-
英语完形填空上下文语境
能影响完形词语选择的不仅仅有整
篇文章的主旨和中心，还包括所缺词语上下
文的词语，即我们
所谓的上下文语境。他们之间形成相互提示或者互相反衬的作用。
I
．请填出下列段落所缺词语，词性在括号中已给出。
1
．
He
showed
no
_____________
(n.)
in
learning.
His
marks were
always
poor,
he
never
completed
a
reading
assignment
or
participated
in
class
discussions,
and
he
rarely
did
his
homework. At an early
age he was branded a
“
nonlea
rner.
”
解析：
题目中横线上应填出“
interest
”
，即兴趣。在原文中出现类似“
never
completed
or
part
icipated
”
，
“
rarely
did
”等字眼，说明文中的“
he
”问题不出现在能力
(ability
)
或者耐心
（
patience
）
上，
而是在于学习的兴趣。
如果缺乏的是能力，
那么上下文应该出现类似
“
difficult
，
hard
”等词语。
2.
When
they
saw
each
other for
the
first
time
in
the
dim candlelight
later
that
night,
they
stood _______ (adv.).
For words could not express how profoundly touched
each of them was by
the sacrifice made
by the other in the name of love.
解析：
横线应填充词语“
silently
”
，即“沉默相对”
。理由是后文中出现了“
words
could not express
?”
，说明语言表达不出彼此的感动，因此此处“
silently
”在语境中是
最合适的。
3. My dad also
understood the value of a good sense of humor.
“
Back in the old
days,
”
he
often told me,
“
we were so poor we had to
beg for _______ (n.).
”
So sometimes, when I was fast
asleep, dreaming of the home runs I
would hit, he would gently lean over my bed and
shout into
my ear,
“
Russian bombers! Russian
bombers! Run! Run!
”
And then he would laugh and laugh.
解析：
答案应是
jokes
。很多同学看到“
poor
”
，联想到过去生活的困苦，
很自然地会在横线中
填出“
money
”
，或“
food
”等词语，但其实原
文并非要表达此含义。在文段主题句中作者
提到“
a good
sense of humor.
”
，即父亲所拥有的是幽默感
。在下文出现了“
laugh and laugh
”
即上文发生的事应与其相关。综合上下文信息，
jokes
是横线所缺词语。
4. In her town there was a
special program that taught adults to read, but
Bertha Ingram was
quite nervous. Would
people laugh at her? Would they _______ to teach
her? It didn
’
t happen that
way. She had a teacher who worked very
hard with her. After the first day Ingram could
hardly
wait to get to the library.
A. like
B.
refuse
C. agree
D. stop
解析：
此处答案是
B
。很多同学会错选成
A
或者
C
。认为文
中人物在担心“他们会愿意或者
喜欢教她知识么
?
”
。此处我们又要借助于完形语境的帮助：文段中出现了类似
“
nervous
”
，
“
laugh
a
t
”的词语，都是表示否定含义的，也代表了人物的担忧和担心，因此横线上最佳
的选择也是表示否定意义的
“
refuse<
/p>
”
，
它能够表达出人物紧张的心情和她所
担心发生的情况。
5. While once I thought my
dad was just about the _____________ (adj.)man in
the whole
wide world, in fact he was
quite small, and thin, and his face was as cracked
and pockmarked as
the old leather seats
of his beloved
’
52 Pontiac.
解析：
本段横线中应填“
big
”
。与前四个文段不同，此时上下文语境的作用不是顺承与提示，
而是反衬。
词语“
while
”表示对比，与
in
fact
引出的
quite
small
相映衬，因此横线中缺少
的词语是<
/p>
small
的反义词，即
big
。
6.
My
grandfather
joined
the
army
to
fight
for
his
country when
German soldiers
took
his
hometown
of Tarnow in Poland.
“
Stand
straight, stand tall,
”
meant something else back then.
After the war, he left for America.
_______in a new country
, he was
frightened about his future.
Walking
into the crowded and noisy streets of
New Y
ork,
“
Stand
straight, and stand tall,
”
he
would tell himself.
A. Being
homesick
B. Without money
C.
Full of hopes
D. All alone
解析：
正确答案是
D
。此处的语境起到的也是反衬的作用。从可能性上考虑不管是
A
选项中的
Being
homesick
还是
B
选项中的
Without
money
都能够给人带来恐惧感，
因此这里我们不能靠主观臆断，
< br>而应该尊重原文。
看后文
“
Walking into the crowded
and noisy
streets of New
Y
ork
”
在父亲眼中，纽约市繁忙的，拥挤噪杂的，因此与自己的状态形成了
鲜明的对比。从这个
意义上，文中的语境与所选答案是一种反衬关系。
由上述几段文章可知，
完形填空的选
择与答案必须尊重原文与作者的原意
。选择具体
词语时不仅仅要
考虑文章整体的主旨，
中心，
作者的意图，
还要考虑其所在段落上下文的语
境。
语境会对选择形成一种
映衬或者对比的关系
，能够对我们有重要的提示作用。
II.
请完成下列题目，体会完形语境的作用。
（一）
I was living in New
Y
ork when my father called. He was
working in the city and suggested
we
meet for dinner. But more pleasing and surprising
to me was the way we had the dinner. For
this time he
didn
’
t spend the whole time
giving advice I didn
’
t
1
.
He talked with me.
I walked him to the bus station. While
we were waiting, he stood against the wall. My
father
had
2
been a strong
and heavy man. Now I saw how thin and weak he was.
He then told me
something
that
surprised
me.
He
said
he
still
3
,
inside
his
head,
like
a
young
man,
and
couldn
’
t believe
he
’
d passed sixty.
“
Y
ou
don
’
t know, at your age, how
fast time goes,
”
he said,
“
If I
never really talked with
you boys as
much as I
’
d have liked to,
it was because there was so little time and so
much I had to
teach you. I just
didn
’
t want you to make all
the mistakes I had made. I wanted to
4
you from
some of the troubles I
had.
”
I wanted to say,
“
Thank you, Dad, for telling
me that.
”
I knew
at last I was a
5
to my
father. We could talk with each other.
But I was too
6
by the evening to say how I was
feeling.
It was the last
7
we ever had.
I was in
Florida on a business trip when I
8
home. Dad had a
stroke (
中风
) last night,
after coming home from work.
He
’
d always said he wanted
to work till the day he died. He got
his wish. My wish, for another talk
with my father, would go unfulfilled
(
未完成的
).
I now know things I
didn
’
t know
9
my father was
alive. Time does go really fast. There
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇：新视野大学英语读写教程翻译与填空题目及答案
下一篇：船舶海上事故调查处理须知