2013年两会记者招待会李克强总理答记者问中英文本

还要坚

守网底不破，通过完善低保、大病救助等制度，兜住特困群体的基本生活 。

这些人如果陷入

生存的窘境，很容易冲击社会的道德和心理底 线，所以政府要尽力，并且调动社会的力量，

保障人们的基本生存权利和人格尊严。

Now

the

government

is

about

improving

people

?

s

lives,

we

need

to

provide

for

the

basic

necessities for our people, we need to create the social safety net that covers the entire population

3

and

protect

the

people

?

s

basic

needs,

that

would

involve

compulsory

education,medical

care,

old

age insurance, housing and so on. We need to work hard to gradually strengthen the weak links in

our

country

?

s

development.

Also

we

need

to

improve

the

subsistence

allowance

system

and

a

systems

for

patients

suffering

from

major

diseases,

so

that

the

really

poor

people

can

have

something to fall back on.

If these people experience even more difficulties in their life, that might

disrupt the moral and psychological baseline of our society. To do that, the government will make

its

utmost

efforts,

we

will

also

mobilize

the

sources

in

our

society

so

as

to

protect

the

people

?

s

subsistence rights and their dignity. < /p>

第三，是要促进社会公正

。公正是社会创造活力的源泉，也是提高 人民满意度的一杆秤，

政

府理应是社会公正的守护者。

Third, we will promote social fairness. Fairness is a source of societal creativity and

the yardstick

for

improving

the

people

’

s

satisfaction

with

the

work

of

the

government.

The

government

should be the guardian for social fairness.

我们要努力使人人享有平等的机会，

不论 是来自城市还是农村，

不论是来自怎样的家庭背景，

只要通过自 身的努力，就可以取得应有的回报。不论是怎样的财富创造者，是国企、民企还

是个体经 营者，只要靠诚信公平竞争，都可以获得应有的收获。

We need to work hard to create equal opportunities for everyone, for people from urban and rural

areas, and for all those people regardless of their family background, so that people

?

s hard work will

be duly rewarded. And whatever type of wealth creator you are, a state-owned enterprise, a private

enterprise or individually- run business, as long as you compete in a level playing field and conduct

your business in a clean and honest way, then you will be able to taste success.

解决这三个问题，也可以说是实现三项任务，还需要有三大保 障。一是建设创新政府，依靠

改革开放使经济社会充满活力；二是建设廉洁政府，增强政 府的公信力、执行力和效率；

三

是建设廉洁政府，这尤为根本， 要把法律放在神圣的位置，无论任何人、办任何事，都没有

超越法律的权限，我们要用法 治精神来建设现代经济、现代社会、现代政府。

（改）

To meet these 3 goals and to fulfill these three tasks, the following 3 things are essential. First, we

need

to

build

an

innovative

government

so

that

we

can

further

the

issue

of

vitality

of

economic

society through reform and opening-up. Second, we need to build a clean government and make our

government more credible, effective and efficient.

Third, we need to build a government under

the rule of law, laws should have a sacred place in our society. No matter who you are , no

matter

what

you

intend

to

do,

you

must

not

exceed

the

boundaries

of

the

law.

Under

the

guidance of the rule of law, intend to build a modern economy , a modern society and a modern

government.

推进这三项任务的实 现，应该说要付出艰辛的努力。好在我的前任温家宝总理和已经离任的

同事们打下了好的 基础，我们对他们表示深深的敬意。我们也坚信，在以习近平同志为总书

记的中共中央领 导下，

依靠

13

亿人的勤劳、

智慧，

我们会不断地走向成功，

去实现民族复兴 、

实现现代化。谢谢。

4

To

achieve

these

three

tasks,

we

would

have

to

make

arduous

efforts.

The

good

thing

is

my

predecessor Premier Wenjiabao and my colleagues who have retired have laid a good foundation for

our future work. We would like to convey our deepest respect for them. I am convinced that under

the leadership of CPC central committee with comrade Xijinping as the general secretary, and with

the hard effort and wisdom of 1.3 billion Chinese people, we will achieve success and achieve the

goals of national renewal and modernization. Thank you.

中央人民广播电台记者

:

总理，您好 。我们注意到最近一段时期，一些地方接连曝光腐败案

件，我们想问一下总理，新一届政 府将会采取哪些具体的措施，让人民对反腐败更有信心？

谢谢。

China

national

radio

and

its

website.

In

the

recent

period,

some

cases

of

corruption

have

been

exposed in different parts of the country. Mr premier, what specific measures will your government

adopt to increase the people

?

s confidence in anti-corruption efforts?

李克强

:

我要补充对刚才人民日报和 人民网提问的感谢，而且也认为你提的问题十分重要。

因为腐败和我们政府的性质可以说 水火不容

，

中国政府反对腐败的决心和意志是坚定不移的，

这里我也想表个态。

Let me add that I want to thank the people

?

s Daily and its website for raising the last question. And

you have raised an important question.

Corruption is at a complete various with the nature of

our government

, the Chinese government has the unshakeable resolve and determination to fight

corruption. And here,

let me make my position clear.

为

政清廉应该先从自己做起，己正，才能正人，这是古训，也是真理。自古有所谓“为官发

财，

应当两道”

。

既 然担任了公职，

为公众服务，

就要断掉发财的念想。

接受媒体的监督。

Clean government should start with oneself. Only one is upright him or herself can he or her ask

others

to

be

upright.

This

is

an

ancient

adage

but

also

a

truth.

Since

ancient

times,

holding

government

office

and

making

money

have

been

two

separate

lanes.

Since

we

have

chosen

public service, we should give up all thought of making money.

And we are readily accepted the

supervision of the whole society and the media.

我们还要建立和完善不能贪、不敢贪的反腐机制，让腐败行为、 腐败分子依法受到严惩，绝

不手软。更重要的是，要让权力在公开透明的环境中运行，使 人民能够更为充分和有效地进

行监督，这也是把权力涂上防腐剂，只能为公，不能私用。

We will also establish a sound mechanism so that officials are unable to

and dare not to practice

corruption, so that we can punish corrupt officials to the full extent of the law, even more important,

is to make sure that power will be exercised in an open and transparent fashion so that the people

can supervise government more fully and more effectively , so that we can insulate power against

possibilities of abuse.

我们还要用简朴的政府来取信于民，造福人民，

要让人民过上好日子，政府就要 过紧日子

。

前一段我收到财政报告，

1

—

2

月份，中央财政的收入增幅只有< /p>

1.6%

，可以推想，未来财政再

5

保持高速增长的收入态势不大可 能了，但是民生支出是刚性的，不能减，只能增，那就需要

削减政府的开支。

本届政府内，

一是政府性的 楼堂馆所一律不得新建；

二是财政供养的人员只减不增；三是公费接待、公费出国、公费 购车只减不增。这三条中央

政府要带头做起，一级做给一级看。谢谢。

< br>

And we need to win the trust of the people and bring benefits to them by practicing frugality in

government affairs.

If the people are to lead good lives then the government must be put on a

tight

budget.

Recently,

I

have

received

report

that

central

government

fiscal

revenues

only

increased by 1.6 percent in January and

February of this year.

In the future, you might not see

high speed growth of fiscal revenues in China. However, spending on items related to people

’

s

lives

is

a

must.

It

will

only

increase,

not

decrease.

That

means

we

would

cut

spending

on

government operations. Here, let me lay down three clear rules: Within the term of my government,

First, we will not use government coffers to construct any new offices, houses or guesthouses for

the government. Second, a number of people on the government payroll will decrease, not increase.

Third,

spending

on

official

hospitality,

overseas

trips

for

official

business

and

the

purchase

of

official vehicles will decrease, not

increase.

the

central

government

will

lead by example and all

levels of government must follow suit. Thank you.

美联社记者

:

李总理，中国提出与美国构建新型的大国关系，那么中方希望美国做些什么？

包括所谓 美国战略重心转向亚洲。另外中国是否会停止对美国的黑客攻击？因为这一问题现

已引起 对美国国家安全的关注。

Premier Li, China has called for building a new type of relationship with the US, what would the

Chinese side like the US to do including with the so-called China

?

s privilege to Asia, will China

stop

the

cyber

attacking

against

the

US

since

it

has

now

become

an

issue

of

American

national

security.

李克强

:

你自己给自己当翻译应该拿双份工资。

你提的问题使我想起前两天，我看美国媒体的报道，美方提出了这样一个观点，叫做

不 同大

国之间的冲突并不是必然定律

，我欣赏这个观点。

Your question reminds me of a us media report that i have read recently. The us side recently make

the point that

conflict between major countries is not the law of physis,

i subscribe to that view.

我也想起上世纪

80

年代 ，到美国去访问，正值美国大选，两党人士我都有接触，他们都跟我

说：你放心，无论谁 当选，对华合作和一个中国的政策立场不会改变。

Your question also reminds me of the latest visit to the US in 1980s, at that time, it was at the US

election season and met with people from both the name political parties. Both sides assured me

that

no

matter

who

might

come

into

power,

cooperation

with

China

and

the

commitment

to

the

“

One China

”

policy will not change.

虽然中美关系几十年来历经风风雨雨，但是一直向前走

，为什么？这说明中美关系符合两国

人民的根本利益，也符合世界和平发展的大 势。

Over the last decades, the China US relationship, despite some ups and downs, has generally

6

moved forward. Why?

Because the development of our relations meets the fundamental interests

of people in both countries and serves the global trend of peace and development.

新一届中国政府会和过去一样，高度重视中美关系，因为这是最大发展中国家和最大发达国

家之间的关系，我们愿与奥巴马政府共同去构建新型大国关系。

Like in the past, the new government in China will attach great importance to our relationship with

the

US

,

the

relationship

between

the

world

?

s

largest

developing

country

and

the

world

?

s

largest

developed country, our government will work with the Obama Administration to work together to

build a new type of major country relationship.

你问到怎么构建，这使我又想起在中央政府工作后，我经 常会见美国的政治家，他们和我谈

话，很坦率地说，

我们是为美 国利益而来，我跟他们说，我是为中国利益工作

。既然大家都

讲 利益，那好，利益就有共同点、汇合点。

Now you also asked about how can we build that new type of relationship between China and the

US. Since I began to work in the central government, I have often met with the US political leaders .

They have been very candid with me.

They said that they came to advance American interests.

And

I

said,

I

work

for

China

’

s

interests.

So

that

gives

us

something

in

common

and

our

interests have convergence.

可以回想一下，

30

多年前，中美的贸易额不过

10

亿美元，去年已经达到近

5000

亿美元。我

们会继续推进互利共赢合作。

我想未来中美 在贸易、

投资方面的机会、

空间比过去

30

年会更

大，会给两国人民带来实实在在的利益。

Over thirty years ago, trade between China and the US only stood at I billion US dollars. Last year,

our two- way trade approached 500 billion US dollars.

Going forward, we will continue to pursue

mutual

benefit

and

the

trade

and

investment

opportunities,

and

space

for

pursuing

such

cooperation will only be bigger than the last thirty-plus years, and this would deliver tangible

benefits to people in both countries.

当然，

我不否认中美之间有分歧，但只 要我们相互尊重对方的重大关切，管控好分歧，就可

以使共同利益超越分歧。

之间的友 谊，夯实中美关系的社会基础。

Admittedly, there are some differences between China and the US, but as long as we respect

each other

’

s major concerns and manage our differences, then our common interests will be

far

out way

than

the

differences

that

we

might

have

.

China and the

US

have their distinctive

civilizations

and

cultures.

We

can

learn

from

each

other.

And

we

should

deepen

our

friendship

between the people of our two countries so as to build stronger social foundation for good bilateral

relations.

至于说到亚太地 区，这可以说是中美利益交汇、集结最密切的地区，中美都表示要维护地区

的稳定、促进 繁荣，我希望言行一致，从亚太地区做起、做好，来构建新型大国关系，这也

有利于亚太 和世界的和平与发展。

The Asia Pacific region

is the one in which the interests of China and the US intersect the most.

7

Both countries have stated that want to uphold regional stability and promote regional prosperity.

We

hope

that

this

commitments

will

be

reflected

in

action.

China

and

the

US

should

have

some

interactions in

the Asia

Pacific region.

And starting from

this, we

can

move to

build a new type

relationship

between

major

countries.

That

also

be

good

for

peace

and

development

in

the

Asia

pacific region and the world at large.

你说到的黑客攻击问题，这可以说是一个世界性的问题，中国本身就是主要的被黑客攻击 的

受害者，

中方不仅不支持，

而且

反对黑客攻击行为

。

刚才你说的话我怎么有 有罪推定的

感觉啊？

我想我们还是少一些没有根据的相互指责， 多做一些维护网络安全的实事。

You also

asked about

hacker attacks.

This

is

a worldwide problem. And in

fact,

China itself is

a

main target of such attacks.

China does not support,

indeed

, we opposed to such activities.

In

your

question

,

I

sensed

the

presumption

of

guilt,

I

think

we

should

not

make

groundless

accusations against each other and spend more time doing practical things that would contribute to

cyber security. THANK YOU.

中央电视台记者

:China central Television and CNTV

总理，您好。您多次提到说改革是中国最大 的红利，我最近也注意到在一些主要的网站上，

包括中央电视台联合多家网站推出的我有 问题问总理的网页上，好多网友都在讨论这句话，

也有诸多的期待。但是我们知道，

现在中国改革已经进入了深水区，

社会普遍上说深水区的

在这种情况下怎么通过改革来释放红利？对下一步推进改革您有什么样的考虑？或者着力点

主要在哪些方面？谢谢。

Mr

premier,

you

have

often

talked

about

the

fact

that

the

reform

will

pay

the

biggest

dividend.

Recently, there has been many discussions on the website hosted by CCTV and some other media

organizations

about

people

?

s

questions

for

the

premier.

There

is

a

view

in

our

society

that

reforming

China

has

to

navigate

uncharted

waters

and

advancing

reform

will

be

difficult

because we would have to encounter vested interests , and these interests might stand in the way of

further

reform.

Mr

premier,

how

do

you

intend

to

unleash

the

dividend

reform

and

how

do

you

intend to push forward your reform agenda?

李克强：我之所以说改革是最大的红利，是 因为我国社会主义市场经济还在完善过程中，靠

改革进一步解放生产力还有巨大的潜力， 让改革的红利惠及全体人民还有巨大的空间。

改革

贵在行动，喊 破嗓子不如甩开膀子。

我们要坚持市场化的改革方向，如果说到重点的话，那

I

often

said

that

reform

pays

the

biggest

dividend

for

China,

it

is

because

there

is

still

room

for

improvement

in

our

socialist

market

economy

,

there

is

great

space

for

further

unleashing

productivity through reform, and with great potential for making sure that the benefit of reform will

reach the entire population. In advancing reform, the important thing is to take action.

Talking the

talk is not as good as working the work.

We need to pursue market oriented reform, you asked

what are the key reforms in our drive, I have outlined three priorities of my government, in light of

8

this, we will choose areas full reform that will make an immediate and sustainable impact.

推动经济转型要注意发挥财政、金融、价格改革的杠杆性作用，推动公 开、透明、规范、完

整的财政预算制度改革，这可以使人民更有效地监督财政收支、优化 支出状况，也可以更多

地倾向民生。在金融领域要推进利率、汇率市场化改革，发展多层 次资本市场，提高直接融

资的比重，而且要保护投资者，尤其是中小投资者的合法权益。 我们还可以用开放来带动转

型，重点是进一步开放服务业。当然，中国的贸易，还包括商 品的贸易，未来几年都会继续

增长，这对世界是一个巨大的机会，对于中国企业也是在公 平竞争当中提升企业层级的好机

会。

We will pursue economic transformation .we will make full use of physical, financing pricing and

another policy instruments, and we will pursue the reform of budget system , to make it more open,

transparent, standardized and inclusive. We will improve the people

?

s effectiveness in supervising

government

expenditure

and

revenues

,

improve

the

structure

of

government

expenditure

and

revenue,

and

tilled

the

government

?

s

spending

in

favor

of

areas

that

would

direct

benefit

for

the

people

?

s lives. In the financial sector, we will pursue market oriented reform of the interests rate and

exchange rate , we will develop a multi-tier capital market and raise the share of direct financing.

We will also protect the law for right interests of investors, especially small and medium investors.

We will also drive economic transformation through opening-up. The important thing is to further

opening up the services sector, of course, looking ahead, our trade, especially trading goods, will

continue

to

grow

and

even

at

a

high

speed

in

the

years

ahead.

That

will

create

an

enormous

opportunities for the world, and help Chinese enterprises upgrade themselves in the course of fair

competition.

改善民生离不开收入分配制度的改 革。我们应当敢于直面城乡、区域两个最大的差距。特别

是直面有八亿多农民和五亿多市 民之间的涉及人口最多的城乡差距，采取措施，逐步使其缩

小。还要推动社会保障制度的 改革，逐步提高统筹的层次，使医疗、养老保险的报销、接续

能够逐渐实现异地进行，这 也有利于劳动力的流动。

We

will

improve

people

?

s

well-being,

and

to

do

that,

we

need

to

reform

the

income

distribution

system. We need to confront the two biggest gaps in chinese society , the gap between urban and

rural areas , and the gap between different regions. In particular, we need to confront the formal gap

as

it

involves

over

eight

hundred

million

rural

residents

and

over

five

hundred

million

urban

residents. We need to take action to gradually narrow this gap. We also need to enhance reform of

the

social

security

system.

we

need

to

raise

the

level

at

which

the

social

security

funds

are

managed , and in the area of medical and old age insurance, we should also gradually make sure

that

people

can

reinforce

their

expenses

,

transfer

their

accounts

to

the

places

that

they

can

?

t

currently reside , this will also contribute to labor mobility in China.

要推动促进社会公正的改革，

不断地清理有碍社会公正的规则，

而且要使明规则战胜潜规则。

同时，推动民营资本顺利有效地进 入金融、能源、铁路等领域，还要对社会领域的相关改革

进行推进，促进社会的纵向流动 。比如说

现在高等学校里农村的学生比例偏少，我们要逐步

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提高比例，让更多勤奋好学的农村孩子感受到希望。

We

also

need

to

pursue

reform

to

promote

social

fairness.

We

will

review

and

eliminate

those

regulations

that

impede

social

fairness,

so

that

transparent

rules

will

trump

hidden

rules.

AT

the

same time, we will allow private capital to move smoothly and effectively , enter financing energy

another sectors. We will pursue the reform in the social sector so as to upward social mobility.

In

some universities in China, the share of rural students is quite low, we need to gradually raise

that , so as to give those rural students hope.

当然，改革既要突出重点， 也要统筹协调。我们要推进各个领域的全面改革，要推动中国特

色社会主义事业不断前进 。

In pursuing reform, we need to focus on the key areas and ensure overall coordination. We want to

pursue comprehensive

reform

covering all sectors, so as

to

make us clear to

the

goal

, socialism

with Chinese characteristics.

至于你刚才说到改革进入了深水区，也可以说是攻坚期，的确 是因为它要触动固有的利益格

局。现在触动利益往往比触及灵魂还难。但是，再深的水我 们也得趟，因为别无选择，它关

乎国家的命运、民族的前途。这需要勇气、智慧、韧性。

所幸的是，这些可以从我们的人民

当中去汲取，来使改革迈出坚 实的步伐。

You said that in pursuing reform , we now have to navigate uncharted waters, we may also

confront some protracted problem, it is because we

will have to shake off vested interests,

sometimes, steering vested interests may be more difficult than steering the soul. But, however

deep the water may be, we will wade into the water, this is because we have no alternative.

Reform concerning the destiny of our country and the future of our nation, in pursuing the

reform, we need to have the courage , wisdom and tenacity ,

but we can get this from the people

and make solid progress in reform.

台湾《联合报》记者

: Daily news of Taiwan.

谢谢主持人。李总理您好。近年来，两岸关系获得了很大的发展，请问 总理您对于未来进一

步推动两岸关系和平发展有什么样的规划和愿景？也就是说新形势下 两岸关系的机遇和挑战

在哪里？谢谢。

In

recent

years, there has been major strides in

cross straits relations. Mr premier, what

are

your

plans and vision for further promoting the peaceful development of cross straits relations in the time

ahead?

And

under

the

new

situation,

what

will

be

new

opportunities

and

new

challenges

confronting cross straits relations?

李克强：

两岸同属一个中国，居住在两岸的是骨肉同胞。

“同胞”这个词 、这个理念在中华文化当中是

根深蒂固的，我认为这也是中华民族五千年生生不息的根源 。

所谓打断骨头还连着筋，同胞

之间、手足之情，没有解不开的 结。

The two sides of Taiwan straits belong to the one and same China, the residents between the two

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