现代大学英语英语第六册课后句子解释翻译

Unit1

1. Virtue is indeed must be self-centered.

正确的行动是，确实也是以自我为中心的

By right action, we mean it must help promote personal interest.

2.... (Poverty) was a product of their excessive fecundity...

贫困是他们过度生育的结果。

The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children.

3. ...the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration

.

富人不应该为产

The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake t

he task of solving the problem.

4. It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.

这是自然规律和上帝的意志在起作用。

It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature of to human

society.

5. It declined in popularity, and references to its acquired a condemnatory tone.

遭到了普遍的质疑，人们提及它都带有谴责的口吻。

People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose tre

asured values of sympathy, love and friendship. Therefore, when it was mentioned, it was usually t

he target of criticism.

6. ...the search for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end; it was only

suspended.

寻求 不为穷人的存在而内疚的办法，

这种尝试并没有结束，

而只是曾 经中断过一段时间。

The desire to find a way to justify the unconcern for the poor had not been abandoned; it had onl

y been put off.

7. ...only rarely given to overpaying for monkey wrenches, flashlights, coffee makers, and toil

et seats.

像

出

高

价

购

买

活

动

扳

手

、

手

电

筒

、

咖

啡

壶

以

< br>及

马

桶

座

圈

获

取

回

扣

的

情

况

极

为

罕

见

Government officials, on the whole, are good; it is very rare that some would pay high prices

for office equipment to get kickbacks.

8. This is perhaps our most highly influential piece of fiction.

这种说法也许是我们最有影响的一个虚构故事。

It is a very popular story and has been accepted by many but it is not true.

9. Belief can be the servant of truth ---but even more of convenience.

信念可以说是真理的

仆人，但是更多情况下，只是一时之需。

Belief can be useful in the search for truth, but more often than not it is accepted because it is conv

enient and self-serving.

10. George Gilder... Who tells to much applause that the poor must have the cruel spur of the

ir own suffering to ensure effort...

深受欢迎的乔治< /p>

·

吉尔德在众人的支持声中宣称穷人应该承受一定的痛苦，

才能受到激励而

努力改变现状

George Gilder advances the view that only when the poor suffer from great misery will they be st

imulated to make great efforts to change the situation, in other words, suffering is necessary to for

ce the poor to work hard.

Unit3

1... even droughts, floods, and heat waves may become unwitting acts of man.

< br>甚至干旱、洪

水、热电波都可能是人类的无心之过

What people do may unintentionally cause droughts, floods and heat waves

2. But this image, now repeatedly thrust before us in photographs, posters, and advertisemen

ts, is misleading.

但这种曾无数次展现在我们面前的照片、海报和广告上的景 象都是误导

The Earth we see in photos, posters, and ads, which appears so beautiful, is not the true reflection

of the world we live in, such image lulls us into complacency.

3. The technosphere has become sufficiently large and intense to alter the natural processes t

hat govern the ecosphere.

如此庞大和强烈的技术圈已经改变了控制生态圈的自然进程

Human activities have taken place over such large areas and with such intensity that they have alr

eady caused disastrous effects on ecology.

4. ...which could establish itself only because it fitted properly into the preexisting system.

正因为鱼能适应这一也已存在的系统，它才得以立足

the fish could play its role because it became a necessary link with the processes preceding it and

the processes following it in the ecological system.

5. Defined so narrowly, it is no surprise that cars have properties that are hostile to their env

ironment.

若只为迎合买者和生产商，汽车具有不利于环境的性能也就 不足为奇了

When cars are produced to serve such narrow purposes, it is not surprising that some of their char

acteristic qualities are harmful to the environment.

6. Yields rose, but not in proportion to the rate of fertilizer application...

产量提高了，却与肥料投入量不成比例

the farmer applied more and more fertilizer, and the production did rise but did not increase at th

e same rate of the fertilizer.

7...their waste is flushed into the sewer system altered in composition but not in amount at tr

eatment plant...

他们的废物被冲进下水道，经过处 理后成分发生了改变，但数量没变

People eat plants and animals, and their waste is flushed into the sewer system. After being proces

sed, the waste is still waste. the residue will go into rivers, oceans, and will have harmful effect on

the aquatic ecosystem.

8. Left to their own devices, ecosystems are conservative...

若

生

态< /p>

小

环

境

保

持

其

自

身

方

式

，

它

们

将

几

乎

保

持

不

变

，

进

化

速< /p>

度

十

分

缓

慢

If the ecosystems are not upset by outside intrusion, they will remain the same with very little

change

contrast to the ecosphere, the technosphere is composed of objects and materials that ref

lect a rapid and relentless process of change and variation.

The characteristics of the objects and materials in the technosphere are rapid change and great

variety.

this is done only at the cost of understanding.

但这种做法确是以我们的理解为代价

if we take side in the war of the two words, we are doing so at the risk of failing to have a clear u

nderstanding of the nature and cause of the war, thus, we lose the chance to really solve the grave

environmental crisis.

Unit5

1....the national rejection of dogmatic preconceptions about the nature of the social and econ

omic order

美国拒绝关于社会本质和经济规律的教条式的偏见

There are such prejudices in an arrogant manner about the characteristic of the social order and e

conomic order and they take it for granted. The country just rejected such prejudice.

2 Nor can one suggest that Americans have been consistently vulnerability to secular ideolog

y

ever after

没有人能说美国始终如一地受意识形态体系诱惑的影响

No one can say that Americans have never been tempted by the approach of understanding, prese

rving or transforming the world according to rigid dogmas.

3. .and any intellect so shaped was ...ever after

A mind influenced by Calvinist theology would surely find it somewhat difficult to resist other i

deological temptations to ideological thinking.

4. Pragmatism is no more wholly devoid...experience

Pragmatism is not completely free from abstract ideas just as ideology is not completely free fro

m experience, that is to say, abstract ideas have a place in pragmatism just as experience has a role

in ideology.

5. As an ideologist, however, Jefferson....historical curiosity

As a man following a fixed set of beliefs, Jefferson is only an interesting historical figure. His b

eliefs are out of date and are irrelevant to present-day reality.

6. ...whose central dogma is confided to the custody of an infallible priesthood

Their central beliefs are imprisoned by the whole body of priests who are always effective.

7. ...where free men may find partial truths, but where mortal man will ever get an absolute

grip on Absolute Truth

自由的人可以找到部分真理，而不是某个凡人独 自掌握了绝对真理

的

世

界

In this universe a person whose mind is unconstrained may be able to discover relation truth

s but no man on earth can claim that he has already grasped the one and only truth.

8. But ideology is a drug; no matter how ...it still persists.