Air pollution in China中国空气污染英文

The Air Pollution in China

Abstract

China is now faced with serious air pollution, such as PM2.5, NO

x

and SO

2

.

It’s

time to take effective and strict measures on pollution control. People should heighten

the environmental awareness and take simple steps in normal. Meantime, government

have to formulate relevant laws and regulations to create a harmonious society.

Keywords:

China, air pollution, regulations.

1 Status of Air Pollution in China

Air

quality

has

become

a

big

topic

in

recent

years.

Tens

of

millions

of

people

across China have been forced to cope with high levels of PM2.5-- particulate matter

smaller than 2.5 micrometers

in

diameter that can penetrate the lungs and harm the

respiratory, cardiovascular, cerebral vascular and nervous systems. Air pollution is not

just about sore throats, but really more of a matter of life or death. The harmful effects

that smog can have on the human body are one of the top concerns among those who

reside in the country’s bigger cities.

Due to the coal dominating energy structure, the urban atmospheric environment

in

China

has

been

seriously

polluted

by

high

concentrations

of

NO

x

and

SO

2

since

many

years

ago.

With

the

rapid

development

of

economy,

urbanization

and

transportation

in

the

past

two

decades,

vehicle

exhaust

pollution

also

aggravated.

Within

the

last

two

decades,

all

types

of

environmental

problems,

which

were

experienced

for nearly

a century in

developed countries, exploded in

the developed

regions

in

China.

Regional

air

pollution

complex,

combined

with

coal-combustion

pollution

and

vehicle-exhaust

pollution

has

emerged

in

key

city

clusters

of

China,

which

was

characterized

as

a

complex

of

local

and

regional

pollution

and

multi-pollutants.

Regional

air

quality

has

a

trend

of

exacerbation

with

the

frequent

occurance of photochemical smog, regional haze and acid deposition, and the health

risks from toxic and harmful air pollutants.

In some sense, traffic jam is one of the most severe problems disturbing traffic in

Beijing for a long time and retards the development of economy. So congested a city

as it is, Beijing has gotten a quality report on city life with ten ranking decreasing this

year. The traffic topes among the entire factors.

This is indeed the case. The problem has been brought to the close notice of local

authorities, especially more and more traffic research institutes. Though they have a

commitment to traffic jam study, the consequences are anything but satisfactory. At

the

mention

of

traffic,

Wang

Qishan,

mayor

of

Beijing,

has

expressed

his

disappointment

several

times

about

congested

situation

in

the

public.

Traffic

in

Beijing is facing a challenge again while Olympic 2008 is coming. On the other hand,

opportunity is equal to challenge if we go out of our way to discover the are

some consensual opinions below.

First of all, unreasonable city planning is the primary reason, not the number of

motor

vehicle

in

nature,

for

Tokyo

has

an

unchecked

traffic

flow

with

the

motor

quantity of 7200,000, and Beijing has usual traffic jam with only 2000,000 instead.

Nowadays, it is the circle roads that support more than half of traffic density, which

makes its rush hour traffic intolerable.

Secondly, Compared with some big cities in the world, the quantity of taxies in

Beijing is larger than any of them. Taxies occupy 30% to 40% road area, 37% to 50%

ones empty.

Thirdly, high

–

density shopping center leads district jam. In weekend, especially

in seven

–

day holidays like the National Day, most of citizens go out only for sports,

and then vehicles rush to shopping center and entertainment district, then the traffic

there is beyond wildest guess.

In a word, effective measures are needed for traffic nowadays. Public methods,

just

like

subway

and

bus,

are

one

of

the

good

ways

against

traffic

jam.

Intelligent

transportation

system

study

is

pushed

forward

also.

Another

way,

timely

traffic

control

is

feasible.

While

China-Africa

summit

was

held,

these

measures

were

effective to a certain degree.

2

Emissions of Major Air Pollutants in the Country

Coal accounts for 70 percent of China’s energy consumption. This fact is hard to

change in a short term. In terms of the coal use method, 80 percent of the coal was for

direct combustion. Among others, coal-fired power plants burn 50 percent of the total

coal in China. Coal burning is the major source of ambient SO

2

, NO

x

, and soot.

China’s coal co

nsumption experienced an increase by more than 800 million tons,

over

500

million

tons

of

which

went

to

thermal

power

industry.

The

findings

of

relevant studies have shown that about 20,000 yuan of economic losses occurred with

every

ton

of

SO

2

emission,

and

air

pollution,

especially

acid

rain

has

significantly

constrained

the

efforts

in

achieving

the

goal

of

building

a

Xiaokang

Society

in

an

all-round way.

Motor

vehicles,

industrial

production,

coal

and

dust

are

the

main

sources

of

particulate matter pollution in most Chinese cities, accounts from 85% to 90%. Motor

vehicles

are

primary

pollution

source

in

Beijing,

Hangzhou,

Guangzhou,

inShijiazhuang, Nanjing, Tianjin, Shanghai andNingbo, the primary

pollution source were dust, current source, industrial productionRespectively.

At

present,

our

country

has

the

grim

situation

of

air

pollution,

the

environment

problemscharacterized

by

regional

atmospheric

pollutants

such

as

particulate

matter

(PM10)

and

fine

particulate

matter

(PM2.5)

increase

prominently,

do

great

harm

to

people's health and affect social harmony and stability.

3

How can we control air pollution in the environment?

Air pollution has become a serious problem in

recent

years. There are a lot of

causes. First of all, is the chemical noxious gases emission. We all know that there are

a

lot

of

factories

around

the

world,

they

are

actually

emitting

such

gases

everyday.

The second one is the sharp decrease of the forests. Forest is very important to our

Eco-system,

it

can

adjust

the

heat

and

balance

the

air.

The

third

one

is

the

urbanization. People tend to stay in the city where is actually an abnormal Eco-system.

Many cities do not have a complete system of controlling the air pollution.

In

order

to

solve

such

problems,there

are

some

simple

ways

to

control

air

pollution in our daily life.

(1)

Drive less, ride bicycle or walk instead.

(2)

Replace

all

the

lightbulbs

in

and

around

your

home

with

energy-efficient

fluorescents thatuse fewer watts for the same amount of light.

(3)

Choose energy-efficient appliances when it's time to buy new ones.

(4)

Decrease your air travel.

(5)

Wash clothes in cold water and line-dry whenever possible.

(6)

Use

a

low-flow

showerhead,

which

will

lessen

the

hot

water

used

but

not

drop

your water pressure in the shower.

(7)

Cut down on your garbage buy fewer packaged materials

(8)

Unplug electronics when they are not in use, because they still take up energy.

(9)

Insulate your home better

(10)

B

uy recycled paper products and recycle as much of your waste as possible.

(11)

P

lant a tree.

(12)

U

se nontoxic cleaning products.

4No Place to Hide

However,

like

you

could

see

when

examining

crime

statistics,

it's

not

the

polluters you can see that are the problem. It's the ones that have drawn a veil, and

worked in places where governments will let them have a free hand, who cause the

most has, in the last thirty years, doubled in the total amount of land

area that qualifies as a has also lost a substantial amount of the forest cover

on

her

land.

This

environmental

change

is

causing

people

from

the

rural

northwest

part of China to seek new lives along the river network in the heart of the country,

along the China air pollution central region, the new Industrial Corridor.

Unfortunately,

the

Industrial

Corridor,

most

of

which

has

factories

built,

or

purchased from overseas and transported inland, is one of the major garbage pollution

belts in China. Wastewater outlets arecausing fish to die off and raising the incidences