-
Chapter
3
：
Morphology
I.
Decide whether each of the following statements is
True or False:
T
1.
Morphology
studies
the
internal
structure
of
words
and
the
rules
by
which
words
are formed.
F
are the smallest
meaningful units of language.
T
3. Just as
a
phoneme is the basic
unit in the study
of phonology,
so is a morpheme
the basic unit in the study of
morphology.
T
4.
The
smallest
meaningful
units
that
can
be
used
freely
all
by
themselves
are
free
morphemes.
T
5. Bound morphemes include
two types: roots and affixes.
T6.
Inflectional morphemes manifest various
grammatical relations or grammatical
categories such as number, tense,
degree
, and case.
T
7. The existing form to
which a derivational affix can be added is called
a stem,
which can be a bound root, a
free morpheme, or a derived form itself.
F
8.
Prefixes
usually
modify
the
part
of
speech
of
the
original
word,
not
the
meaning
of it.
F
9. There
are rules that govern which affix can be added to
what type of stem to
form a new word.
Therefore, words formed according to the
morphological rules are
acceptable
words.
T
10.
Phonetically,
the
stress
of
a
compound
always
falls
on
the
first
element,
while
the second element
receives secondary stress.
T
11. The word
“
if
”
is a closed class word.
12
.
A morpheme is neither a meaning nor a stretch of
sounds but a meaning and a
sequence of
sounds joined together.
II. Fill in
each blank below with one word which begins with
the letter given:
13. Morpheme is the
smallest meaningful unit of language.
14
. The affix
“
-
ish” in
the
word boyish conveys a grammatical meaning.
15. Bound morphemes are those that
cannot be used independently but have to be
combined with other morphemes, either
free or bound, to form a word.
16.
Affixes are of two types: inflectional affixes and
derivative
affixes.
17.
Derivative
affixes are added to an existing form to create
words.
18.
A
suffix
is
added
to
the
end
of
stems
to
modify
the
meaning
of
the
original
word
and
it may case change its part of speech.
19.
Compounding
is
the
combination
of
two
or
sometimes
more
than
two
words
to
create
new words.
20. The rules
that govern which affix can be added to what type
of stem to form a
new word are called
morphological rules.
21. In terms of
morphemic analysis, derivation can be viewed as
the addition of
affixes to stems to
form new words.
22. A stem can be a
bound root, a free morpheme, or a derived form
itself to which
a derivational affix
can be added.
23
. The
indefinite articles
“
a
”
and
“
an
”
form a pair of allomorph that are
characterized by c__________________
distribution.
III.
There
are
four
choices
following
each
statement.
Mark
the
choice
that
can
best
complete
the statement:
D
24.
The
morpheme “vision” in the common word “television”
is a(n) ______.
A. bound
morpheme B.
bound form
C.
inflectional morpheme D.
free morpheme
D
25
. The compound
word “bookstore” is the place where books are
sold. This
indicates that the meaning
of a compound __________.
A. is the
sum total of the meaning of its components
B. can always be worked out by looking
at the meanings of morphemes
C. is the
same as the meaning of a free phrase.
D. None of the above.
B
26.
The
part
of
speech
of
the
compounds
is
generally
determined
by
the
part
of
speech
of __________.
A. the first
element B. the second element
C.
either
the
first
or
the
second
element D.
both
the
first
and
the
second
elements
B
27.
_______ are those that cannot be used
independently but have to be combined
with other morphemes, either free or
bound, to form a word.
A. Free
morphemes B. Bound morphemes C. Bound
words D. Words
C
28.
_________
is
a
branch
of
grammar
which
studies
the
internal
structure
of
words
and the
rules by which words are formed.
A.
Syntax B. Grammar C. Morphology
D. Morpheme
C
29. The
meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is
_______.
A. lexical B.
morphemic C. grammatical D. semantic
D
30. Bound morphemes are
those that ___________.
A. have to be
used independently B. can not be combined with
other morphemes
C. can either be free
or bound D. have to be combined with other
morphemes
A31. ____
modify
the
meaning
of
the
stem,
but
usually
do
not
change
the
part
of
speech
of the
original word.
A. Prefixes B.
Suffixes C. Roots D. Affixes
B
32. _________ are often
thought to be the smallest meaningful units of
language
by the linguists.
A. Words B. Morphemes C.
Phonemes D. Sentences
C
33.
“
-
s” in the word
“books” is
_______.
A. a
derivative affix B. a stem C. an
inflectional affix D. a root
B
34. The underlined elements
in
“
He enjoys reading
books
”
share a(n) ______.
A. allomorph B. morph C.
morpheme D. affix