倒装句详解

全倒装。如：

Here he comes.

Away they went.

2

、

此类倒 装句中不用进行时态

,

如不说

:Her e is coming your uncle.

3) there be

句型及其变化形式。如：

There li e/s

tand/appear/seem/remain/exist…)

There is a man at the door who wants to see you .

There once lived a king .

4)

“

I’m quite satisfied with your answer,” said the teacher.

“I wouldn’t leave her out in the cold”, he sai

d .

5)

表语或状语语短语位于句首表示强调意义时，全部倒装。

In the distance was a small boat .

Such were his last words .

Such was Albert Einstein , a simple man of great achievements.

They arrived at a farm house ,in front of which sat a small boy .

Nearby were two canoes(

独木舟

) in which they had come to the island .

Among them was a soldier who was wounded in the stomach .

6) There be

句型及其变化中，

如：

T

here lie/stand /live/appear/seem/remain/exist…

完全倒

Long, long ago there lived a king.

There once lived an old man in the house .

There is a man at the door who wants to see you .

'.

.

There seems to be some misunderstanding about the matter .

There stands a tall tree near the river .

二、部分倒装

部分倒 装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有

助动词或情 态动词，则需添加助动词

do, does

或

< br>did

，并将其置于主语之前。

1)

句首为否定或半否定的词语，如

no, not, never, seldom, few, little, hardly, rarely, at no

time,

in

no

way,

not

until

…

by

no

means,

in

no

time,

in

no

case

,

on

no

account

,

under

no

circumstance

等。

Never have I seen such a performance.

Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.

Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

By no means shall we save him .

当

Not until

引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。

注意：

如否定词不在句首不倒装。

I have never seen such a performance.

The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

典型例题

1)

Why can't I smoke here?

At no time___ in the meeting-room

A. is smoking permitted

B.

smoking is permitted

C. smoking is it permitted

D.

does smoking permit

答案

A.

这是一个倒装问题。当否定 词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装

结构。

这些否定词包括

no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until

等。

本题的正常语

序是

Smoking is permitted in the meeting- room at no time.

2

）

Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.

A. man did know

B. man know

C. didn't man know

D. did man know

答案

D.

看到

Not until

…的句型，我 们知道为一倒装句，答案在

C

，

D

中选一个。

改写为正常语序为，

Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th.

现在将

not

提前，后面就不能再用否定了

,

否则意思就变了。

三、以否定意义的连词置于句首，作部分倒装

，如：

not only…but also, neither…nor…,no

sooner ..than …,scarcely…when …,hardly…when…

等

Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.

Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.

No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.

典型例题

No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.

A. the game began

B.

has the game begun

C. did the game begin

D.

had the game begun

答案

D.

以具有否定意 义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句

(

谓语前置

)

。这类表示否定

意义的词有

never,

seldom,

scarcely,

little,

few,

not,

hardly,

以及

not

only

…

but

(also),

no

sooner

…

than, hardly

…

when scarcely

…

when

等等。

'.

.

注意：只有当

Not only

…

but also

连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置

于句首的

Not only

…

but also

仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。

Not only you but also I am fond of music.

四、

so, neither, nor

作部分倒装

表示

也

、

也不

的句子要部分倒装。表示后面所说的情况与前面 的情况相同。

Tom can speak French. So can Jack.

If you won't go, neither will I.

典型例题

---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?

---I don't know, _____.

A. nor don't I care

B. nor do I care

C. I don't care neither

D. I don't care also

答案：

B. nor

为增补意思

也不关心

，

因此句子应倒装。

A

错在用

don't

再次否定，

C neither

用法不对且缺乏连词。

D

缺乏连词。

注意：

当

so

引出的句子用以对上文内容加以 证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为

的确如此

。

Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.

---It's raining hard.

---So it is.

五、

only+

状语，在句首要倒装的情况

Only in this way, can you learn English well.

Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.

Only when you have finished your homework can you watch TV at night .

Only then did I realize that I was wrong .

如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装

Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.

六、

as, though

引导的倒装句

as / though

引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前

（形容词

,

副词

,

分词

,

实义动词提

< br>前）

。

Rich as he is , he never spends a cent on learning .

Heavily as it rained , the football game has been decided not to be put off.

Try as he does , he never seems able to do the work beautifully.

注意：

1)

句首名词不能带任何冠词。

Boy as he is, he is very clever.

Child as he is , he knows a lot .

2)

句首是实义动词

,

其他助动词放在主 语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语

,

随

实义动词一起放在主语之前。

Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

注意

:

让步状语从句中，有

though

，

although

< br>时，后面的主句不能有

but

，但是

though

和

yet

可连用。

七、

其他部分倒装

'.

.

1)

so/such

…

that

句型中的

so/such

位于句首时，需倒装。

So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.

So excited was he that he couldn’t say a word .

Such was his strength that he carried all the big boxes onto the third floor.

2)

在某些表示祝愿的句型中：

May you all be happy.

Long live the

People’s Republic of China !

3)

在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有

were, had, should

等词，可将

if

省略，把

were,

had, should

移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。

Were I you, I would try it again.

典型例题：

1

）

Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is

A. man did know

B. man knew

C. didn't man know

D. did man know

答案为

D.

否定词

Not

在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。