-
高
考
总
复
习
：
主
语
< br>从
句
及
宾
语
从
句
真题再现
1. (2016
高考北京卷
)Your
support is important to our
work
．
________ you can do
helps.
A
．
However
B
．
Whoever
．
Whatever
D
．
Wherever
2. (2016
高考江苏卷
)It is often the case
______anything is possible for those who hang on
to hope
．
A
．
why
B
．
what
C
．
as
D
．
that
3. (2017
高考北京卷
)Jane moved aimlessly
down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she
was
heading.
A. why
B. where
C.
how
D. when
4. (2017
高考北京卷
) Every year, ______
makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in
the Kite
Festival.
A.
whatever
B. whoever
C. whomever
D.
whichever
5.
（
2017
高考江苏卷）
We choose this hotel
because the price for a night here is down to $$20,
half of
_________ it used to charge.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D.
how
6.
（
2017
高考江苏卷）
He hurried home, never
once looking back to see if he __________.
A. was being followed
C. had been
followed
B. was following
D. followed
7.
（
2017
高考天津卷）
She asked me _______ I
had returned the books to the library, and I
admitted
that I hadn’t.
A. when
B. where
C. whether
D. what
8.
（
2017
北京西城一模）
It is entirely true
_______ children learn more from people they like.
So, try
to be friends with them.
A. what
B. why
C.
that
D.
how
9.
（
2017
北京西城一模）
The results of the
experiment turned out contrary to ______ was
expected.
A. what
B. which
C. whom
D.
that
答案与解析
；题目考查主
语从句。
helps
是谓语，
“
________ you can do
”是主语部分，即主语从句
，在主语
从句中，
do
后缺少宾语，表
示“任何事情”，因此用
whatever
引导，故选
C
。
2. D
；考查主语从句。句意：通常情况下，对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。该句是主
语从句，句子的
it
是形式主语，故用
that
引导从句作真正的主语从句。
3. B
。考查宾语从句。句意：
Ja
ne
漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上，不知道她将去往何方，根
据句意可知选
B
。
。
考查主语从句。
句意：
每年
，
任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。
____
_ makes
the most beautiful
kite
是主语从句，根据意思可知答案。
5. C
。考查宾语从句。“
half
of _________ it used to charge
”是
$$20
的同位语，即原来价格的一半
是现在的
$$20
；另外，
of
后
跟名词或名词短语构成介宾短语，所以，这里是宾语从句；宾语从句
中的
charge
后面缺少宾语，所以用
what
来引导宾语从句，并充当宾语从句的宾语，故选
C
。
6. A
考查宾语从句和时态
。分析句子成分可知，
he
和
foll
ow
是被动关系，即他被别人跟踪，排
除
B
、
D
；根据句意“在匆忙赶回家的
路上，他从未回头看是否正被跟踪”，故用过去进行时最
合适，故选
A
。
7. C
< br>。句意：他问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。
A.
什么时候；
B.
在哪里；
C.
是否；
D.
什么。根据句意，故选<
/p>
C
。
8. C
。
考查主语从句。
it
作形式主语，
真正的主语从句为
______
children learn more from people they
li
ke
。从句部分陈述一个事实，用
that
引导。
9. A.
本题考查宾语
从句。介词
to
带宾语从句。在从句中缺主语，选用连接代词<
/p>
what
。
知识讲解
主语从句和宾语从句的引导词
tha
t
和
what
的区别
< br>
从句中缺少主语时，常用
w
hat
引导，也可用
which
表示选
择，用
who/whom/whoever
指人。
what
引导主语从句、宾语从句等名词性从句时，表示“所……的
(
东西
)
”，并且在从
句中充当句
子成分。而
that
作为从
属连词，引导主语从句、宾语从句时，其本身没有实际意义，不充当句子
成分。
that
引导主语从句时不省略，引导宾语从句时一般可以省略，但有些
情况不可省略。
That
fashion differs from country to country
may reflect the cultural differences from one
aspect.
It is pretty well
understood
what
controls the
flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere
today.
Leaving the less important
things until tomorrow is often acceptable.
（
2016
高考新课
标乙卷）
Some people may think that a garden is
no more than plants, flowers, patterns and
masses of color.
（
2016
高考新课标乙卷）
“I
didn’t know what my New York friends were thinking
.
”
（
201
6
高考新课标丙卷）
Researchers analyzing word
-<
/p>
of
-
mouth communica
tion
—
e
-
mails
，
Web posts and reviews
，
face
-
to
-
face
conversations
—
found that it
tended to be more positive than negative
(
消极的
)
，
but that
didn’t necessarily mean
people preferred positive
news
.
（
2016
高考新课标丙卷）
He found
that science amazed Times’ readers and made them
want to share this p
ositive feeling
with
others
.
（
2016
高考新课标丙卷）
“
What
I
’
m hoping to accomplish is
that
my generation and
younger start to reconsider and
understand
that
jazz is not black and write anymore.
（
2017
高考新课标甲卷）
Moran
says one of the problems with jazz today is
that
the entertainment
aspect of the music has been
lost.
（
2017
高考新课标
I
卷）
He and I both knew what the deal was,
and we didn’t talk about it.
（
2017
高考新课标
II
卷）
if
和
whether
的区
别
主语从句
(
放在句首时
)
常由
whether
引导。作及物动词宾语时，用
if/w
hether
均可，但有区
别；作介词宾语时只用
whether
；后面紧跟
or not
时，只用
whether
。
Whether she will go home or not is
unknown.
Whether we shall
raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.
= It remains to be decided
whether/if we shall raise ducks or geese.
但我们不能说
If we
shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.
He just doesn
’
t
care whether his neighbor gets fed or
not
．
Chimps are truly
selfish
．（
2016
高考江
苏卷）
Dreaming
about
whether
you
would
want
to
read
minds
，
see
through
walls
，
or
have
superhuman
strength
may
sound
silly
，
but
it
actually
gets
to
the
heart
of
what
really
matters
in
your
life
．（
2016
高考四川卷）
I
now
quickly
look
to
see
whether
somebody
else
has
already
thought
of
it
，
or
something
similar.
（
2016
高考江苏卷）
It can be inferred from the passage
that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whether people would
pay as much
attention to a kitemark as
they think.
（
2016
高考上海卷）
I don
’
t care
whether/ if he comes.
It depends on
whether you can do the job well.
其他连接代词和连接副词的选用
连接代词（
what, which, who, whom,
whose
）在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语；连接副
词（
when, where, why, how, whether, if
等）在从句中作状语。无论是连接代词还是连接副词，都
有各自的意义。<
/p>
It matters little
how
a man dies, but what
matters much is how he lives.
It was a
matter of
who
would take the
position.
No one can be sure
what
man will look like in a million
years.
I have not been told
where
the meeting will be
held.
He explained
why
he set off so early that
day.
Whose
girlfriend is the
most beautiful is not the most important
thing.
whoever
与
whatever
，
whichever<
/p>
的区别
whoever, whatever, whichever
除了可以引导让步状语从句，
相当于
no matter
who/ what/ which
外，还可以引导名词从句。
whoever
相当于
anyone
who
，表明泛指关系，表示“任何……的人都，凡是……的人都”。
< br>
I hate whoever lies.
Whoever wins gets a prize.
w
hatever
相当于
anything
that
，表示“无论什么……”。
Whatever he thinks doesn't matter.
Whatever you want can be found here.
whichever
意为“无论哪个
，无论哪些”。既可指人，也可指物；既可单独使用，也可修饰名词，
也可以跟
of
短语连用。