红字a的象征意义英文

红字

a

的象征意义英文

【篇一：红字

a

的象征意义英文】

according to original work, a in fact means adultory, however, at the night when the governor dies, the

letter a appearing in the sky is regarded as angel and as hester gains a strange influence, some

people relate a with able.

【篇二：红字

a

的象征意 义英文】

symbolism of the letter a throughout the scarlet letter a

方蒂蒂

江西农业大学

2004

届毕业生

fang didi class 2004 jiangxi

agriculture university abstract: there have been a lot of

arguments over the diversity of symbol over the past years.

however, nathaniel hawthorne is successful in employing

symbolic techniques and lays great emphasis on the diversity

of symbol. the scarlet letter written by nathaniel hawthorne is

undoubtedly been considered as his masterpiece, is praised as

one of the greatest novels and regarded as the first symbolic

novel in american literature. this novel includes many

profound and important symbols, and the author s symbolic

style has the rich flavors of emotion and conforms to no

conventional pattern. hawthorns symbolism, especially the

symbolic letter a helps make the keynote of the story clearer

and the characters to the life. the changing symbolic meanings

throughout the novel are the best expressed by the letter a .

this paper attempts to discuss the diversity of symbolism in

this novel, i.e. the changing symbolic meanings of the scarlet

letter a , and their manifestations. key words: nathaniel

hawthorne; the scarlet letter; symbols; symbolism; the

diversity

象征的多义性曾引

起过不少争议

,

然而纳撒尼尔

霍桑却出

色地运用了

象征主义手法和成功地突出强调了

象征的多义性

.

红字

无庸质疑地被认为是霍桑最杰出

的作品

,

也被赞誉为美国文学上最出

色小说

,

同时也是美国第一部象征小说

.

这部小说包含了

很多意味深

远而且重要的象征

,

作者的象征手法具有浓郁的感情色彩

,

不拘于传

统形式

.

作者通过象征手法

,

尤其是具有象征意义字母

a

使得文章主

线清晰

,

并且给人物注入了

生命力

.

字母

a

作为最具代表的例子是其< /p>

在小说中含义的变化

.

本文试从红字

a

象征意义的多义性，

讨论《红

字》

中的字母

a

的象征手法

. :

纳撒尼尔

霍桑

;

《红字》

象征

;

象征

主义

;

多义性

the introduction to nathaniel hawthorne and his

intention of writing the scarlet letter. nathaniel hawthorne was

born in an impoverished noble new england s family, the

descendent of a long line of puritan ancestors. among his

ancestors, 2 generations were big wheels in organs of power

of unite of religion and politics in colony areas. they

persecuted heterodoxy by zealot of puritan. lonely childhood

branded his personality with melancholy and taciturn. after his

father was lost at sea when he was only four, his mother

became overly protective and pushed him toward more

isolated pursuits. his childhood left him overly shy and

bookish, and molded his life as a writer. hawthorne turned to

writing after his graduation from bowdon college. though

hawthorne attacked the harmful religious zealots and stifling

religious doctrines of garvin, he viewed on the world with

religious sense of good and devil in his deep heart. he

summed up the social contradiction, which he didn t

understand and was caused by the development of capitalism

as abstract evil . as he said, the source of social evils

contradictions among individuals phenomenon of crime were

not in the material social life, but were caused by intrinsic evil

in inner world of man. so hawthorne wrote that the resolution

to social problems started with the omnipresent evil . he said

that once the internal world was purified, many sin loafing

about external world would disappear. his focusing on the

abstract evil decided his writing trend mostly. he preferred

describing trans-natural, weird, horrible scenes or dark,

unusual psychological activities in order to explore the roots

of all kinds of social hidden evil . he said himself only loyal to

the truth of heart, comprising the heart to a winding and

extending cave and the writing to driving actively in our

common human nature . so he usually analyzed a person s

psychology cutting off social conditions peeled off the evil

existing in everyone s heart layer off layer. hawthorne focused

on the problem of guilt cared for the deeper psychology and

his major novels generally dealt with sensational material, like

poisoning, murder, adultery, and crime, because he was

ambitious to explore the result of sin, the effect on human

conscience of guilt, pride, egotism, and isolation. his

exploration of the soul resulted from his skeptical attitude

toward the limited social reality that was characterized by a

rapid change in almost all aspects of social life, and from his

seclusion of thinking. the central subject of hawthorne s major

works was the human soul. according to him, there is evil in

every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through

the whole life; but circumstances may rouse it to activity. so in

almost every book he writes, hawthorne discusses sin and evil.

for example, in another his novel endicott and the red cross,

he describes a pretty woman also wears a scarlet letter on her

cloth. human s characters are complex and elusive and

difficult to see through. so it s no right to define the human s

character good or evil simply and cleanly. just because of the

complexity of the human character and the difference of the

standards of good and evil, these literatures are so readable

and fascinating magnetically. just because he lived in an age

when the dynamic influence of puritanism was gone and the

impact of romanticism and transcendentalism was large felt

among the intellectuals, and thus his view of man and human

history originates, to a great extent, is puritanism. the

sensibility led to his understanding of evil being at the very

core of human life, which is typical of the calvinistic belief that

human beings are basically depraved and corrupted, hence,

they should obey god to atone for their sins. just as i mention

above, in many of his stories and novels, the puritan concept

of life is condemned, or the puritan past is shown in an almost

totally negative light, especially in his the scarlet letter.

hawthorne is attracted in every way to the puritan world, even

though he condemns its less humane manifestations. in this

particular novel, hawthorne does not intend to tell a love story

nor a story of sin, but focuses his attention on the moral,

emotional, and psychological effects or consequences of the

sin on the people in general and those main characters in

particular, so as to show us the tension between society and

individuals. as a man of literary craftsmanship, hawthorne is

extraordinary. the structure and the form writings are always

carefully worked out to cater for the thematic concern. with his

special interest in the psychological aspect of human beings,

there isn t much action or physical movement going on in his

works and he is good at exploring the complexity of human

psychology. so his drama is full of mental activities. thought

propels action and grows organically out of the interaction of

the characters, as we can find in this novel. the general

introduction of symbolism just as characterization and

dialogue and plot work on the surface to move the story along,

symbolism works under the surface to tie the storys external

action to the theme. early in the development of the fictional

narrative, symbolism was often produced through allegory,

giving the literal event and its allegorical counterpart a one- to-

one correspondence. symbolism operates on the level of the

unconscious. this does not mean that the author himself is

unconscious of the process of creating symbolism -- merely

that we, as readers, accept its input without really

understanding how it works. symbolism, therefore, is an

integral component of fiction, because it enriches the narrative

by pulling its message down to the level of our

unconsciousness and anchoring it there. developed in the late

19th century, symbolism is an art movement characterized by

the representation of the inner life of people through spiritual

symbols and ideas. it began as a rejection of the purely visual

realism of the impressionists, and the rationality of the

industrial age, in order to depict the symbols of ideas.

traditionally modeled pictorial depictions are replaced or

contrasted by flat mosaic-like surfaces decoratively

embellished with figures and design elements. symbolism in

literature is the deepness and hidden meaning in a piece of

work. it is often used to represent a moral or religious belief or

value. without symbolism literature is just a bunch of

meaningless words on paper. n. hawthorne successfully uses

the symbolism device in his novel and makes his novel the

scarlet letter become an immortal famous work. in the scarlet

letter he uses the concept of nature such as the jail, burdock,

pig-weed, apple-peru, wild rose, scaffold, forest etc. and four

major characters names: hester prynne, asher dingmeistale,

roger chillingworth, pearl to show symbolism. but the most

significant symbol that is shown throughout the novel is the

scarlet letter a . the letter a represents different things to each

of the characters and the town s people. this paper will focus

on the important role the letter a plays and how it changes its

meanings throughout the story. the diversity of symbol

symbol and symbolism in dictionary, a symbol is a one-term

comparison. for example, if we compare a hat to a cloud, the

cloud is the symbol replacing the hat as its perfect substitute.

as a result, symbols can be interpreted both those in dreams

and those brought about by free associations or coming from

cultural and spiritual representations. symbolism is the

systematic or creative use of arbitrary symbols as abstracted

representations of concepts or objects and the distinct

relationships in between, as they define both context and the

narrower definition of terms. in a narrow context, symbolism is

the applied use of any iconic representations. on the diversity

of symbol from the content of the scarlet letter the letter a

totally appears about 150 times in this novel. in chapter 2: on

the breast of her gown, in fine red cloth, surrounded with an

elaborate embroidery and fantastic flourishes of gold thread,

appeared the letter a. is the first time the letter appears. then it

comes out more. especially in chapters 5 and 8, the scarlet

letter frequently appears. the letter is throughout the novel

besides the chapters 1,9 and 20. from this pinot, we can see

why the novel is called the scarlet letter. in this novel, we can

see the scarlet letter a is just like a magnet which connects

with all the people and each setting, details. according to

puritanism, the scarlet letter symbolizes a shame, sin of

adultery. in addition, the description of the characters makes

the symbolic meanings of the letter a reflected to the full.

hester prynne she is a heroine in the scarlet letter. the writer

gives her much symbolic meaning by giving her this name.

hester sounds like hestier, a beautiful goddess in greek

mythology. this gives people a sense that hester is a

passionate beautiful woman. in the novel, she is the symbol of

the truth and the beauty. she is the one who dares to love, to

pursue her love. her own strong will helps her to come through

all the difficulties. arthur dimmesdale he is one major character

in this novel. he is a revered minister. from the name of arthur

dimmesdale, people can get ad as the first letters. in this way,

we can see clearly that ad is stands for adultery .the writer tells

us he is the partner of hester obviously. the word dimmesdale

also has symbolic meanings. dim means dark and weak, and

dale means valley, so the dimdale here is actually a symbol of

the dim-interior of the poor clergyman. he is the partner but

her dares not admit the fact. he was hypocritical and coward.

chillingworth he is another major character in this novel. he is