-
Designation: A 358/A 358M
–
01
An American
National Standard
名称
:A358/A358M-01
Used in USDOE-NE Standards
美
国国家标准用于
USDOE_NE
标准
Standard Specification for
Electric-Fusion-Welded
Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Alloy
Steel Pipe for High-Temperature
Service1
高温用电熔焊奥氏体铬镍合金钢管标准规范
This
standard
is
issued
under
the
fixed
designation
A
358/A
358M;
the
number
immediately
following
the
designation
indicates
the
year
of
original
adoption
or,
in
the
case
of
revision,
the
year of last revision. A
number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e)
indicates an editorial change since the last
revision or reapproval.
此标准以固定名称
A358/ A 358
M
发布
,
紧随名称之后的数字，表示
采用本标准的年份或上
次修改本标准的年份。上方的希腊字母
(
e)
表示上一次再版或审核的版次变化。
1. Scope
范围
1.1 This
specification2 covers electric-fusion-welded
austenitic chromium-nickel alloy steel pipe
suitable for corrosive or high-
temperature service, or both.
< br>此规范适用于腐蚀环境或高温环境的电熔焊奥氏体铬镍合金钢管。
NOTE
1
—
The
dimensionless
designator
NPS
(nominal
pipe
size)
has
been
substituted
in
this
standard for such
traditional terms as ―nominal diameter,‖ ―size,‖
and ―nominal size.‖
注
1-
无量
纲符号
NPS
（名义钢管尺寸）在此标准中替换为传统的术语“
名义直径”
“尺寸”和“标称尺寸”
1.2 This specification covers nineteen
grades of alloy steel as indicated in Table 1. The
selection of
the
proper
alloy
and
requirements
for
heat
treatment
shall
be
at
the
discretion
of
the
purchaser,
dependent on the service conditions to
be encountered.
此规范包含图表
1
中
19
个级别的合金
钢。根据使用条件，买方应慎重选择合适的合金钢，
和正确的热处理程序。
1.3 Five classes of pipe are
covered as follows:
下列包括
5
种类别的钢管
1.3.1 Class
1
—
Pipe shall be double
welded by processes employing filler metal in all
passes and
shall be completely
radiographed.
1
类
钢管采用所有焊道填充金属的双面焊，并完全经过射线检查。
1.3.2 Class
2
—
Pipe shall be double
welded by processes employing filler metal in all
passes. No
radiography is required.
2
类
钢管采用所有焊道填充金属的双面焊，不需要射线检查。
1.3.3 Class
3
—
Pipe shall be single
welded by processes employing filler metal in all
passes and
shall be completely
radiographed.
3
类
钢管采用所有焊道填充金属单面焊，并完全经过射线检查。
1.3.4 Class
4
—
Same as Class 3 except
that the weld pass exposed to the inside pipe
surface may
be made without the
addition of filler metal (see 6.2.2.1 and
6.2.2.2).
4
类
和三类相同，只是焊道暴露于钢管内壁，可能没有填加填充金属。
1.3.5 Class
5
—
Pipe shall be double
welded by processes employing filler metal in all
passes and
shall be spot radiographed.
5
类
钢管采用所有焊道金属填充的双面焊，应进行缺陷射线检测
1.4 Supplementary
requirements covering provisions ranging from
additional testing to formalized
procedures for manufacturing practice
are provided. Supplementary Requirements S1
through S6
are included as options to
be specified when desired.
提供了补充要求，
包括附加测试到生产实践的正规程序等条款。
作为详细说明的选项，
补充
说明
S1-S6
也包括在内。
1.5
The
values
stated
in
either
inch-pound
units
or
SI
units
are
to
be
regarded
separately
as
standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
system are
not exact equivalents;
therefore, each system must be used independently
of the other. Combining
values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the
specification. The inch-pound
units
shall apply unless the ―M‖ designation of this
specification is specified in the order.
本文中所述的值或以英寸磅为单位，
或采用国际单位，应作为标准区分对待。在本文中，国
际单位在括号内表示。
各系统所表示的数值不完全相等，
所以每一系统必须区别于另一系统
单独使用。
两个系统的数值混在一起使用会导致规范的不一致。
应采用英寸磅单位，
除非在
顺序上指定
M
为首选。
2. Referenced Documents
参考资料
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ASTM
标准。
A 240/A
240M Specification for Heat-Resisting Chromium
and Chromium-Nickel
Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and
Strip for Pressure
Vessels
注
3
A240/A 240M
压力容器用耐热铬及铬镍不锈钢板，薄板和带材
A 262 Practices for
Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack
in Austenitic Stainless
Steels
注
3
A262
奥氏体不锈钢晶间浸蚀敏感度检测的应用
A
480/A
480M
Specification
for
General
Requirements
for
Flat-Rolled
Stainless
and
Heat-Resisting Steel
Plate, Sheet, and Strip3
A4
80
、
A480M
平面轧辊不锈钢和耐
热钢板材、薄板和带材一般要求的标准规范
A 941 Terminology Relating to Steel,
Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys4
A941
钢，不锈钢
,
相关合金和铁合金术语
A
999/A 999M Specification for General Requirements
for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe 4
A999/A999M
合金和不锈钢管的一般要求规范。
E
527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
(UNS)4
E527
金属及合金编号（统一编号系统）
2.2 ASME Boiler
and Pressure Vessel Code: Section I, Welding and
Brazing Qualifications5
Section IX, Welding Qualifications5
ASME
锅炉和压力容器准则
2.3 AWS
Specifications:6
美国焊接学会规范
A 5.22 Flux Cored Arc
Welding
管状焊丝电弧焊
A 5.30 Consumable Weld
Inserts for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
钨极气体电弧焊
A 5.4
Corrosion-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel
Steel Covered Welding Electrodes
耐腐蚀铬及铬镍钢覆盖焊条
A
5.9
Corrosion-Resisting
Chromium
and
Chromium-Nickel
Steel
Welding
Rods
and
Bare
Electrodes
耐腐蚀铬及铬镍钢焊条和裸焊条
A
5.11 Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Covered Welding
Electrodes
镍和镍合金包裹焊条
A 5.14
Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Bare Welding Rods and
Electrodes
镍和镍合金裸焊条
2.4 Other Standard:
其它标准
注：
1 This
specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM
Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys,
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.10 on Stainless and
Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
此规范归属于钢，不锈钢及相关合金
ASTM
A01
委员会，不锈钢以及合金钢管材产品则归属于
A
01.10
小
组委员会。
Current edition approved Mar. 10, 2001.
Published May 2001. Originally
published as A 358
–
52 T. Last previous
edition A 358/A 358M
–
00.
当前版本核准于
2001
年
3
月
10
日。
2001
年
5
月发行。原版本为
A358-52T
。此前最后一次版本为
A358
A358M-00
2 For
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications
see related Specifications
SA-358 in Section II of that Code.
对于
ASME
锅炉和压力容器准则的应用请见相关规范。
3 Annual Book of ASTM Standards,
V
ol 01.03.
ASTM
标准年刊，
01,03
卷
4 Annual
Book of ASTM Standards, V
ol 01.01.
ASTM
标准年刊，
01,01
卷
5 Available from ASME International,
Three Park Avenue, New York, NY
10016
–
5990.
纽约三公园大道
ASME
国际
10016-5990
有售。
6 American Welding Society,
550 LeJeune Road, P.O. Box 351040, Miami, FL
33135.
美国焊接学会，佛罗
里达州，迈阿密，
Lejeune
路
5
50
号，
351040
信箱
Copyright . ASTM,
100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA
19428-2959, United States.
著作权
美国，巴拿马州，西康舍霍肯，港口大道
100
号，
电话
19428-2959
COPYRIGHT American Society for Testing
and Materials
Licensed by
Information Handling Services
著作权
美国材料与试验协会信息处理部许可。
原件第一页结束
TABLE 1 Plate and Filler Metal
Specifications
表格
1
板材和填充金属规范
图详见原图
图下注释：
A New
designation established in accordance with ASTM E
527 and SAE J 1086.
新的名称根据<
/p>
ASTM527
和
SAE
Ｊ１０８６标准建立。
B
Choice of American Welding Society specification
depends on the welding process used.
选择美国焊接学会的规范应根据使用的焊接工艺。
C In previous editions, S30600 was
incorrectly shown as S01815.
在之前版本，Ｓ３０６００被错误的显示为Ｓ０１８１５
SAE J1086 Practice for
Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
注
7
Ｓ
AEJ 1086
金属和合金编号的
应用（统一编号系统）
。
3. Terminology
术语
3.1
Definitions:
定义
3.1.1 The definitions in Specification
A 999/A 999M and Terminology A 941 are applicable
to this
specification.
A999
和
A999M
规范中的定义可以应用于此规范。
4. Ordering Information
订货信息
4.1
Orders
for
material
under
this
specification
should
include
the
following,
as
required,
to
describe the desired material
adequately:
在此规范下订购材料应按要求包含
如下信息以充分描述所需材料。
4.1.1
Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
数量（英尺，米，或者长度的数量）
注释
7 Available
from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400
Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA
15096.
巴拿马州，沃伦达市
，共富大道
400
号，邮编
15096
，汽车工程师协会有售
原件第二页结束
4.1.2 Name of material
(electric-fusion-welded
pipe),
原材料名（电熔焊钢管）
4.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
级别（表格
1
）
4.1.4 Class (see 1.3),
级别（见
1.3
）
4.1.5 Size (outside diameter and
nominal wall
thickness),
（尺寸，外直径和名义壁厚）
4.1.6 Length (specific or
random),
长度
（指定或随机）
4.1.7 End
finish (Section on Ends of Specification A 999/
A 999M),
管端的样式（
A999/A999M
规范中管端的切面）
4.1.8 Authorization for repair of plate
defects by welding and subsequent heat
treatment
without
prior approval if such is intended (see
9.3),
焊接缺陷修补的授权和在没有被许可的情况下相
应的热处理（见
9.3
部分）
4.1.9 Specification designation,
规范名称
4.1.10 Special requirements,
特殊要求
4.1.11 Statement invoking requirements
of 16.4 if such is intended.
16.4
部分需要陈述的要求。
4.1.12 Circumferential weld
permissibility (see Section 16),
圆周焊接的接受度（见
16
部分）
。
4.1.13
Supplementary Requirements (S1 through S6),
补充要求（
S1
—
S6
）
4.1.14 Applicable ASME Code if known,
可应用的已知的
ASME
标准
4.1.15
For ASME Code Section III applications, the
service classification intended, and
<
/p>
对于
ASME
标准第三部分的应用，服务
分类，
4.1.16 Certification
requirements (see Section on Certification of
Specification A 999/A 999M).
认证要求（见
A999
和
A999
M
规范中关于认证的部分）
5.
General Requirements
一般要求
5.1
Material
furnished
to
this
specification
shall
conform
to
the
applicable
requirements
of
the
current
edition of Specification A 999/A 999M unless
otherwise provided herein.
在此规范下供应的的材料应与当前版本的
A999
和
A999M
规范适用的要求一致，除非在此
另外提
供要求。
6. Materials and
Manufacture
材料和生产
6.1
Materials:
材料
6.1.1
The
steel
plate
material
shall
conform
to
the
requirements
of
one
of
the
grades
of
Specification A 240/A 240M, listed in
Table 1, except as provided in 6.3.2.3.
钢板材料应与表格
1
中所列的
A240/A240M
规范中的某一级别的要
求一致，
6.3.2.3
所述状
况除外
。
6.2 Welding:
焊接
6.2.1
The
joints
shall
be
full
penetration
double-welded
or
single-welded
butt
joints
employing
fusion welding
processes as defined under ―Definitions,‖ ASME
Boiler and Pressure
Vessel
Code, Section IX. This specification makes no
provision for any difference in weld quality
requirements
regardless of the weld joint type employed (single
or double) in making the
weld. Where backing rings or strips are
employed, the ring or strip material shall be of
the same
P-Number (Table QW-422 of
Section IX) as the plate being joined. Backing
rings or strips
shall
be
completely
removed
after
welding,
prior
to
any
required
radiography,
and
the
exposed
weld
surface shall be examined visually for conformance
to the requirements of 6.2.3. Welds made
by procedures employing backing strips
or rings which remain in place are prohibited.
Welding
procedures,
and
welding
operators
shall
be
qualified
in
accordance
with
ASME
Boiler
and
Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.
如
ASME
锅炉和压力容器准则的定义中所述，焊缝为采用氧炔焊工艺焊透的双面焊或者单
面对接焊
。
此规范并未就提出焊接质量方面的差异，
无论在焊接中采用哪
种焊缝类型
（单面
或者双面）
。焊接时
，当使用条型衬垫后者环形衬垫时，所用材料应与产品号（
P
number
）
（第
9
章表格
QW-422
）一致。在作任何射线检测之前，
应在焊接完成后完全去除环形衬垫
或条型衬垫，并应用肉眼检测裸露的焊接表面是否与<
/p>
6.2.3
中要求一致。禁止采用条形衬垫
或环形衬垫并保留在原位置。焊接程序和焊工都应具有符合第九章
ASME
锅炉和压力容器
准则的资质。
6.2.2 Except as provided in
6.2.2.1 and 6.2.2.2, welds shall be made in their
entirety by processes
involving the
deposition of filler metal.
除了
6.2.2.1
和
6.2.2.
2
的情形，在保证填充金属沉淀过程的整体性。
6.2.2.1 For Class 4 pipe employing
multiple passes, the root-pass may be without the
addition of
filler metal.
<
/p>
对于
4
类管采用多道焊道，根部焊道可以
不必添加金属。
6.2.2.2 For Class 4
pipe, the weld surface exposed inside the pipe may
result from a single pass
made from the
inside of the pipe without the addition of filler
metal.
对于
4
类管，裸露在内的焊接表面可能由管道内部一个焊道引起，并未增加填充材料。
6.2.2.3 All single-welded pipe shall
be completely radiographed.
所有的单面焊管应进行完整的射线检测。
6.2.3 The weld surface on either side
of the weld may be flush with the base plate or
may have a
reasonably uniform crown,
not to exceed 1.8 in. [3 mm]. Any weld
reinforcement may be removed
at
the
manufacturer’s
option
or
by
agreement
between
the
manufacturer
and
purchaser.
The
contour
of
the
reinforcement
should
be
reasonably
smooth
and
free
from
irregularities.
The
deposited
metal
shall
be
fused
uniformly
into
the
plate
surface.
No
concavity
of
contour
is
permitted
unless
the
resulting
thickness
of
weld
metal
is
equal
to
or
greater
than
the
minimum
thickness of the adjacent base metal.
焊接的任意一面的表面可能会与底盘一起变红或者产生合理的
变形，不超过
1/8
英寸
（
3mm
）
。任何焊接补强都应按生产商的选择去除
或者生产商和采购商达成一致。补强的外
廓应平整，
规则。堆积
的金属应一致的熔入钢板表面。不允许轮廓有凹陷，
除非导致的厚度
等于或大于附近的底层金属的最小厚度。
6.2.4
Weld defects shall be repaired by removal to sound
metal and rewelding. Subsequent heat
treatment and examination (that is,
visual, radiographic, and dye penetrant) shall be
as required on
the original welds.
6.2.4
焊接缺陷应通过去除缺
陷部分直至漏出金属并重新焊接的方法修补。应以原焊接同样
的要求进行随后的检测（即
目测，射线检测和着色渗透检测）
。
6.3 Heat Treatment:
热处理
6.3.1 Unless otherwise stated in the
order, heat-treatment shall consist of heating the
material to a
minimum
temperature
of
1900°
F
[1040°
C]
except
for
S31266,
S31254,
S32654,
S32050,
and
S30815
which
shall
be
heated
to
a
minimum
temperature
of
2100°
F
[1150°
C],
and
1920°
F
[1050°
C]
respectively,
S24565
which
shall
be
heated
to
a
minimum
temperature
of
2050°
F
[1120°
C],
N08367
which
shall
be
heated
to
a
minimum
temperature
of
2025°
F
[1107°
C],
and
N08926 which shall be heat treated to a
minimum temperature of 2010°
F
[1100°
C], all treatments
being followed by quenching in water or
rapidly cooling by other means. N08904 shall be
heat
treated to a minimum temperature
of 2000°
F [1095°
C] and
cooled rapidly. UNS N08810 shall be
heated to a minimum temperature of
2050°
F [1120°
C] and cooled
rapidly. UNS N08020 shall be
heated in
the range from 1800 to 1850°
F [982 to
1010°
C] and cooled rapidly.
除非订单中另有陈述，否则热处理应包括把材料加热到至少
1900
华氏度（
1040
摄氏度）
，
S31266
，
S31254,
S32654,
S32050,
和
S30815
除外，应分别加热到至少
2100
华氏度（
1150
摄氏度）
和
1920
华氏度
（
1050
摄氏度）
，
S24565
应加热到
至少
2050
华氏度
（
1120
摄氏度）
，
N083
67
应加热到至少
2025
华氏度
（
1107
摄氏度）
，
N08926
应加热到至少
201
0
华氏度
（
1100
< br>摄氏度）
。所有热处理后应淬火或采取其他方式急冷。
N
08904
应加热到至少
2000
华氏
度
（
1095
摄氏度）并急冷。ＵＮＳ
Ｎ０８８１０应加热到至少２０５０华氏度（１１２０
摄氏度）
并急冷。
ＵＮＳ
Ｎ０８０２０应加热到１８００－１８５０华氏度
（８９
２－１
０１０摄氏度）并急冷。
6.3.2 The purchase order shall specify
one of the following conditions if the heat-
treated condition
specified in 6.3.1 is
not desired by the purchaser:
< br>如果采购商并不需要６．３．１规定的热处理条件，采购订单应规定如下条件之一。
6.3.2.1 A final heat-treatment
temperature under 1900°
F
[1040°
C]
—
Each
pipe supplied under this
requirement
shall be Stenciled
with the
final heat-treatment temperature in degrees
Fahrenheit or
degrees Celsius after the
suffix ―HT‖.
Controlled structural or
special service characteristics may
be
specified as a guide for the most suitable heat
treatment.
在１９００华氏度
< br>（１０４０摄氏度）
以下最终热处理，
在此要求下供应的
每一根管应用字
母ＨＴ后加最终热处理温度，
采用华氏度或摄氏
度，
标记在管体。
可以指定受控的结构性的
或特别的服务特性作为最适合的热处理温度指南。
6.3.2.2 No
final
heat
treatment
of
pipe
fabricated
of
plate
that
has
been
solution
heat
treated
at
temperatures required by this
specification
—
Each pipe
supplied under this requirement shall be
stenciled with the suffix ―HT–O‖.
无最终热处理的钢管，
这种钢管的钢
板材料经过本规范所要求的温度的溶液热处理，
在此条
件下供应
的每一根管应在管体上标注字母
HT-O
。
6.3.2.3
No
final
heat
treatment
of
pipe
fabricated
of
plate
that
has
not
been
solution
heat
treated
—
Each pipe
supplied under this requirement shall be stenciled
with the suffix
“
HT-
< br>SO‖.
无最终热处理的钢
管，这种钢管的钢板材料没有经过溶解热处理，在此条件下生产的每一
根管应在管体上标
注字母
HT-SO
6.4
A
solution
annealing
temperature
above
1950°
F
[1065°
C]
may
impair
the
resistance
to
intergranular
corrosion
after
subsequent
exposure
to
sensitizing
conditions
in
Grades
321,
347,
and 348. When specified
by the purchaser, a lower temperature
stabilization or re-solution anneal
shall
be
used
subsequent
to
the
initial
high
temperature
solution
anneal
(see
Supplementary
Requirement
S5).
321,347
和
348
级的溶液退火温度在
1950
华氏度（
1065
摄氏度）可能在随后暴露于敏
感条