新时代交互英语读写译2-中国文化翻译(中英对照)

Unit 1 Book3

中国传统节日

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中国传统节日以中国的农历为依据。农历年的岁首称为春节，俗称

“

过年

”

，

有 祈年等多种习俗，是中国人民最隆重的传统节日，象征团结兴旺。其他主

要的节日有元宵 节、清明节、端午节、七夕节、中秋节、重阳节、冬至节、

腊八节等等。各个节日都有其 来源讲究和风俗习惯。农历节日与农历中的二

十四节气不同。农历节日是中华民族凝聚力 与生命力的体现。

Traditional Chinese Festivals

Traditional Chinese

festivals

are

usually fixed

according to the

lunar

calendar.

January

1

st

on

lunar

calendar

has

been

designated

as

the

Spring

Festival (generally referred to as

guonian

). There are several customs during

the

Spring

Festival,

such

as

praying

for

a

good

harvest,

etc.

The

Spring

Festival is the most ceremonious traditional festival in China and symbolizes

unity

and

prosperity.

Some

other

significant

Chinese

festivals

include

the

Lantern

Festival,

the

Pure

Bright

Festival,

the

Dragon

Boat

Festival,

the

Double-seventh Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Double-Ninth Festival,

the Winter Solstice, and the Eighth Day of the Twelfth Lunar Month, etc. Each

festival

has

its

own

unique

origin

and

custom.

These

Chinese

festivals

that

follow the lunar calendar are different from the 24 Solar Terms in the lunar

calendar. They embody China’s cohesion and vitality.

Unit 3 Book3

中国画

中国古代四大艺术

“

琴棋书画

”

的

“

画

”

特指国画。

其绘画形式是毛笔蘸水、

墨、

颜料作画于绢、帛、宣纸之上，古代称之为水墨丹青。为区别于西方的油 画

而称之为

“

中国画

< br>”

，简称

“

国画

”

。其题材有人物、山水、花鸟等。技法可分

为工笔和 写意。国画的艺术特质在于

“

笔墨

”< /p>

，强调以形写神，画尽意在。国

画在艺术创作上反映了中华民族的 审美意识和情趣。

Traditional Chinese Painting

The four art forms in ancient China are

guqin

, chess, penmanship, and

painting.

And

painting

particularly

refers

to

traditional

Chinese

painting.

Traditional

Chinese

painting

is

done

with

a

brush

dipped

into

black

or

colored

ink

and

is

painted

on

silk

or

xuan

paper.

In

ancient

China,

it

was

called

“ink

-

painting”.

In

order

to

distinguish

it

from

Western

oil

-paintings,

the

Chinese

people

term

their

wor

ks

“traditional

Chinese

painting”

(abbreviated to “Chinese painting”). The subject matters of Chinese paintings

are

typically

figures,

landscapes,

birds

and

flowers.

The

drawing

skills

and

techniques employed by the Chinese painters can be divided into two forms

：

fine

brushwork

and

free-hand

brushwork.

The

artistic

characteristics

lie

in

“the writing brush and ink”. Chinese painting emphasizes using the shape to

1

convey

the

feelings

of

the

painter.

Even

though

a

painting

is

a

finished

product,

it

endlessly

conveys

a

meaning.

In

terms

of

the

artistic

creation,

traditional Chinese painting is a reflection of the aesthetic consciousness and

artistic sentiment of the Chinese people.

Unit 5 Book3

中国石窟

中国石窟主要反映的是佛教 文化艺术。敦煌莫高窟、大同云冈石窟、洛阳龙

门石窟、

天水麦 积山石窟，

号称中国四大石窟艺术景观。

佛教石窟随山雕凿、< /p>

彩绘，形象生动自然，将崇高美与世俗情融为一体，把天然造化与人工创造

有机结合，是由建筑、绘画、雕塑等组成的博大精深、绚丽夺目的综合艺术

殿堂 。其艺术成就为世界所瞩目，已成为重要的世界文化遗产。

Chinese Grottoes

Chinese grottoes mainly reflect the art of Buddhist culture. In China,

there

are

four

major

art

landscapes

of

grottoes:

the

Mogao

Grottoes

at

Dunhuang,

the

Yungang

Grottoes

at

Datong,

the

Longmen

Grottoes

at

Luoyang,

and

the

Maijishan

Grottoes

at

Tianshui.

Carved

and

painted

on

mountains, the Buddhist grottoes mingle both sublimity and secular feelings

together,

presenting

us

a

vivid

and

natural

appearance.

They

embody

the

systematic combination of both the exceptional artistry of great nature and

the extremely fine craftsmanship of mankind. The Chinese Buddhist grottoes

are

regarded

as

a

profound

and

stunning

general

art

gallery,

which

are

composed of architecture, painting, sculptures, etc. The artistic achievements

of

Chinese

grottoes

have

attracted

the

attention

of

the

world,

and

have

become important international cultural heritage.

Unit 6 Book3

中国古典文学名著

中国古典文学包括 诗歌、散文、小说以及词、赋、曲等多种文体，艺术表现

手法丰富各异。而小说中的《三 国演义》

、

《水浒传》

、

《西游记》

、

《红楼梦》

则 被称为中国四大古典文学名著，至今在国内外都有着广泛而深远的影响。

研读四大名著能 够了解中国传统人文社会、民俗之心理，是汲取古代文明精

粹、处事为人策略与智慧的重 要途径。

Chinese Classical Literature

Chinese classical literature includes poetry, prose, fiction and ci(new

lyrics written to pre-existing tunes),

fu

(“descriptive poems” of prose poetry),

qu

(a

freer

form

based

on

the

new

popular

songs

and

dramatic

arias),

and

many

other

styles.

Its

artistic

expressions

are

various

in

technique.

Four

classics

of

Chinese

literature

are

Romance

of

the

Three

kingdoms

,

Water

Margin

,

Journey

to

the

West

,

and

Dream

of

the

Red

Mansions

,

which

have

2