高考英语阅读系列8

高考英语阅读系列（

8

）

A

Geraldo

Rivera

is

well

known

for

his

compassionate

investigative

reports

on

WABC- TV Eyewitness News. He has done exposes of New York City's welfare hotels, the

over- pricing of prescription drugs, and drug abuse. In 1971, he received the Associated

Press

Broadcaster

of

the

Year

award

for

the

program

Drug

Crisis

in

East

Harlem.

He

received the award again in 1972 for the program Migrants, Dirt Cheap.

His

most

famous

expose

however

was

done

on

the

horrible

conditions

at

Staten

Island's

Wil-lowbrook

State

School.

It

is

the

world's

largest

institution

for

the

mentally

disabled. His investigation began when he and his camera crew gained access to one of

the buildings.

Geraldo's emotionally charged reports exposed the unsanitary conditions

and neglectful, of ten abusive, treatment of the patients. He cried over what he discovered,

and

he made his viewers cry, too. The programs created

a

public plea for reform, and

changes were made. Governor Nelson Rockefeller of New York restored $$ 20 million to

the

school's

slashed

budget.

The

programs_

Willow

brook

earned

him

the

Scripps-Howard Award, an Emmy,and the Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award.

Geraldo

Rivera

has

continued

working

for

the

mentally

disabled.

He

founded

One- to-0ne,a

charity

that

provides

small

group

homes

for

the

care

of

the

mentally

disabled in the community. He hosts huge outdoor festivals for the mentally disabled in

New York City's Central Park. He also wrote a book about some of the courageous people

he has met as an investigative journalist. It is called A Special Kind of Courage. As he

himself says,

people cry. I'm in the business of change.

1. Geraldo Rivera is working as a(n) _____.

A) news reporter for a newspaper in New York

B) investigative reporter for a special TV program

C) investigative officer of the New York government

D) philanthropist for the welfare of the mentally disabled

Key

：

B

。从文章第 一句

“… well known for his compassionate investigative repo

rts on

WABC-TV

一语，可得出

B

）项答案。

2. How many awards did Rivera receive for his work?

A) Two

B) Three

C) Four

D) Five

Key

：

D

。文中提到其人五次得奖：①

Ass ociated Press Broadcaster of the Year Award

（

1971

）

；

②

this

award

again

in

1972

；

③

Scripps-Howard

Award

；

④

Emm y

；

⑤

lism Award

。

3. Rivera's investigation and expose on the conditions at Willowbrook State School led to

A) the public concern and request for changes

B) the improvement of the conditions there

C) a considerable increase in the school's budget

D) all of the above

Key

：

D

。第二段中，

“created a public plea for reform”

与

A

）项内容相对应；

“changes

were made”

与

B

项内容相吻合；

而

“r estored $$20 million to the school's slashed budget”

与

C

）项相一致。故

A

）

、

B

）和

C

）三项皆应并在一起，故选

D

）

。

4. The term

A)

an

organization

in

the

community

that

helps

take

better

care

of

the

mentally

disabled

B) a device that helps the mentally disabled behave themselves

C) an organization that provides homes for the mentally disabled

D) a hospital that helps cure the mentally disabled

Key

：

A

。见第三段第二句

“…a charity that provides small group homes for the care of

the mentally disabled in the community”

。

5. The author suggests in this passage that _____.

A) Rivera has always been objective in reporting what he finds

B) Rivera never tries to conceal his own compassion in his reporting

C) Rivera has changed people's views on the disabled

D) Rivera's work and efforts have greatly improved the conditions of the disabled in

New York

Key

：

B

。

第三段中所引述

Rivera

的原语

“I make no pretense of objectivity”

，

即表明

B

）

项内容。

B

The oldest and simplest method, then, of describing differences in personality was to

classify people according to types. Such a system is called a Typology.

A famous example of this method was set forth in Greece about the year 400 B. C. A

physician named Hippocrates theorized that there were four fluids, or humors, in the body.

Corresponding to each humor, he believed, there existed a definite type of personality.

The four humors were blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm. A person in whom all

four humors were in perfect balance had a hannonious personality. If a person had too

much blood, he was called sanguine, or cheerful and optimistic. Someone with too much

yellow

bile

was

choleric,

or

irritable

and

easily

angered.

T

oo

much

black

bile

made

a

person

melancholy,

or

depressed

and

pessimistic.

An

oversupply

of

phlegm

caused

a

human

being

to

be

phlegmatic,

or

slow

and

unfeeling.

Scientists

have

long

since

discarded Hippocrates' fluid theory. But the names of the humors, corresponding to these

temperaments,

have

survived

and

are

still

useful,

to

some

extent,

in

describing

personality.

Other features of people, such as their faces and physiques, have also been used to

classify

personality.

Today,

however,

personality

theories

and

classifications

may

also

include

factors

such

as

heredity,

the

environment,

intelligence,

and

emotional

needs.

Psychology,

biology,

and

sociology

are

involved

in

these

theories.

Because

of

the

complexity of human personality, present-day theories are often very different from one

another.

Psychologists

vary

in

their

ideas

about

what

is

most

important

in

determining

personality.

6. This passage focuses on _____.

A) the history of the system of typology

B) important factors in determining personality

C) personality theory and classification

D) important features of human beings

< /p>

Key

：

C

。< /p>

文

章

第

一

句

为

主

题

，

“…describing

differences

in

pe rsonality”

即

含

“pers onality theory”

之意；

“to classify people according to types”

即为

“classification”

。

7. According to Hippocrates' fluid theory, a person with a perfect balance of all the four

humors in him _____.

A) was humorous and good at singing

B) had a pleasant and agreeable temperament

C) would always be cheerful and optimistic

D) seldom quarrelled or fought with others

Key

B

。第三段第二句中

“ …

had

a

harmonious

personality”

一语与选项

B

）

“had

a

pleasant and agreeable temperament”

同义。

8. Which of the following is NOT true?

A) People with too much yellow bile were easily angered.

B) The names of the four fluids are still used today.

C) People with an oversupply of blood would easily get excited.

D) Many features of human beings have been used to classify personality.

Key

：

C

。第三段第三行中说及

“If

a

person

had

too

much

blood,

he

was

called

sanguine, or cheerful and optimistic”

，并非指其人

“would easily get excited”

。

9. Modem personality theories and classifications ______.

A) are often very different because personality itself is rather complicated

B) involve psychology, biology, and sociology

C) are based only on heredity, the environment, intelligence, and emotional needs

D) all of the above

Key

：

A

。最后一段中

“Because of the complexity of human personality”

一句，与

A

）

项意思一致。

10. In the forth-coming paragraphs, the author is most probably going to talk about _____.

A) some new interpretations of the Hippocrates' fluid theory

B) different opinions of psychologists about the factors in determining personality

C) various definitions of typology given by different psychologists

D) the comparison between present-day personality theories and ancient personality

theories

Key

：

B

。文章最后提到 现代

psychologists

持不同意见，故后文中很有可 能列述有关决

定个人性格的诸多因素的各种不同观点。