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现在分词的七种用法
(一)作定语
1.
动词现在分词单独作定语,通常放在所修饰词前。例如:
The sleeping boy is Tom.
2.
现在分词短语作定语放在所修饰词的后面,意思同定语从句差不多。例如
:
Tell the
children playing outside not to make too much
noise. = Tell the children who are playing outside
not to
make too much noise.
3.
现在分词可相当于非限制性定语,常用逗号分开。例如:
Tom, wearing beautiful clothes,
followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing
beautiful clothes, followed
me down the
hill.
4.
有时现在分词可以和副词或名词构成复合词作定语。例如:
This is an English-speaking country.
(二)作表语
现在分词作表语多表示
主语的特征。
如
amusing,
discouraging, puzzling, refreshing, astonishing,
exciting
等。
例如:
The story is moving.
(三)现在分词
在句中作宾语补足语,这时现在分词和前面的宾语有逻辑上的“主表”关系或“主谓”
关
系。例如:
We all found his
equipment interesting.
(
主表关系
)
I saw Mary
going upstairs then. (
主谓关系
)
(四)作状语
现在分词作状语,其逻
辑主语一般是句中的主语,如果不是,需在
V-ing
形式前加名词或代词主格作逻
辑主语。
1.
作原因状语,相当于原因状语从句。例如:
Being ill, Mary didn't come to school
yesterday.
2.
作时间状语,相当于时间状语从句。例如:
Seeing their teacher coming, the
students stopped talking.
如果现在分词表示的动作与谓
语表示的动作同时发生,常在现在分词前加上
when
或
while
。例如:
While waiting for the plane, I had a
long talk with Simon.
3.
作条件状语。
V-ing
形式作条件状语时,相当于一个条件状语从句。例如:
Working harder, you'll be No. 1 in your
class.
4.
作让步状语,相当于让步状语从句。例如:
Weighing almost two hundred jin, the
stone was moved by him alone.
5.
作结果状语。例如:
He
died, leaving nothing but debts.
6.
作伴随状语或方式状语。例如:
He
sat by the roadside, begging.
(五)
现在分词的完成式表示它发生
在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。例如
:
Having finished
his homework, he left the classroom.
(六)
现在分词的被动式
当句子的主语是动作的承受者时,用
V-ing
形式的被动式。例如:
The
factory being built now is a big one.
(七)
现在分词的否定形式是由“
not +
现在分词”构成。例如:
1
Not having been invited to
the party, she had to stay home.
高中英语现在分词用法练习题(一)
pictures___ very interesting.
A. is
B. are
C. to be
D.
be
2.______ the bad news made him cry.
A. Hear
B. Heard
C. Hearing
D. Is hearing
3._____ a desert had always been a risk
adventure.
A.
being crossed
B. Having crossed
C. Crossing
D. To have crossed
he came ,
I
’
d finished _______ the
whole book.
A.
to read
B. to
have read
C. reading
D. read
5. I always enjoy ____ to popular music
at night.
A. to listen
B. listening
C. that I can listen
D. if I can
listen
are considering
________ a trip around the island.
A. take
b. to take
C. to be taking
D. taking
7.I
hope you don
’
t mind ____ at
your newspaper.
A. I look
B. my looking
C. I looking
D. my to look
a man
’
s heart
stops ______ , he dies.
A. to beat
B. beating
C.
beat
D. beaten
9.I can
’
t help
_______ he is still alive.
A. thinking
B. think
C. to
think
D. thought of
far as I am concerned , I
prefer reading ________ .
A. than meat
B. for joy
C.
instead of
sleeping
D to
drinking
11. It goes
without _______ that knowledge is important.
A. talking
B. telling
C. saying
D. mentioning
12. We are looking forward
______ our friends next week.
A. to see
B. to seeing
C. to be seeing
D. shall see
spent a lot of money _____ books and magazines.
A. buy
B. buying
C. to buy
D. bought
silkworm is an insect worth _____.
A. to know
B. knowing
C. to be known
D. being known
went out without ______
good-bye to us.
A. say
B. to say
C. saying
D.
being said
curious student
kept on _______ questions.
A.
asks
B. asking
C. to ask
D.
asked
is such a strange
person; there
’
s _____ what
he
’
ll do next.
A. no knowing
B. not to know
C. not known
D.
being unknown
she heard
the bad news, she burst______.
A. into crying
B. out to tears
C. crying
D. out crying
19. You must never cross
the street without _
A. waiting
B/
to wait
C.
waiting for
D.
to wait for
20. Scientists
succeed _____ protein out of old newspapers.
A. to make
B. at making
C. making
D. in making
21.I became ______ after watching too
much television.
A. bored
B. boring
C. bore
D. bores
22.I felt ____ by his
interest in my new invention.
A. encourage
B to encourage
C. was encouraged
D. encouraged
sat there ______ a novel.
2
A. read
B. reading
C. reads
D. had read
24.
Don’t wake up the______ chi
ld.
A.
sleep
B. slept
C. sleeping
D. sleepy
25.A
proverb goes:
“
A ___ stone
gathers no moss.
”
A. roll
B. rolling
C. rolled
D. rolls
heavy
rain kept us _____ for two hours.
A.
wait
B. waited
C. waiting
D. to
wait
27.I found a dog
______ over by a car on the road.
A.
to run
B. run
C. ran
D.
running
28. We found the
baby
____ on the floor.
A. slept
B.
sleep
C. asleep
D. sleeping
saw
a woman ______ near the dog , so he walked up to
her.
A. stood
B. stands
C. to stand
D. standing
got their car ____ at the garage.
A. be washed
B. washed
C. being washed
D. to have been
washed
31. _____ with his
report , I told him to write it all over again.
A. Dissatisfactory
B.
Not being satisfied
C. Having not satisfied
D. Dissatisfying
32._____ our shoes in our
hands , we crossed the stream.
A. To carry
B.
Carrying
C. Carried
D. Carry
33._____ my homework, I
went home .
A. Having
finished
B. Finished
C. Being
finished
D.
Finish
34.____ the door
unlocked, I went in.
A.
Finding
B. Found
C. Had found
D. Have found
35.______ a
careless fellow, he forget all about it.
A. Is
B. Be
C. Being
D. Was
36._____ carefully, this
letter is very beautiful
A.
Type
B. Typing
C. Typed
D. To
typed
s can do many amazing
things when properly___.
A.
train
B.
training
C. trained
D. to train
38. You must be careful when ___ on the
highway.
A. you driving
B. are driving
C. driving
D.
you were driving
_____ , I
will go to the party tonight.
A. invite B.
inviting C. to invite D. invited
nds of products ____ from coal are now
in daily use.
A. made
B. make
C. making
D. to make
s are
machines ___ power or motion.
A. produce
B. producing
C. produced
D. which producing
this battle some soldiers were wounded
, and some _____.
A. miss
B.
missed
C. missing
D. to miss
43Weather ____ ,
we will have a picnic tomorrow.
A. permit B.
permits C. permitted D. permitting
vacation
____
over , the students came back to school.
A. is B. are C.
was D. being
45.____, we
left off our work.
A. After
setting the sun
B. Having
set the sun C. The sun having set
D. Being the sun set.
46.___ the painting, he gave a sigh of
relief.
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