-
最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配
yesterday(afternoon), last week, an
hour ago, the other day
, in 1982,
just now, today
, this week
etc.
频度
adv
.every
…,on/at/over weekends, once a week
next year, tomorrow, in the
future,before long etc.
now,right now,
at present,at this moment, these days
一般过去时
一般现在时
一般将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
this
morning,
the
whole
morning,
all day
, this time
yesterday
,
from
9 to 10 last evening… when, while, then
etc.
现在完成时
过去完成时
for,
since,
so
far,
ever,
never,
just,
yet,
till/until,
up
to
now,
in
the
past years, always, recently, before
etc.
by the time, until, when, after,
since, (long) before etc.
all
this
time,
this
week(month..),
all
night(the
morning),
recently,
现
在
完
成
进
行
及
since
和
for
引导的状语
时
过去将来时
多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动作
一、一般现在时
1.
表示经常习惯的动作
(
频率词
)
It often snows here. He gets up at 6
every day
.
2.
表示主语现在的特征或状态
He loves sports. We are in
the same class.
3.
表示永恒不变的真理和
事实或格言警句
Knowledge is power. The sun rises in
the east.
特殊用法：
1.
按计划
(
时间表
/
时刻表
/
日程表
)
将要发生，
句中有时有将
来的时间状语，
但不用
将来时
,
要用一般现在时
at the
timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _A_ off at 8:20.
(06
四川
)
A. takes
B. took
C. will be taken
D. has taken
train _leaves_ at three this
afternoon.
2.
状语从句“主将从现”
…
时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中用现在时表示将
来
“
主将从现
”
if/when/until/as soon as/though...
一般现在时
:
表示将要发生的动作
现在完成时
:
表示将来已经完成的动作
their marketing plans succeed, they _A_ their
sales by 20 percent.
(2008
全国
2)
A. will
increase
B. have been increasing
C.
have increased D. would be increasing
2.I _C_ leave at the end of this month.
Really? I don
’
t
think you should leave until you __ another job.
A.
am going to, find
B.
will, will found
C. am going to, have found
D.
will, had found
二、一般过去时
1.
表在过去发生的和现在没有联系的动作或状态
明示
:
yesterday
, ago, last …, just now, in
1990
暗示
:when I
was a little girl,
when he
put on his coat
2.
描述过去的情况
言外之意
:
只有过去如此
现在并非如此
Edward,
you play so well. But I __ you played
the piano.
(2009
全国
I)
A. didn't know
B. hadn't known
（
A
）
C.
don't know
D. haven't
known
三、一般将来时
1.
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态
I’ll return you the book next week.
She’ll be twenty years old
next year.
2.
表示一种倾向或习惯动作
We’ll die without air or water.
Whenever I’m in trouble,
he’ll come to help me.
表示将来时的六种形式
①
will /shall +
动词原
形（单纯的将来
/
说话时的临时决定）
②
be going to
do(
客观计划
)
③
be
about to do(
即将
/
马上
要做某事
)
④
be to do(
表示职责命令
,
相当于
sh
ould/must;
或表示
“
注定
”)(
可用于条件句中）
⑤
be
doing(
瞬间动词用表将来
)
⑥一般现在时
(
强调动作
“
列入日程
”
)
1)
be
going
to
表示即将发生的或
最近打算进行的事情，而
will
表示谈话时临时
决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性。
—
Kate is in hospital.
（
A
）
—
Oh, really? I _______.
________ visit her.
A. didn’t know; I’ll go and
B. don’t know;
I’ll go and
C. don’t know;
I’m going to
D. didn’t know; I’m going
to
---
Alice, why
didn’t you come yesterday?
（
C
）
---I _____, but I had an
unexpected visitor.
A. had
B. would
C. was going to
D.
did
2) be going to
可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。而
will
不能表示
Look at the
clouds! It
’
s going to rain.
3)
be about to
do =be on the point of doing
表示说话时就要发生的动
作，不与表
示将来的时间状语连用。
常构成句型：
…be about
to do …when….
when
并列连词
就在这时
I was about to leave when
it rained.
4). be to do
表示约定
,
计划≈
b
e going to;
职责、义务
;
命令、要求
;
可以；想要；不
可避免<
/p>
,
注定要发生的事等
(
< br>过去式
was/were to do)
be to do
可用于条件从句中
The Queen is to visit Japan
in a week’s time.(
计划
)
Y
ou are to
report to the police.(
要求
)
Y
ou are not to
make noises in the
classroom.(
命令
)
Such people are to be found everywhere.
(
可以
)
If we are to be there before ten, we’ll
have to go now.(
想要
)
This discovery
was to
have a
major effect on the
treatment of
heart
disease.(
注定要
发生
)
Y
ou are to
answer for what you have done.
.(
注定要发生
)
Even if the sun were to rise in the
west, I would never do such a thing.
(
虚拟条件句
)
5)
某些瞬间动词
“
go,
come,
arrive
,leave
,start,
begin,
fly,
take
”
等用现在进行时表
示将要发生的动作
。
I’ve won a holiday for two to Floria. I
______my mum.
（
A
）
A. am taking
B. have taken
C. take
D. will have
been
6)
一般现在时表示将来
，特别用于车、船、飞机等时刻表中安排好的。
The
plane leaves
tomorrow.(
尽管有
tomorrow,
但没有
will ,be going to )
四、现在进行时
1.
此刻正在进行的动作
(look,
listen, now)
We are having
an English lesson now.
2.
短期内
持续的动作
(
当时不一定在进行
)
I’m preparing for the test
these months.
3.
与
always,
usually, all
the time,
forever, continually, constantly
连用，表示某种情
绪
,
Y
ou are always forgetting
the important things.
My teacher is forever criticizing us.
My
wife is asking me for money all the time.
特殊用法：
1.
现在进行时可以表示一般将来时，常用于下列动词：
go
,come,
leave,
begin,
arrive ,return,
fly
, drive
，
take
等。
We’re moving to
the new building next week
.
2.
表示
“
存在
,
所有
,
知觉
,
认识
,
感情
”
等状态的词一般不用于进行时态
存在：
keep ,stay ,
remain , be, consist of , contain
所有：
have ,belong
to , possess, own , hold
知觉：
sound(
听起来
), look
/seem /appear (
看起来
),
smell(
闻起来
),
taste(
尝起来
),feel
(
摸起来
), see ,hear
认识：
understand,
know, suppose, remember, admit, forget, believe,
think
情感：
like,
love, hate , prefer,
3.
表示委婉意义
某些动词，如
hope
，
want
，
wonder
等与进行时连用时，常探询式地表示一种
愿望或态度。此用法在语言上
显得含蓄、委婉，如
果改用现在时，则显得不那
么隐讳且稍欠礼貌。
I'm hoping
to borrow some
money
.
我希望借些钱。