基于OV2640视频数据压缩与储存的实现

专业班级

电子信息工程

12-4

学生

设计（论文）工作起止日期

2016.3.1

—

2016.6.20

指导教师签字

日期

专业（系）主任签字

日期

- III -

基于

OV2640

< br>视频数据压缩与储存的实现

摘

要

随着近年来信息技术的快速发展，信息的传播速度、方式的提高，人

们对图像信息的依赖越来越大，到目前为止，图像处理的应用已经非常广

泛，工业、医疗 、教育、安防、等等，图像处理已经渗透在我们的生活中。

此设计是基于

OV2640

图像传感器模块与意法半导体（

ST

）生产的

STM32

系列微控制器进行图像 的采集、压缩、传输以及储存。

此次设计基于

STM32F103ZET6

与

OV2640

建立嵌入式图像处理系统，

主要设计内容有：硬件电路，主程序、驱动程 序的编写，采集后图像的压

缩以及

STM32

< br>上

DMA

传输的应用。主程序主要负责各个硬件的初始化 ，

以及系统的运行等。驱动程序主要有

OV2640

集图像的方式，数据格式，采集速度，等等。< /p>

TFT-LCD

驱动，主要控制其

显示， 以及初始化序列等。

【关键词】：

STM32

，

OV2640

- IV -

COMPRESSION AND STORAGE OF VIDEO DATA BASED

ON OV2640

ABSTRACT

As in recent years the rapid development of information technology, improve the speed

of information dissemination, way, people depend on the image information more and more,

so

far,

the

application

of

image

processing

has

been

very

widely,

industrial,

medical,

education,

security,

and

so

on,

image

processing

has

penetrated

in

our

life.

This

design

is

based on the OV2640 image sensor module and the

Italian method

of

semiconductor (ST)

production

of

STM32

series

microcontroller

for

image

acquisition,

compression,

transmission and storage.

The

design

based

on

stm32f103zet6

and

ov2640

establishment

of

embedded

image

processing system, the main content of the design: hardware circuit and the main program,

driver program preparation, after the collection of image compression and the application of

the STM32 DMA transfers. The main program is mainly responsible for the initialization of

the hardware, as well as the operation of the system, etc.. The main driver of the OV2640

image sensor driver, control the way the image acquisition, data format, acquisition speed,

and so on. TFT-LCD driver, mainly control the display, and the initialization sequence.

KEY WORDS:

STM32,OV2640 ,embedded system ,image

processing

- V -

目

录

摘

要

.. .................................................. .................................................. .................................

I

V

ABSTRACT .............................. .................................................. ............................................. V

第

1

章

绪

论

.......................... .................................................. ............................................. 1

1.1

课题研究的目的及其意义

................ .................................................. ...................... 1

1.2

视频采集、压缩与存储国内外研究现状

.......... .................................................. .... 2

1.2.1

图像传感器发展历程

.................. .................................................. ................. 2

1.2.2

图像压缩技术发展

................... .................................................. .................... 3

1.2.3

图像压缩技术现阶段应用

................ .................................................. ........... 5

1.3

本文的主要内容

.................... .................................................. .................................. 5

第

2

章

OV2640

工作原理及内部结构

. .................................................. ............................... 6

2.1 OV2640

简介

.... .................................................. .................................................. ...... 6

2.2 OV2640

工作原理

................. .................................................. ................................... 6

2.2.1 OV2640

传感器功能模块。

................... .................................................. ..... 7

2.2.2 OV2640

时序

................... .................................................. .............................. 9

2.3

本章小结

........ .................................................. .................................................. ...... 10

第

3

章

视频压缩存储系统硬件设计

............... .................................................. .................. 11

3.1

系统结构设计

..................... .................................................. ................................... 11

3.2

图像采集模块电路

.... .................................................. ............................................ 11

3.3

微控制器相关电路

................... .................................................. ............................. 12

3.4

本章小结

........ .................................................. .................................................. ...... 14

第

4

章

视频压缩存储系统软件设计

............... .................................................. .................. 15

4.1

系统流程图

...................... .................................................. ...................................... 15

4.2

系统硬件初始化

.................... .................................................. ................................ 16

4.2.1 LED

初始化

.... .................................................. ............................................. 16

4.2.2

串口初始化

...................... .................................................. ........................... 16

4.2.3

按键初始化

..... .................................................. ............................................ 16

4.2.4 LCD

初始化

..................... .................................................. ............................ 16

4.2.5 OV2640

初始化

. .................................................. .......................................... 16

4.3

系统主程序设计

.................... .................................................. ................................ 17

4.3.1 OV2640

图像采集程序

............... .................................................. ................ 17

4.3.2

直接存储器访问（

DMA

）

.

...................... .................................................. . 19

- VI -

4.3.3

主函数设计

..... .................................................. ............................................ 20

第

5

章

功能测试结果

..................... .................................................. .................................... 22

第

6

章

结论

......................... .................................................. ................................................ 24

参考文献

......... .................................................. .................................................. .................... 25

致

谢

.. .................................................. .................................................. ................................. 27

- VII -

第

1

章

绪

论

1.1

课题研究的目的及其意义

计算机处理 视频的前提是进行图像压缩。

图像信号数字化以后数据带宽比较高，

一

般会达到

20MB/

秒，所以计 算机将会很难对其进行保存、传输和处理。采用数据压缩

后数据带宽可以下降到