独家总结好的Academic Essay 写作Tips!!

may

be

the

case

, that

…

.Thus

…

.

?

In light of this it may be advisable for

advertising to be aimed at seeing the sights , while

…

?

King(2006)

argues tha

t

…

. B (2003)

supports this view when she says tha

t

…

. James

hold

s

a

contrasting view, namely that

…

.

?

Sto research

revealed

some interesting

result

s,

namely that

…

.

?

The

first important thing to note is there are 2 parts to this question:

?

Firstly

whether….. have been the case , and secondly whether …

..

?

Regarding the

first question, there are

many

claims

in the literature in support of this view.

For

example

, ….(1979)

claims

that…. And ….(1978) claim that….. And of course there is the well

known…..However,

a recent revise

of research on the …..indicates that there is only…..,but not for

other …..such as B.

?

So what about A’s(1979) claim and claims like it ? Well, the trouble with …..is that….

For

instance

, it

is well know that from time-to-

time B …..,so it is possible that …. In other cases, such as …..

, it may be

that …. However, there is …..

The procedure is acutally quite simple. First

…

..If you have to go somewhere else due to lack of facilties,

that is the next step; otherwise you are pretty well set. It is important not to overdo things. That is, it is

better to dotoo few things at once than too many.

One of only two

…

.which are

…

Two main approaches have been followed in the UK, either in isolation or in conjunction: the A approach

and the S approach. The A approach excludes certain types of companies fro

…

However, although the A

approach excludes

…

it does not necessarily result in

…

.In contrast, those adopting a S approach

positively

…

. Both these broad approaches have 2 features in common. Firstly,

…

.Secondly

…

.It is only

recently that it is beginning to show signs of some significancce

…

- 2 - edited by 2011-04-22

P3

?

In contrast to the above

,

at first sight the evidence in support of the view that negative

…….

?

For example, D(1986)

cites research

from…..has

shown

that ….. Also, S (

cited by D,1986) have

found that ….However, as

argued

by N(1985),many of these studies are

flawed

in ….,and so are not

conclusive

.

?

The

major

flaw

with all the

above

-

mentioned

studies

is that they

fail

to

rule

out

alternative

,

plausible explanations. For e

xample, the … might have been

due

to

…..

rather

than

as a

direct

result

of …. As for those who had ……,or ……may have led to the

observed

results

rather than …. N also

cited better designed stu

dies by CA et al. and Cs et al., which have

respectively

found

…..

, and no

correlation between being an……and …. That these

well

-

d esigned

studies

were negative supports the

view that studies which show a positive result are likely

flawed

in

design

or

interpretation

.

P4 Conclusion

In conclusion, while future developments

in the field of …

may change the picture, on

the available

evidence, X

appears to be able to only directly affect

…..,

although it can indirectly affect ….and

through its influence on lifestyle factors such as …..,and so on.

Refernece Example:

Xxxxxxxx (Angell,1985)

For example, Cousins (1979) claims that

……

Simonton et al. (1987) claim that…./ Dixon (1985) cites….

Schleifer

et al. (cited by Dixon, 1986) have found

that …..

Some people feel better…….(Evan,2003;Fisher,2001)

However, a recent review of research

on the …by Evan (2003) indicates that….

As argued by

Angell (1985)

,

many of these studies are …..

What about Cousins’ (1979) claim and claims like it?

A,B,C are three processes by which an individual can potentially follow the social influence of eiher a

group or an individual, according to xx(xxxx)

常用词：

Cite/ claim/ indicate/ argue/ show/ support,agree/ emphasise/illustrate

Clarify : that is , for example

Summing up: to sum up, in conclusion

Correcting: or rather, at least, to be precise

Dismissing: anyway, leaving that aside,

Conceding: nevertheless, despite that

Verifying: actually, in fact

- 3 - edited by 2011-04-22

Adding: also moreover besides

Contrasting: on the other hand ,conversely

Varying: alternatively

Showing when: next, soon, finally, after that.

Comparing: likewise, similarly

Showing case

：

therefore

，

as a result

Stating condition

：

under the circumstances,otherwise.

Reader-writer relationship words

How likely : probably, possibly, certainly,perhaps.

How often: usually, sometimes, often

How typical: occasinally,generally

How obvious: of course, clearly

How desirable: unfortunately, regrettably.

遗憾的

How reliable: at first, provisionally

临时的，届时的。

.how valid: broadly/ strictly speaking, in principle

How sensible: foolishly,wisely

How expected: to my surprise, by chance

Your opinion: personally, I consider, I think, I regard, I argue

Admission: frankly, to be honest

Assurance: honestly, seriously

Polite request: please, kindly

Shared presumption: evidently, apparently

Similar ideas

–

similarly, in the same way, this is closely comparable to ,

同时

- meanwile, in the meantime, at the same time, contemporary, simultaneously

不同意见观点：

incontrast, alternative views suggest, conversely,

结果

–

therefore, consequently, as a result, in conclustion

Litespeed- firstly, additionally , a further example.

- 4 - edited by 2011-04-22

Assignment workshop

See the point and logical.

to avodi MS words.

se your ideas into words thourgh smoothly effectively for readers.

重要的在最前面。

g as a process

pre-writing - pre-linguistic (memory and schema at work),Data retrieval and selection - >organising -

>goal setting

drafting - turns thought into language, 2 cognitive levels - formulating and sequential ordering of ideas,

mechanical aspects(spelling,grammar,punctuation)

reviewing- revise,edit,proofread

校对

aphs will be more effective

state your purpose explicitly in the opening of the text;

make the topic of each section and paragraph clear;

ensure that your elaboration is both relevant to the topic sentence and cohesively linked.

nt elaboration and cohesive

5.1. avoid the weak use of

however,nevertheless,furthermore,althou gh,similarly,comparable to ,proportional to,

likewise,consequently,it follows that,in turn,prior to

that,simultaneous ly,nearby,opposite,adjacent,elsewhere,mosr important/weakest,evovling

from,since,therefore,owing to ,it follows that,due to, causing,accordingly,for this reason,hence, as a

result.

表明前后二句的逻辑。

5.2know-new arragement

延续上一句的信息继续下一句的内容。有逻辑和连贯性。

如果是特定的一个主语名词一直提到的话：。。。

Building a dam.....Such a dam could,for

example,be....The extreme reainfall could casue dam....

6. Make verbs work

6.1 increase the verb:noun ratio,

6.2 use active nor passive voice - bill kicked the ball. NO :the ball was kicked by bill.

6.3

避免不必要的名词化

avoid unnecessary nominalisations.

能用动词就把名词动词化。

6.4 Perfer strong verb.

A recommendation for...is ....

The final chapter of this report recommends a method to solve the ...

The adequacy of ...was evident ..= the ...were adequate was evident in the crowd's .

- 5 - edited by 2011-04-22