中：
[1] by oneself
独自干；单干。
He said
he wanted to go out to have a walk by himself.
他说他想独自出去散步。
I managed to do it by myself.
我是自己做成这件事的。