-
形容词和副词
考点
1.
形容词＋
ly
变副词的规则
A.
一般直接加
ly
slow-slowly
quick-quickly
certain-
certainly
usual-usually
B
.<
/p>
以
-1
结尾的，仍加一
< br>ly
gradual-gradually
real-really
hopeful-
hopefully
especial-
especially
C
.
以
-le
结尾的，去
e
加
y
possible-possibly
probable-probably
simple-simply
gentle-gently
D<
/p>
.
以辅音字母
+y
结尾的，变
y
为
i
< br>加
ly
happy-happily
angry-angrily
(
但是
shy
一
shyly)
E
.
以元音字母
+e
结尾的，去
e
加
ly
true-truly
练习：写出下列形容词的副词形式
clear
extreme
strong
kind
shy
exact
free
late
calm
polite
recent
normal
usual
careful
wonderful
special
beautiful
possible
probable
simple
terrible
happy
angry
easy
true
casual
cheerful
mental
考点
2.
根据句子成分选用形容词和副词
常见使用形容词的情况：作表语、定语、补语。
He is a
careful
boy.
（作定语，用形容词）
He is
careful
.
（作表语，用形容词）
You must
keep your eyes
closed
.
（作宾补，用形容词）。
常用副词的情况：修饰动词、形容词、副词和整个句子。
He writes
carefully
. He walks
slowly
.
(
< br>认真地写，慢慢地走，修饰动词用副词
)
He is
probably
at home.
他很有可能在家里。
This
material is
environmentally
friendly.
（修饰形容词）
He runs
very
slowly.
（修饰副词
slowly,
< br>因此
very
是副词）
Unfortunately
, he lost all
of his money.
（修饰整个句子）
可简单归结为：
形修名，
表补定；
副做状，
修
“
副句形动
”(
可
谐音记为
“<
/p>
付诸行动
”)
。
考点
3.
形容词副词的比较级
1
．一般单音节词和少数以
-er,-ow
结尾的双音
节词
,
比较
级在后面加
-er,
最高级在后面加
-est
；
2
．（
1
）单音节词
3
< br>．如
：
small
→
smaller
→
smallest
short
→
shorter
→
shortes
t?
4
．
tall
→
taller
→
tallest
great
→
greater
→
greatest
5
．（
2
）双音节词
6
．如：
clever
→
cleverer
→
cleverest
7
．以不
发音
e
结尾的单音节词
,
比较在原级后加
-r,
最高级
在原级后加
-st
；
8
．如：
large
→
larger
→
largest
nic
e
→
nicer
→
nicest
9
．
3
．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中
,
先双
写末尾的辅音字母
,
比较级加
-er,
最高级加
-est
；
10
．如：
big
→
bigger
→
biggest
hot
→
h
otter
→
hottest
4.<
/p>
以“辅音字母＋
y
”结尾的双音节词
,
把
y
改为
i,
比较级加
-er,
最高级加
-est
；
如：
easy
→
easi
er
→
easiest
heavy
→
heavier
→
heaviest?
busy
→
busier
→
busiest
happy
→
happier
→
happiest
5
．其他双音节词和多音节词
,
比较级在前面加
more,
最高级
在前面加
most
；
<
/p>
如：
beautiful
→
more beautiful
→
most
beautiful
different
→
more
different
→
most different?
easily
→
more
easily
→
most easily
注意：（
1
）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词
the,
副词最
高级前
可不用
.
例句：
The Sahara is the biggest desert in the
world.?
（
2
）
形容词
most
前面没有
< br>the,
不表示最高级的含义
,
只表
示
非常
<
/p>
It is a most
important problem.?
=It is a very important problem.?
6
．有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的
,
必须
熟记
.
< br>如：
good
→
better<
/p>
→
best
well
→
better
→
best
bad
→
w
orse
→
worst
ill
→
worse
→
worst
old
→
older/elder
→
oldes
t/eldest?
many/
much
→
more
→
most
little
→
less
→
least?
far
→
further/farther
→
furthest/farthest
二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法
1
．“
A + be
+
形容词比较级
+ than +
B
”
意思为“
A
比
B
更……”
.
如：
This tree is taller
than that one.
这棵树比那棵树高
.?
注意：在比较级前面使用
much,
表示程
度程度“强得多”
.
如：
A
watermelon is much bigger than an apple.
2
．“比较级
+ and +
比较级”或“
more and more
+
原级”
表示“越来越……”
如：
It becomes warmer and
warmer when spring comes.?
春天来了
,
天气变得越来越暖和了
.
3
．
“
the
+
比较级……
, the+
比较级”<
/p>
,
表示
“越……越……”
.
The more
money you make, the more you spend.
钱你赚得越多
,
花得越多
.
The sooner,the better.?
越快越好
.
4.
形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以<
/p>
上人或事物的比较
,
表示“最……”的意
思
.
如：
He is the
tallest in our class.?
他在我们班里是最高的
.
5.
比较级与最高级的转换：
?
Mike is the most intelligent in his
class.?
Mike is more
intelligent than any other student in his class
注意：
, far,
any,even
等可修饰比较级的词
2.
要避免重复使用比较级
.?
(
错
) He is more
taller than his brother.?
(
对
) He is taller
than his brother.?
Ⅰ
.
用括号内词的形容词或副词形式的适当形式填空
,
并说
明为什么用这种形式。
1.
This math
problem is _____ and I can work it out _____.
(easy)
2.
There was a _____ wind last night, and
it blew
_____.
(strong)
3.
The
boys
have
a
_____
time.
T
hey’re
playing
_____.
(happy)
4.
The_____ girl sings very _____.
(beautiful)
5.
“I’ve missed it
,
”
Robert said _____. (angry)
6.
_____
（
surprising
）
,
he returned safe and sound
(
安然无
恙地
) the next
morning.
7.
_____
(hope), he can get on well with all his classmates
in the new school.
8.
_____, he
didn’t fail in the exam.(luck)
9.
He
was
_____
ill
and
I
was
_____
sorry
for
that.
(terrible)
10.
It
was
_____
(extreme)
cold
that
day
and
the
meeting
was
_____ (especial) important.
11.
He
is
an
_____
singer
and
he
sings
_____
well.
(incredible)
12.
It
’
s _____
(exact) what I have wanted.
13.
It
’
s _____
(simple) a matter of time.
Ⅱ
.
选择括号内的形容词或副词填空。
The
hikers
were
walking
(1.
slow/
slowly)
up
the
mountain
path.
Suddenly,
they
saw
a
large
creature
above
them. It looked very (2. strange/
strangely), with a large head
and thick
black hair. The creature screamed (
尖叫
)
（
3. loud/
loudly.
）
It
sounded
/horribly),
like
the
scream
of
a
mad
person.
Then
the
creature
ran
(5.
quick/
quickly)
behind
a
rock. When the hikers got there, they
saw big footprints in the
snow
and
some
black
hair
on
the
rocks.
The
hair
was
dirty
and
smelled
（
6.
terrible/terribly
）
.
The
hikers
(7.
careful
/carefully) took
photos. From that moment they started to feel
(8. anxious/anxiously) and they slept
(9. bad/ badly) that night.
When they
got back home, they developed
(
冲洗
) the photos.
There was nothing there, only snow and
rocks!
Ⅲ
.
单项选择。
1.
【
19
91
全国】
These oranges taste
_______.
2.
A. good
B. well
C. to be good
D. to be well
3.
?
【<
/p>
2006
上海春】
Some
experts think that language learning
is
much
_____
for
children
as
their
tongues
are
more
flexible.?
4.
A. easy
B. easier
C. easily
D. more easily
5.
【
2005
上海春】
< br>—
What
a
nice
fire
you
have
in
your
fireplace!
6.
—
During the winter I like my
house _____.
7.
A. warmly and comfortably?
B. warm and comfortable
8.
C. warm and
comfortably?
D. warmly and comfortable
9.
【
20
09
福建】
It seems that living
green is _____ easy and
affordable. A
small step makes a big difference.
10.
A. exactly
B. fortunately C. surprisingly
D. hardly
11.
—
What do you think of the
plan????
12.
—
I feel _____ that we ought
to give it up at once.?
13.
A. strong
B. stronger
C. strongly
D. it strong
14.
【
2
004
上海】
He speaks English well
indeed, but of course
not _____ a
native speaker.
15.
A. as fluent
as
B. more fluent than
16.
C. so fluently as
D. much fluently than
17.
【
2
006
湖南】
Although she did not
know Boston well, she
made her way
_____ to the Home Circle Building.
18.
A. easy
enough
B. enough easy
19.
C. easily
enough
D. enough easily
20.
【
2007
上海春】
Nowadays the roles of
husband and wife
are
not
as
_____
defined
as
before,
especially
when
both
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