-
2006
年南京师范大学英语语言学考研复试试题
一、单选题。
of the
following statements about language is NOT true?
A) Language is a system.
B) Language
is symbol
C) Animals also have
language.
D) Language is
arbitrary.
word “partner reduction” is
an example o
f _______ in word formation
or use.
A) acronym
B) blending
C)
euphemism
D) back formation
words contain a _______.
A)
root
B) bound morpheme
C) prefix
D) suffix
we say that we
can change the second word in the sentence “He is
waiting outside” with
another word or
phrase, we are talking about ________ inside the
sentence.
A) syntactic relations
B) paradigmatic relations
C) linear relations
D)
government
y holds that the major task
of linguists is to _______.
A) tell
people how to speak appropriately.
B) study real “ facts” in daily
settings.
C) look for “the
universal grammar”.
D) tell people what is
right in language use.
6._______ is a
phrase which can only be understood as a unit, not
as a summation of the meaning
of each
constituent word.
A) Collocation
B) Idiom
C) Semantic
component D) synonym
7.“We can do
things with words”
---- this is the main
idea of ______.
A) the Speech Act
Theory
B) the
Cooperative Principle
C) the Politeness
Principle
D) semantics
of the following words is a derivational one
________?
A) black board
B) teaches
C) consideration
D) books
function of the
sentence “A nice day, isn’t it?” is
_________.
A) informative
B) phatic
C) directive
D) performative
10.________ is not a suprasegmental
feature.
A) Aspiration
B) Intonation
C) Stress
D) Tone
二、定义
ity:
tives:
tionary act:
e:
ative
motivation:
ive strategies:
al Period
Hypothesis:
ve transfer:
hensible input:
g effect:
三、判断
fication of
grammar occurs, so does elaboration or
complication.
general types of speech
acts share the same illocutionary point, but
differ in strength.
rs
of
all
languages
are
capable
of
producing
and
comprehending
an
infinite
set
of
sentences.
ogy
is
concerned
with
the
abstract
set
if
sounds
in
a
language
which
allows
us
to
distinguish meaning in the actual
physical sounds we say and hear.
analyst collects samples of the language as it is
used, not according to some views of how it
should be used. This is called the
prescriptive approach.
term
“learning”, when used of language, refers to the
gradual development of ability in a
language
by
using
it
naturally
in
communicative
situation.
The
term
“acquisition”,
however,
applied
to
a
conscious
process
of
accumulating
knowledge
of
vocabulary
and
grammar
of
a
language.
transcription is
normally used by the phoneticians in their study
of speech sounds.
means what a
linguistic form refers to in the real physical
world.
notion of context is essential
to the semantic study of language.
ge
is both arbitrary and non-arbitrary.
四、问答
y the
cognitive factors in child language development.
the
tree
diagram
for
the
following
sentence
to
show
its
syntactic
structure.
The
boy
who was sleeping was dreaming.
y the five types of synonyms.
are the possible causes of language
change?
五、评论
Language
is
not
an
abstract
construction
of
the
learned,
pr
of
the
dictionary-makers,
but
is
something
arising
out
of
the
work,
needs,
ties,
joys,
affections,
tastes,
of
long
generations
of
humanity, and has its bases broad and
low, close to the ground.
Walt Whiteman
Do you share your opinions with Walt
Whiteman or not? What’s your understanding of
language?
南京师范大学
2
006
年英语语言学考研试题
一、单选题
1. Which of
the following does not belong to the branches of
phonetics?
A)
acoustic phonetics
B) auditory phonetics
C) articulatory
phonetics
D) learning phonetics
2. The
word “partner reduction” is an example of _______
in word formation or use?
A) acronym
B)
blending
C) euphemism
D) back formation
3. ______ is the study of how language
works in social interaction.
A) Sociolinguistics
B) Psycholinguistics
C)
Cognitive linguistics
D) Neurolinguistics
4. The relationship between “tulip/
flower” is
_______.
A) relational opposites
B)
complementary
C)
gradable opposites
D) hyponymy
5. ______ is the study of the
linguistic meaning of words and sentences.
A) Semantics
B)
Pragmatics
C)
Syntax
D) Morphology
6.
______ is one of the main features of
interlanguage.
A) Fossilization
B) Utilization
C) Assimilation
D) Deletion
7. Compared with
“nurture” position, “nature” position advocates
that human beings are innately
equipped
with _______ in the process of second language
acquisition.
A)
comprehensible input
B) language
acquisition device
C)
competence
D)
language transfer
8.
When
two
different
forms
are
identical
in
every
way
except
for
one
sound
segment
which
occurs in the same place in the
strings, the two sound combinations form ________.
A) minimal set
B) minimal pairs
C)
phonemic contrast
D) complementary distribution.
9. The relationship between a speech
sound and the meaning it represents is ________.
A) natural
B) arbitrary
C) familiar
D) non-arbitrary
10.
“Received Pronunciation” (RP) exemplifies
________.
A) sociolect
B)
regional dialect
C) ethnic
dialect
D)
idiolect
二、名词解释
onic study and diachronic study :
stic imperialism and cultural
imperialism :
mental motivation and
integrative motivation :
ics and
phonology :
stic determinism and
linguistic relativity:
三、判断
1).
Standard
dialect
is
a
particular
variety
of
a
language
which
any
member
of
a
speech
community can possibly use regardless
of his/ her social and geographical backgrounds,
his/ her
gender and age.
2).
Closed class words are the content words of a
language.
3).
Speakers
of
all
languages
are
capable
of
producing
and
comprehending
an
infinite
set
of
sentence.
4).
C
ontexturalism attempts to define the
meaning of a language form as the “situation in
which
the speaker utters it and the
response it calls forth in the
speaker”.
5). Odgen &
Rechard’s semantic triangle exemplified
contextualism.
6). Language
is culturally transmitted.
7).
Interlanguage is second language.
8). X
bar theory emphasizes the head-centered
characteristic of phrase structure rules.
9).
When
the
notion
of
texture
was
taken
into
consideration,
semantics
spilled
over
into
pragmatics.
10).
Prescriptiv
e grammar refers to
grammarian’s attempt to legislate what speakers’
grammatical
rules should be, rather
than what they are.
四、问答
a
tree
diagram
for
the
following
sentence
to
show
its
syntactic
structure.
He
believes that she loves that cat.
ize the individual differences in
second language acquisition.
Specify
the six sense relations between sentences.
南京师范大学
2005
年英语语言学考研复试试题
一、单选。
1.
All the
following languages belong to the Indo-European
family except ________.
A). English
B)
Chinese
C) German
D)
French
2. From linguistics is formal in
the sense that ________.
A) it studies
languages that existed a long time ago.
B) it studies social formalities in
language learning.
C) it is a branch of
science.
D) it studies language chiefly
by looking at its formal structure.
3.
The word “faction” is an example of ________ in
word formation.
A) acronym
B) blending
C) functional shift
D) back formation
4. The
sentence “Hopefully, it will not rain tomorrow.”
was criticized in _______.
A) formal
B) functional
C) descriptive
D) prescriptive
5. Greetings such as “How are you” and
“Good morning” are ________ i
n
function.
A) phatic
B) informative
C) expressive
D) vocative
6. _______ has become one of the main
features of the interlanguage.
A)
Fossilization
B) Utilization
C) Assimilation
D) Deletion
lly speaking,
_______ is not the theories concerning how
language is learned.
A) behaviorist
view of language acquisition
B) innatist
view of language acquisition
C)
interactionist view of language acquisition
D) psychological view of language
acquisition
8.
When
the
notion
of
______
was
taken
into
consideration,
semantics
spilled
over
into
pragmatics.
A) text
B)
context
C)
texture
D)
intertextuality
9. The term ________
refers to a sociolinguistic situation similar to
bilingualism.
A) diglossia
B) langue
C) parole
D) multiculturalism
10.“Received Pronunciation” (RP)
exemplifies _______.
A)
sociolect
B) regional
dialect
C) ethnic dialect
D) idiolect
二、定义
one:
my:
al diffusion:
community:
5. integrative
motivation:
act theory:
t:
e structure:
9.
presequence:
ese:
三、判断
ge itself is not sexist, just as it is
not obscene; but it can connote sexist attitudes.
could be a means to solve the conflict
between CP and PP.
principal features
of audiolinguilism are an emphasis on structures
in language which can
be learned as
regular patterns of verbal behavior and the belief
that the learning is a process of
habit
formation.
direct
method
proposes
that
the
teacher
should
be
silent
as
much
as
possible
and
should
encourage the
learners to produce as much as possible.
g shift refers to a semantic change in
which the meaning of a word changes in time.
most cases the illocutionary force of
“It’s noisy outside!” is a warning.
7. Performatives were the statements
that either state or describe, and were thus
verifiable.
function words of a
language are sometimes called open class words.
ive linguistics is a new branch of
linguistics within the framework of second
generation
cognitive science.
cement means that language can be used
to refer to contexts removed fro the immediate
situations of the speaker.
famous
type
of
question
“Have
you
stopped
beating
your
wife?”
is
disallowed
in
court,
because accepting the
validity of the question means accepting its
presupposition.
ct
is
a
personal
dialect
of
an
individual
speaker
that
combines
elements
regarding