中美上海联合公报全文

中美上海联合公报全文

【篇一：《中美上海公报》

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中、英文

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《中华人民共和国和美利坚合众国联合公报》（《上海公报》）

（英文版）

（一九七二年二月二十八日）

joint communique of the united states of america and the

peoples republic of china

february 28, 1972

president richard nixon of the united states of america visited

the peoples republic of china at the invitation of premier chou

en-lai of the peoples republic of china from february 21 to

february 28, 1972. accompanying the president were mrs.

nixon, u.s. secretary of state william rogers, assistant to the

president dr. hey kissinger, and other american officials.

president nixon met with chairman mao tsetung of the

communist party of china on february

21. the two leaders had a serious and frank exchange of views

on sino-u.s. relations and world affairs.

during the visit, extensive, earnest and frank discussions

were held between president nixon and premier chou en-lai on

the normalization of relations between the united states of

america and the peoples republic of china, as well as on other

matters of interest to both sides. in addition, secretary of state

william rogers and foreign minister chi peng-fei held talks in

the same spirit.

president nixon and his party visited peking and viewed

cultural, industrial and agricultural sites, and they also toured

hangchow and shanghai where, continuing discussions with

chinese leaders, they viewed similar places of interest.

the leaders of the peoples republic of china and the united

states of america found it beneficial to have this opportunity,

after so many years without contact, to present candidly to one

another their views on a variety of issues. they reviewed the in-

ternational situation in which important changes and great

upheavals are taking place and expounded their respective

positions and attitudes.

the chinese side stated: wherever there is op- pression, there

is resistance. countries want inde- pendence, nations wan

liberation and the people want revolution--this has become the

irresistible trend of history. all nations, big or small, should be

equal: big nations should not bully the small and strong

nations should not bully the weak. china will never be a

superpower and it opposes hegemony and power politics of

any kind. the chinese side stated that it firmly supports the

struggles of all the oppressed people and nations for freedom

and liberation and that the people of all countries have the

right to choose their social systems according their own

wishes and the right to safeguard the independence,

sovereignty and territorial integrity of their own countries and

oppose foreign aggression, interference, control and

subversion. all foreign troops should be withdrawn to their

own countries. the chinese side expressed its firm support to

the peoples of viet nam, laos and cambodia in their efforts for

the attainment of their goal and its firm support to the seven-

point proposal of the provisional revolutionary government of

the republic of south viet nam and the elaboration of february

this year on the two key problems in the proposal, and to the

joint declaration of the summit conference of the indochinese

peoples. it firmly supports the eight-point program for the

peaceful unification of korea put forward by the government of

the democratic peoples republic of korea on april 12, 1971, and

the stand for the abolition of the u.n. commission for the

unification and rehabilitation of korea. it firmly opposes the

revival and outward expansion of japanese militarism and

firmly supports the japanese peoples desire to build an

independent, democratic, peaceful and neutral japan. it firmly

maintains that india and pakistan should, in accor- dance with

the united nations resolutions on the indo- pakistan question,

immediately withdraw all their forces to their respective

territories and to their own sides of the ceasefire line in jammu

and kashmir and firmly supports the pakistan government and

people in their struggle to preserve their independence and

sovereignty and the people of jammu and kashmir in their

struggle for the right of self- determination.

the u.s. side stated: peace in asia and peace in the world

requires efforts both to reduce immediate tensions and to

eliminate the basic causes of con- flict. the united states will

work for a just and secure peace: just, because it fulfills the

aspira- tions of peoples and nations for freedom and progress;

secure, because it removes the danger of foreign ag- gression.

the united states supports individual free- dom and social

progress for all the peoples of the world, free of outside

pressure or intervention. the united states believes that the

effort to reduce ten- sions is served by improving

communication between countries that have different

ideologies so as to lessen the risks of confrontation through

accident, miscalculation or misunderstanding. countries

should treat each other with mutual respect and be willing to

compete peacefully, letting performance be the ulti- mate judge.

no country should claim infallibility and each country should

be prepared to re-examine its own attitudes for the common

good. the united states stressed that the peoples of indochina

should be al- lowed to determine their destiny without outside

in- tervention; its constant primary objective has been a

negotiated solution; the eight-point proposal put forward by

the republic of viet nam and the united states on january 27,

1972 represents a basis for the attainment of that objective; in

the absence of a negotiated settlement the united states

envisages the ultimate withdrawal of all u.s. forces from the

region consistent with the aim of self- determination for each

country of indochina. the united states will maintain its close

ties with and support for the republic of korea; the united

states will support efforts of the republic of korea to seek a

relaxation of tension and increased communication in the

korean peninsula. the united states places the highest value on

its friendly relations with japan; it will continue to develop the

existing close bonds. consistent with the united nations

security council resolution of december 21, 1971, the united

states favors the continuation of the ceasefire between india

and pakistan and the withdraw- al of all military forces to

within their own territo- ries and to their own sides of the

ceasefire line in jammu and kashmir; the united states

supports the right of the peoples of south asia to shape their

own future in peace, free of military threat, and without having

the area become the subject of great power rivalry.

there are essential differences between china and the united

states in their social systems and foreign policies. however,

the two sides agreed that coun- tries, regardless of their social

systems, should conduct their relations on the principles of

respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all states,

non-aggression against other states, non-in- terference in the

internal affairs of other states, equality and mutual benefit, and

peaceful coexistence. international disputes should be settled

on this basis, without resorting to the use or threat of force.

the united states and the peoples republic of china are

prepared to apply these principles to their mutual relations.

with these principles of international relations in mind the two

sides stated that:

progress toward the normalization of relations between china

and the united states is in the inter- ests of all countries

both wish to reduce the danger of international military

conflict

neither should seek hegemony in the asia-pacif- ic region and

each is opposed to efforts by any other country or group of

countries to establish such hege- mony

neither is prepared to negotiate on behalf of any third party or

to enter into agreements or under- standings with the other

directed at other states.

both sides are of the view that it would be against the

interests of the peoples of the world for any major country to

collude with another against other countries, or for major

countries to divide up the world into spheres of interest.

the two sides reviewed the long-standing serious disputes

between china and the united states. the chinese side

reaffirmed its position: the taiwan question is the crucial

question obstructing the nor- malization of relations between

china and the united states; the government of the peoples

republic of china is the sole legal government of china; taiwan

is a province of china which has long been returned to the

motherland; the liberation of taiwan is chinas internal affair in

which no other country has the right to interfere; and all u.s.

forces and military installations must be withdrawn from

taiwan. the chinese government firmly opposes any activities

which aim at the creation of one china, one taiwan, one china,

two governments, two chinas, an independent taiwan or

advocate that the status of taiwan remains to be determined.

the u.s. side declared: the united states ac- knowledges that

all chinese on either side of the taiwan strait maintain there is

but one china and that taiwan is a part of china. the united

states govern- ment does not challenge that position. it

reaffirms its interest in a peaceful settlement of the taiwan

question by the chinese themselves. with this pros- pect in

mind, it affirms the ultimate objective of the withdrawal of all

u.s. forces and military installa- tions from taiwan. in the

meantime, it will progres- sively reduce its forces and military

installations on taiwan as the tension in the area diminishes.

the two sides agreed that it is desirable to broaden the

understanding between the two peoples. to this end, they

discussed specific areas in such fields as science, technology,

culture, sports and journal- ism, in which people-to-people

contacts and exchanges would be mutually beneficial. each

side undertakes to facilitate the further development of such

contacts and exchanges.

both sides view bilateral trade as another area from which

mutual benefit can be derived, and

agreed that economic relations based on equality and mutual

benefit are in the interest of the peoples of the two countries.

they agree to facilitate the progressive development of trade

between their two countries.

the two sides agreed that they will stay in con- tact through

various channels, including the sending of a senior u.s.

representative to peking from time to time for concrete

consultations to further the normal- ization of relations

between the two countries and continue to exchange views on

issues of common inter- est.

the two sides expressed the hope that the gains achieved

during this visit would open up new prospects for the relations

between the two countries. they believe that the normalization

of relations between the two countries is not only in the

interest of the chinese and american peoples but also

contributes to the relaxation of tension in asia and the world.

president nixon, mrs. nixon and the american party expressed

their appreciation for the gracious hospitality shown them by

the government and people of the peoples republic of china.

中华人民共和国和 美利坚合众国联合公报

(1972/2/28)

（一九七二年二月二十八日）

尼克松总统于二月二十一日会见了中国共产党主席毛泽东。 两位领

导人就中美关系和国际事务认真、坦率地交换了意见。

尼克松总统及其一行访问了北京，参观了文化、工业和农业 项目，

还访问了杭州和上海，在那里继续同中国领导人进行讨论，并参观

了类似的项目。

中华人 民共和国和美利坚合众国领导人经过这么多年一直没有接触

之后，现在有机会坦率地互相 介绍彼此对各种问题的观点，对此，

双方认为是有益的。他们回顾了经历着重大变化和巨 大动荡的国际

形势，阐明了各自的立场和态度。

中国方面声明：哪里有压迫，哪里就有反抗。国家要独立， 民族要

解放，人民要革命，已成为不可抗拒的历史潮流。国家不分大小，

应该一律平等，大国不应欺负小国，强国不应

欺负弱 国。中国决不做超级大国，并且反对任何霸权主义和强权政

治。中国方面表示：坚决支持 一切被压迫人民和被压迫民族争取自

由、解放的斗争；各国人民有权按照自己的意愿，选 择本国的社会

制度，有权维护本国独立、主权和领土完整，反对外来侵略、干涉、

控制和颠覆。一切外国军队都应撤回本国去。中国方面表示：坚决

支持 越南、老挝、柬埔寨三国人民为实现自己的目标所作的努力，

坚决支持越南南方共和临时 革命政府的七点建议以及在今年二月对

其中两个关键问题的说明和印度支那人民最高级会 议联合声明；坚

决支持朝鲜民主主义人民共和国政府一九七一年四月十二日提出的

朝鲜和平统一的八点方案和取消

“

联合国韩国 统一复兴委员会

”

的主

张；坚决反对日 本军国主义的复活和对外扩张，坚决支持日本人民

要求建立一个独立、民主、和平和中立 的日本的愿望；坚决主张印

度和巴基斯坦按照联合国关系印巴问题的决议，立即把自己的 军队

全部撤回到本国境内以及查谟和克什米尔停火线的各自一方，坚决

< br>支持巴基斯坦政府和人民维护独立、主权的斗争以及查谟和克什米

尔人民争取自决 权的斗争。

美国方面声明：为了 亚洲和世界的和平，需要对缓和当前的紧张局

势和消除冲突的基本原因作出努力。美国将 致力于建立公正而稳定

的和平。这种和平是公正的，因为它满足各国人民和各国争取自由

和进步的愿望。这种和平是稳定的，因为它消除外来侵略的危险。

美国支持全世界各国人民在没有外来压力和干预的情况下取得个人

自由和社会进步。美 国相信，改善具有不同意识形态的国与国之间

的联系，以便减少由于事故、错误估计或误 会而引起的对峙的危险，

有助于缓和紧张局势的努力。各国应该互相尊重并愿进行和平竞 赛，

让行动作出最后判断。任何国家都不应自称一贯正确，各国都要准

< br>备为了共同的利益重新检查自己的态度。美国强调：应该允许印度

支那各国人民在 不受外来干涉的情况下决定自己的命运；美国一贯

的首要目标是谈判解决；越南共和国和 美国在一九七二年一月二十

七日提出的八点建议提供了实现这个目标的基础；在谈判得不 到解

决时，美国预计在符合印度支那每个国家自决这一目标的情况下从

< br>这个地区最终撤出所有美国军队。美国将保持其与大韩民国的密切

联系和对它的支 持；美国将支持大韩民国为谋求在朝鲜半岛缓和紧

张局势和增加联系的努力。美国最高度 地珍视同日本的友好关系，

并将继续发展现存的紧密纽带。按照一九七一年十二月二十一 日联

合国安全理事会的决议，美国赞成印度和巴基斯坦之间的停火继续

< br>下去，并把全部军事力量撤至本国境内以及查谟和克什米尔停火线

的各自一方；美 国支持南亚各国人民和平地、不受军事威胁地建设

自己的未来的权利，而不使这个地区成 为大国竞争的目标。

中美两国的社 会制度和对外政策有着本质的区别。但是，双方同意，

各国不论社会制度如何，都应根据 尊重各国主权和领土完整、不侵

儿别国、不干涉别国内政、平等互利、和平共处的原则来 处理国与

国之间的关系。国际争端应在此基础上予以解决，而不诉诸武力和

武力威胁。美国和中华人民共和国准备在他们的相互关系中实行这

些原则。< /p>

考虑到国际关系的上述这些原则，双方声明：

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中美两国关系走向正常化是符合 所有国家的利益的；

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