-
第一编
总
则
Part 1 General Provisions
第一章
刑法的任务、基本原则和适用范围
Chapter I The
Tasks, Basic
Principles and Scope of
Application of the Criminal Law
第一条
为了惩罚犯罪，保护人民，根
据宪法，结合我国同犯罪作斗争的具体经
验及实际情况，制定本法。
Article
1
This
Law
is
formulated
with
a
view
to
punishing
crimes
and
protecting the people, and in
accordance with the Constitution, and in
the
light
of
the
concrete
experiences
in
fighting
against
crimes
and
the
actual circumstances.
第二条
中
华人民共和国刑法的任务，是用刑罚同一切犯罪行为作斗争，以
保卫国家安全，保卫人民
民主专政的政权和社会主义制度，保护国有财产和劳
动群众集体所有的财产，保护公民私
人所有的财产，保护公民的人身权利、民
主权利和其他权利，维护社会秩序、经济秩序，
保障社会主义建设事业的顺利
进行。
Article 2 The tasks of the
Criminal Law of the People
’
s
Republic
of China are to use criminal
punishments to fight against all criminal
acts
in
order
to
defend
the
security
of
the
State;
to
defend
the
political
power of the
People
’
s dictatorship and
socialist system; to protect
property
owned by the State and the property collectively
owned by the
working people; to protect
the citizens
”
privately
owned property; to
protect
the
citizens
”
rights
of
the
person
and
their
democratic
and
other
rights; to maintain
public
order and economical
order, and to safeguard
the
smooth
progress
of
the
cause
of
the
socialist
revolution
and
socialist
construction.
第三条
法律明文规定为犯罪行为的，依照法律定罪处刑；法律没有明文规
定为犯罪行为的，不得定罪处刑。
Article 3 Where an act is
expressly defined in laws as a criminal
act,
it
shall
be
determined
and
punished
as
a
criminal
act
in
accordance
with the law;
where an act is not expressly defined in the laws
as a
criminal
act,
it
shall
not
be
determined
and
punished
as
a
criminal
act.
第四条
对
任何人犯罪，在适用法律上一律平等。不允许任何人有超越法律
的特权。
Article 4
Anyone who commit a crime shall be equal in
applying the
law. No one is privileged
to be beyond the law.
第五条
刑罚的轻重，应当与犯罪分子
所犯罪行和承担的刑事责任相适应。
Article 5 The lightness or
heaviness of the punishments shall be in
accordance
with
the
criminal
acts
and
the
criminal
responsibility
of
the
criminals.
第六条
凡
在中华人民共和国领域内犯罪的，除法律有特别规定的以外，都
适用本法。
Article
6
This
Law
is
applicable
to
anyone
who
commits
a
crime
within
the territory of the
People
’
s Republic of China,
unless the case is
covered by special
legal provisions.
凡在中华人民共和国船舶或者航空器内犯罪的，也适用本法。
This Law is
also applicable to anyone who commits a crime on
board
a ship or an aircraft of the
People
’
s Republic of China.
犯罪的行为或者结果有一项发生在
中华人民共和国领域内的，就认为是在
中华人民共和国领域内犯罪。
If the
criminal act or its consequence takes place within
the
territory of the
People
’
s Republic of China,
the crime shall be deemed
to have been
committed within the territory of the
People
’
s Republic
of China.
第七条
中华人民共和国公民在中华人
民共和国领域外犯本法规定罪的，适
用本法，但是按本法规定的最高刑为三年以下有期徒
刑的，可以不予追究。
Article 7 This Law is applicable to the
citizens of the People
’
s
Republic of China who commit crimes
prescribed in this Law outside the
territory of the
People
’
s Republic of China;
however, they may not be
investigated
if
for
those
crimes
this
Law
prescribes
a
maximum
punishment
of fixed-term imprisonment of not more
than three years.
< br>中华人民共和国国家工作人员和军人在中华人民共和国领域外犯本法规定
之罪的，
适用本法。
This Law is applicable
to
state
functionaries and servicemen of
the
People
’
s
Republic of China who commit crimes outside the
territory of
the
People
’
s Republic of China.
第八条
外国人在中华人民共和国领域外对中华人民共和国国家或者公民
犯罪，而按本法规定的最低刑为三年以上有期徒刑的，可以适用本法，但是按
照犯罪地的
法律不受处罚的除外。
Article 8 This Law may be applicable to
any foreigner who commits
a
crime
outside
the
territory
of
the
People
’
s
Republic
of
China,
against
the state of the
People
’
s Republic of China
or against its citizens,
if
for
that
crime
this
Law
prescribes
a
minimum
punishment
of
fixed-term
imprisonment of not less than three
years; however, this does not apply
to
a
crime
that
is
not
punishable
according
to
the
law
of
the
place
where
it
was committed.
第九条
对于中华人民共和国缔结或者
参加的国际条约所规定的罪行，中华
人民共和国在所承担条约义务的范围内行使刑事管辖
权的，适用本法。
Article 9 This Law is applicable to the
crimes prescribed in the
international
treaties
concluded
or
acceded
to
by
the
People
’
s
Republic
of China and over
which the People
’
s Republic
of China has criminal
jurisdiction
within its obligation in accordance with the
treaties.
第十条
凡在中华人民共和国领域外犯
罪，依照本法应当负刑事责任的，虽
然经过外国审判，仍然可以依照本法追究，但是在外
国已经受过刑罚处罚的，
可以免除或者减轻处罚。
Article 10 If
any person commits a crime outside the territory
of
the
People
’
s
Republic
of
China
for
which
according
to
this
Law
he
would
bear criminal responsibility, he may
still be dealt with according to
this
Law,
even
if
he
has
already
been
tried
in
a
foreign
country.
However,
if he has already received criminal
punishment in the foreign country,
he
may be exempted from punishment or given a
mitigated punishment.
第十一条
享有外交特权和豁免权的外
国人的刑事责任，通过外交途径解
决。
Article 11 The
criminal responsibility of foreigners who enjoy
diplomatic privileges and immunities
shall be resolved through
diplomatic
channels.
第十二条
中华人民共和国成立以后本
法施行以前的行为，如果当时的法律
不认为是犯罪的，适用当时的法律；如果当时的法律
认为是犯罪的，依照本法
总则第四章第八节的规定应当追诉的，按照当时的法律追究刑事
责任，但是如
果本法不认为是犯罪或者处刑较轻的，适用本法。
Article 12 If
an act committed after the founding of the
People
’
s Republic of China
and before the entry into force of this Law was
not
deemed
a
crime
under
the
laws
in
force
at
the
time,
those
laws
shall
apply.
If the act was deemed
a crime under the laws in force at that time and
is subject to prosecution under the
provisions of Section 8,Chapter IV
of
the General
Provisions of
this
Law, criminal
responsibility shall be
investigated
according
to
those
laws.
However,
if
this
Law
does
not
deem
it a crime or imposes a
lighter punishment, this Law shall apply.
本法施行以前，依照当时的法律已
经作出的生效判决，继续有效。
The effective judgments made in
accordance with the laws in force
at
that time before the entry into force of this Law,
shall keep their
effectiveness.
第二章
犯
罪
Chapter
II
Crimes
第一节
犯罪和刑事责任
Section
1
Crimes
and
Criminal
Responsibility
第十三条
一切危害国家主权、领土完整和安全，
分裂国家、颠覆人民民主专政的政权和推翻社会主义制度，破坏社会秩序和经
济秩序，侵犯国有财产或者劳动群众集体所有的财产，侵犯公民私人所有的财
产，侵犯公民的人身权利、民主权利和其他权利，以及其他危害社会的行为，
依照法律
应当受刑罚处罚的，都是犯罪，但是情节显着轻微危害不大的，不认
为是犯罪。
Article
13 A crime refers to an act that endangers the
sovereignty
and
territorial
integrity
and
security
of
the
state;
dismembers
the
state
and
subverts the political power of the
People
’
s dictatorship and
overthrows
the
socialist
system;
disrupts
social
order
and
economic
order;
violates
property
owned
by
the
state
or
collectively
owned
by
the
working
people; violates the
citizens
”
privately owned
property or infringes
upon the
citizens
”
rights of
the person and their democratic and
other
rights; and any other act that
endangers society and is punishable
according to law. However, an act that
is clearly of minor importance
and
little harm shall not be considered a crime.
第十四条
明知自己的行为会发生危害社会的结果，并且希望或者放任这种
结果发生，因而构成犯罪的，是故意犯罪。
Article 14 An intentional
crime refers to a crime committed by a
person who clearly knows that his act
will produce socially dangerous
consequences but who wishes or allows
such consequences to occur.
故意犯罪，应当负刑事责任。
Criminal
responsibility shall be borne for intentional
crimes.
第十五条
应当预见自己的行为可能发
生危害社会的结果，因为疏忽大意而
没有预见，或者已经预见而轻信能够避免，以致发生
这种结果的，是过失犯罪。
Article
15
A
negligent
crime
refers
to
a
crime
committed
by
a
person
who should have foreseen that his act
would possibly produce socially
dangerous consequences but who fails to
do so through negligence or,
having
foreseen the consequences, readily believes that
they can be
avoided, the result being
that these consequences do occur.
过失犯罪，法律有规定的才负刑事责任。
Criminal
responsibility
shall
be
borne
for
negligent
crimes
only
when
the law
so provides.
第十六条
行为在客观上虽然造成了损
害结果，但是不是出于故意或者过
失，而是由于不能抗拒或者不能预见的原因所引起的，
不是犯罪。
Article 16 If an act in fact results in
harmful consequences due to
unavoidable
or unforeseeable causes rather than intent or
negligence,
it shall not be a crime.
第十七条
已满十六周岁的人犯罪，应当负刑事责任。
Article 17 Any
person who has reached the age of 16 and who
commits
a crime shall bear criminal
responsibility.
已满十四周岁不满十六周岁的人，犯故意杀人、故意伤害致人重伤或者死
亡、强奸、抢
劫、贩卖毒品、放火、爆炸、投毒罪的，应当负刑事责任。
Any person who has reached
the age of 14 but not the age of 16 and
who commits homicide, intentionally
injuring another person resulting
in
serious
bodily
injury
or
death,
rape,
robbery,
selling
narcotic
drugs,
arson, causing
explosion, or spreading poisons, shall bear
criminal
responsibility.
已满十四周岁不满十八周岁的人犯罪，应当从轻或者减轻处罚。
Any person who
has reached the age of 14 but not the age of 18
and
who commits a crime shall be given
a lighter or mitigated punishment.
因不满十六周岁不予刑事处罚的，责令他的家长或者监护人加
以管教；在
必要的时候，也可以由政府收容教养。
If a person is
not punished because he has not reached the age of
16,
the
head
of
his
family
or
his
guardian
shall
be
ordered
to
discipline
and
educate
him.
When
necessary,
he
may
also
be
taken
in
by
the
government
for reeducation.
第十八条
精神病人在不能辨认或者不能控制自己行为的时候造成危害结
果
，经法定程序鉴定确认的，不负刑事责任，但是应当责令他的家属或者监护
人严加看管和
医疗；在必要的时候，由政府强制医疗。
Article 18 If a mental
patient causes dangerous consequences at a
time
when he
is
unable
to
recognize
or
control
his
own
conduct,
and such
a circumstance is confirmed by a
forensic doctor, he shall not bear
criminal responsibility, but his family
members or guardian shall be
ordered
to
keep
him
under
strict
surveillance
and
arrange
for
his
medical
treatment.
When
necessary,
he
may
also
be
arranged
for
medical
treatment
under coercion by the government.
间歇性的精神病人在精神正常的时候犯罪，应当负刑事责任。
Any person
whose mental illness is of an intermittent nature
shall
bear
criminal
responsibility
if
he
commits
a
crime
when
he
is
in
a
normal
mental state.
尚未完全丧失辨认或者控制自己行
为能力的精神病人犯罪的，应当负刑事
责任，但是可以从轻或者减轻处罚。
Any
mental patient who does not lose completely the
ability to
recognize or control his own
conduct and commits a crime shall bear
criminal responsibility, but he may be
given a lighter or mitigated
punishment.
醉酒的人犯罪，应当负刑事责任。
Any intoxicated person who
commits a crime shall bear criminal
responsibility.
第十九条
又聋又哑的人或者盲人犯罪，可以从轻、减轻或者免除处罚。
Article 19 Any
deaf-mute or blind person who commits a crime may
be
given a lighter or mitigated
punishment or be exempted from punishment.
第二十条
为了使国家、公共利益、本人或者他人的人身、财产和其他权利
免受正在进行的不法侵害，而采取的制止不法侵害的行为，对不法侵害人造成
损害的，属
于正当防卫，不负刑事责任。
Article 20 Where a person conducts an
act to stop an unlawful
infringement in
order to avert an immediate and unlawful
infringement
of
the
state
”
s
interest
or
of
the
public
interest
or
of
his
own
or
another
person
”
s rights
of the person, or property rights, or other
rights,
resulting in harm to the
unlawful infringer, such an act shall be
justifiable
defence,
and
criminal
responsibility
shall
not be
borne for
such an act.
正当防卫明显超过必要限度造成重大损害的，应当负刑事责任，但是应当
减轻或者免除处罚。
Criminal responsibility shall be borne
if justifiable defence
apparently
exceeds the limits of necessity and causes serious
harm;
however, a mitigated punishment
or exemption from punishment shall be
given.
< br>对正在进行行凶、杀人、抢劫、强奸、绑架以及其他严重危及人身安全的
暴力犯罪
，采取防卫行为，造成不法侵害人伤亡的，不属于防卫过当，不负刑
事责任。
Where a
defence is conducted to an immediate violent crime
of
committing physical assault,
committing homicide, robbery, rape,
kidnapping, and other crimes seriously
endangering the security of a
person,
and it causes bodily injury or death to the
unlawful infringer,
such an act shall
not be defence that exceeds the limits of
necessity,
and criminal responsibility
shall not be borne for such an act.
第二十一条
为了使国家、公共利益、本人或者他人的人身、财产和其他权
利免受正在发生的危险，
不得已采取的紧急避险行为，造成损害的，不负刑事
责任。
Article
21
Criminal
responsibility
shall
not
be
borne
for
an
act
that
a person is compelled
to commit in an emergency to avert an immediate
danger to the
state
”
s interest or the
public interest or to his own or
another
person
”
s
rights
of
the
person
or
property
rights
or
other
rights,
and that causes harm.
紧急避险超过必要限度造成不应有的损害的，应当负刑事责任
，但是应当
减轻或者免除处罚。
Criminal responsibility
shall be borne if an act committed in an
emergency
to
avert
danger
exceeds
the
limits
of
necessity
and
causes
undue
harm;
however,
a
mitigated
punishment
or
exemption
from
punishment
shall
be given.
第一款中关于避免本人危险的规定，不适用于职务上、业务上负有特定责
任
的人。
The provisions of the first paragraph
of thisArticle with respect
to averting
danger
to
oneself
shall
not
apply
to
a
person
who
is
charged
with specific responsibility in his
post or profession.
第二节
犯罪的预备、未遂和中止
Section 2
Preparation for a Crime,
Criminal
Attempt and Discontinuation of a
Crime
第二十二条
为了犯罪，<
/p>
准备工具、制造条件的，是犯罪预备。
Article 22 Preparation for
a crime refers to the preparation of the
instruments or the creation of the
conditions for a crime.
对于预备犯，可以比照既遂犯从轻、减轻处罚或者免除处罚。
An
offender
who
prepares
for
a
crime
may,
in
comparison
with
one
who
completed
the crime, be given a lighter or mitigated
punishment or be
exempted from
punishment.
第二十三条
已经着手实行犯罪，由于
犯罪分子意志以外的原因而未得逞
的，是犯罪未遂。
Article
23
A
criminal
attempt
refers
to
a
case
where
an
offender
has
already begun to commit a crime but is
prevented from completing it for
reasons independent of his will.
对于未遂犯，可以比照既遂犯从轻或者减轻处罚。
An offender who
attempts to commit a crime may, in comparison with
one
who
completed
the
crime,
be
given
a
lighter
or
mitigated
punishment.
第二十四条
在犯罪过程中，自动放弃
犯罪或者自动有效地防止犯罪结果发
生的，是犯罪中止。
Article 24
Discontinuation of a crime refers to cases where,
in the
process
of
committing
a
crime,
the
offender
voluntarily
quits
continuing
the crime or voluntarily and
effectively prevents the consequences of
the crime from occurring.
对于中止犯，没有造成损害的，应当免除处罚；造成损害的，
应当减轻处
罚。
Where an offender who
discontinues a crime and causes no harm,
exempted from punishment shall be
given; where an offender causes harm,
a
mitigated punishment shall be given.
第三节
共同犯罪
Section 3 Joint
Crimes
第二十五条
共同犯罪是指二人
以上共同故意犯罪。
Article 25 A
joint crime refers to an intentional crime
committed
by two or more persons
jointly.
二人以上共同
过失犯罪，不以共同犯罪论处；应当负刑事责任的，按照他
们所犯的罪分别处罚。
A
negligent
crime
committed
by
two
or
more
persons
jointly
shall
not
be punished as a joint crime; those who
should bear criminal
responsibility
shall be individually punished according to the
crimes
they have committed.
第二十六条
组织、领导犯罪集团进行犯罪活动的或者在共同犯罪中起主要
作用的，是主犯。
Article 26 A principal criminal refers
to any person who organizes
and leads a
criminal group in carrying out criminal activities
or plays
a principal role in a joint
crime.
三人以上为共同实
施犯罪而组成的较为固定的犯罪组织，是犯罪集团。
A criminal group refers to
any relatively stable criminal
organization
which
is
composed
of
more
than
three
persons
for
the
purpose
of committing a
crime jointly.
对组织、领导犯罪集团的首要分子，按照集团所犯的全部罪行处罚。
A
ringleader
who
organizes
and
leads
a
criminal
group
shall
be
given
a punishment according
to all the crimes the group has committed.
对于第三款规定以外的主犯，应当
按照其所参与的或者组织、指挥的全部
犯罪处罚。
A principal
criminal unless otherwise stipulated in the third
paragraph shall be given a punishment
according to all the crimes that
he
participates in or organizes or commands.
第二十七条
在共同犯罪中起次要或者辅助作用的，是从犯。
Article 27 An
accomplice refers to any person who plays a
secondary
or auxiliary role in a joint
crime.
对于从犯，应当从轻、减轻处罚或者免除处罚。
An accomplice
shall be given a lighter or mitigated punishment
or
be exempted from punishment.
第二十八条
对于被胁迫参加犯罪的，
应当按照他的犯罪情节减轻处罚或者
免除处罚。
Article
28
A
person
who
is
compelled
to
participate
in
a
crime
shall,
according to the circumstances of his
crime, be given a mitigated
punishment
or be exempted from punishment.
第二十九条
教唆他人犯罪的，应当按照他在共同犯罪中所起的作用处罚。
教唆不满十八周岁的人犯
罪的，应当从重处罚。
Article 29 A person who instigates
others to commit a crime shall
be
punished
according
to
the
role
he
has
played
in
the
joint
crime.
Anyone
who
instigates a person under the age of 18 to commit
a crime shall be
given a heavier
punishment.
如果被
教唆的人没有犯被教唆的罪，对于教唆犯，可以从轻或者减轻处罚。
If
the
instigated
person
has
not
committed
the
instigated
crime,
the
instigator may be given
a lighter or mitigated punishment.
第四节
单位犯罪
Section 4 Crimes
Committed by a Unit
第三十条
公司、
企业、事业单位、机关、团体实施的危害社会的行为，法律规定为
单位犯罪的，
应当负刑事责任。
Article 30 A company,
enterprise, institution, organ, or public
organization that conducts an act
harmful to society, where such an act
is stipulated as a crime, shall bear
criminal responsibility.
第三十一条
单位犯罪的，对单位判处
罚金，并对其直接负责的主管人员和
其他直接责任人员判处刑罚。本法分则和其他法律另
有规定的，依照规定。
Article
31
A
unit
which
commits
a
crime
shall
be
punished
with
a
fine,
and the person
（
s<
/p>
）
directly in charge and
other person
（
s
）
directly
involved in the
crime shall be given a punishment. Where Specific
Provisions of this Law or other laws
stipulate otherwise, such
stipulation
shall be applied.
第三章
刑
罚
Chapter III
Punishments
第一节
刑罚的种类
Section 1
Types of
Punishments
第三十二条
刑罚分为主刑和附加刑。
Article 32 Punishments are
divided into principal punishments and
supplementary punishments.
第三十三条
主刑的种类如下：
Article 33 The principal
punishments are as follows:
（一）
管制；
（
1
）
public
surveillance;
（
二）
拘役；
（
2
）
criminal
detention;
（三）
有期徒刑；
（
3
）
fixed-term
imprisonment;<
/p>
（四）
无期徒刑；
（
4
）
life
imprisonment;
and
（五）死刑。
（
5
）
the death penalty.
第三十四条
附加刑的种类如下：
Article 34 The
supplementary punishments are as follows:
（一）
罚
金；
（
1
）
fines;
（
二）
剥夺政治权利；<
/p>
（
2
）
deprivation
of
political
rights;
and
（三）没收财产。
（
3
）
confiscation of property.
附加刑也可以独立适用。
Supplementary punishments
may be imposed independently.
第三十五条
对于犯罪的外国人，可以独立适用或者附加适用驱逐出境。
Article 35
Deportation may be imposed independently or
supplementarily to a foreigner who
commits a crime.
第三十六条
由于犯罪行为而使被害人
遭受经济损失的，对犯罪分子除依法
给予刑事处罚外，并应根据情况判处赔偿经济损失。
Article 36 If a victim has suffered
economic losses as a result of
a
crime,
the
criminal
shall,
in
addition
to
receiving
a
criminal
sanction
according to law, be sentenced to make
compensation for the economic
losses in
the light of the circumstances.
承担民事赔偿责任的犯罪分子，同时被判处罚金，其财产不足
以全部支付
的，或者被判处没收财产的，应当先承担对被害人的民事赔偿责任。
If a
criminal who bears civil responsibility and is
punished with
a
fine
in
the
meantime,
has
no
enough
property
to
pay
off,
or
is
punished
with confiscation
of property, he shall first bear responsibility of
civil compensation to the victim.
第三十七条
对于犯罪情节轻微不需要
判处刑罚的，可以免予刑事处罚，但
是可以根据案件的不同情况，予以训诫或者责令具结
悔过、赔礼道歉、赔偿损
失，或者由主管部门予以行政处罚或者行政处分。
Article
37 If the circumstances of a
person
”
s crime are minor and
do not require punishment, he may be
exempted from criminal sanctions;
however, he may,
according
to the different circumstances of each
case,
be reprimanded or ordered to make
a statement of repentance, offer an
apology,
pay
compensation
for
the
losses
or
be
subject
to
administrative
punishment or
administrative sanctions by the competent
department.
第二节
管
制
Section 2 Public Surveillan
ce
（
*1
）第三十八条
管制的
期限，为三个月以上二年以下。
Article 38 The
term of public surveillance shall not be less than
three months and not more than two
years.
被判处管制的犯罪分子，由公安机关执行。
Where a
criminal is sentenced to public surveillance, his
sentence
shall be executed by a public
security organ.
第三十九条
被判处管制的犯罪分子，在执行期间，应当遵守下列规定：
Article 39 A
criminal who is sentenced to public surveillance
must
observe
the
following
rules
during
the
term
in
which
his
sentence
is
being
executed:
（一）
遵守法律、
行政法规，
服从监督；
（
1
）
observe
laws
and
administrative
regulations,
submit to supervision;
（二）未经执行机关批准，不得行使言
论、出版、集会、结社、游行、示威自由的权利；
（
2
）
forbidden
to
exercise
the
rights
of
freedom
of
speech,
of
the
press,
of
assembly,
of
association,
of
procession
and
of
demonstration
without
approval
of
the
public
organ;
（三）按
照执行机关规定报告自己的活动情况；（
3
）
< br> report on his own
activities
according to the demand of the organ executing the
public
surveillance;
（四）遵守执行机
关关于会客的规定；（
4
）
observe the
stipulation on meeting with
guests by the organ executing the public
surveillance; and
（五）离开所居住的市、
县或者迁居，应当报经执行机关批
准。
（
5
）
report and obtain approval from the organ
executing public
surveillance for
departure from the county or city where he lives
or
change in residence.
对于被判处管制的犯罪分子，在劳动中应当同工同酬。
Criminals
sentenced to public surveillance shall, while
engaged in
labour, receive equal pay
for equal work.
第四十条
被判处管制的犯罪分子，管
制期满，执行机关应即向本人和其所
在单位或者居住地的群众宣布解除管制。
Article
40
Upon
the
expiration
of
a
term
of
public
surveillance,
the
executing organ shall immediately
announce the termination of public
surveillance
to
the
criminal
sentenced
to
public
surveillance
and
to
his
unit or the masses of the place of his
residence.
第四十一条
管制的刑期，从判决执行
之日起计算；判决执行以前先行羁押
的，羁押一日折抵刑期二日。
Article 41 A
term of public surveillance shall be counted from
the
date
the
judgment
begins
to
be
executed;
if
the
criminal
is
held
in
custody
before the execution
of the judgment, each day spent in custody shall
be considered as two days of the term
sentenced.
第三节
拘
役
Section 3 Criminal
Detention
第四十二条
拘役
的期限，
为一个月以上六个月以下。
Article
42
A
term
of
criminal
detention
shall
not
be
less
than
1
months
and not more than 6
months.
第四十三条
被判处拘役的犯罪分子，由公安机关就近执行。
Article 43
Where
a criminal is
sentenced to criminal detention, his
sentence
shall
be
executed
by
the
public
security
organ
in
the
vicinity.
在执行期间，被判处拘役的犯罪分子每月可以回家一天至两天；参加劳动
的
，可以酌量发给报酬。
During the period of execution, a
criminal sentenced to criminal
detention may go home for one to two
days each month; an appropriate
remuneration may be given to those who
participate in labour.
第四十四条
拘役的刑期，从判决执行
之日起计算；判决执行以前先行羁押
的，羁押一日折抵刑期一日。
Article 44 A
term of criminal detention shall be counted from
the
date
the
judgment
begins
to
be
executed;
if
the
criminal
is
held
in
custody
before the execution
of the judgment, each day in custody shall be
considered as one day of the term
sentenced.
第四节
有期徒刑、无期徒刑
Section
4
Fixed-Term
Imprisonment
and
Life
Imprisonment
第四十五条
有期徒刑的期限，
除本法第五十条、
第
六十九条规定
外，为六个月以上十五年以下。
Article 45 A
term of fixed-term imprisonment, unless otherwise
stipulated inArticle 50 andArticle 69,
shall not be less than 6 months
and not
more than 15 years.
第四十六条
被判处有期徒刑、无期徒
刑的犯罪分子，在监狱或者其他执行
场所执行；凡有劳动能力的，都应当参加劳动，接受
教育和改造。
Article 46 A criminal sentenced to
fixed-term imprisonment or life
imprisonment shall serve his sentence
in prison or another place for
execution. Anyone who is able to work
shall participate in labour, and
accepts education and reform.
第四十七条
有期徒刑的刑期，从判决
执行之日起计算；判决执行以前先行
羁押的，羁押一日折抵刑期一日。
< br>
Article 47
A term of fixed-term imprisonment shall be counted
from
the date the judgment begins to be
executed; if the criminal is held in
custody before the execution of the
judgment, each day in custody shall
be
considered as one day of the term sentenced.
第五节
死
刑
Section 5 The Death
Penalty
第四十八条
死刑只适
用于罪
行极其严重的犯罪分子。对于应当判处死刑的犯罪分子，如果不是必须立即执
行的，可以判处死刑同时宣告缓期二年执行。
Article 48 The
death penalty shall only be applied to criminals
who
have committed the most heinous
crimes. If the immediate execution of
a
criminal punishable by death is not deemed
necessary, a two-year
suspension of
execution may be pronounced simultaneously with
the
imposition of the death sentence.
死刑除依法由最高人民法院判决的
以外，都应当报请最高人民法院核准。
死刑缓期执行的，可以由高级人民法院判决或者核
准。
All death sentences except for those
that according to law should
be decided
by the Supreme People
’
s
Court, shall be submitted to the
Supreme People
’
s
Court
for
approval.
Death sentences
with
a
suspension
of execution may be decided or approved
by a higher People
’
s court.
第四十九条
犯罪的时候不满十八周岁
的人和审判的时候怀孕的妇女，不适
用死刑。
Article
49
The
death
penalty
shall
not
be
imposed
on
persons
who
had
not
reached
the
age
of
18
at
the
time
the
crime
was
committed
or
to
women
who are pregnant at
the time of trial.
第五十条
判处死刑缓期执行的，
在死刑缓期执行期间，
如果没有故意犯罪，
二年期满以后，减为无期徒刑；如果确有重大立功表现，二年期满以后，减为
十五年以上
二十年以下有期徒刑；如果故意犯罪，查证属实的，由最高人民法
院核准，执行死刑。<
/p>
Article 50 If a person sentenced to
death with a suspension of
execution
does not commit an intentional crime during the
period of
suspension, his punishment
shall be commuted to life imprisonment upon
the
expiration
of
that
two-year
period;
if
he
performs
great
meritorious
service,
his punishment
shall
be commuted to
fixed-term
imprisonment
of
not less than 15 years and not more
than 20 years upon the expiration
of
that two-year period; if it is verified that be
has committed an
intentional
crime,
the
death
penalty
shall
be
executed
upon
the
approval
of the Supreme
People
’
s Court.
第五十一条
死刑缓期执行的期间，从判决确定之日起计算。死刑缓期执行
减为有期徒刑的刑期，从
死刑缓期执行期满之日起计算。
Article 51 The term of suspension of
execution of a death penalty
shall be
counted from the date the judgment becomes final.
The term of
a fixed-term imprisonment
that is commuted from a death penalty with
suspension of execution shall be
counted from the date of expiration of
the term of suspension of execution of
a death.
第六节
罚
金
Section 6
Fines
第五十二条
判处罚金，应
当根据犯罪情节
决定罚金数额。
Article 52 The amount of
any fine imposed shall be determined
according to the circumstances of the
crime.
第五十三条
罚金在判决指定的期限内
一次或者分期缴纳。期满不缴纳的，
强制缴纳。对于不能全部缴纳罚金的，人民法院在任
何时候发现被执行人有可
以执行的财产，应当随时追缴。如果由于遭遇不能抗拒的灾祸缴
纳确实有困难
的，可以酌情减少或者免除。
Article
53
A
fine
may
be
paid
in
a
lump
sum
or
in
installments
within
the time limit
specified in
the judgment.
If a fine is
not paid upon the
expiration
of
that
time
limit,
the
payment
shall
be
compelled.
If
a
person
is unable to pay all
the fine, a People
’
s court
shall, when it finds
that the person
subjected to execution has any other property,
pursue
the payment at any time. If a
person has true difficulties in paying
because of an unavoidable disaster, the
fine may be reduced or remitted
according to the circumstances.
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