英语中的外来语

‖

Hurricane

飓风：来源于西班牙语名词

huracá

n

Incommunicado

无法连接的

Junta

juntar

，意味一 起

Llama

秘鲁羊驼，草泥马： 是秘鲁土著

Quechua

词汇，英语中读作

< br>‖lama‖,

西班牙语读作

‖yama‖

Loco

疯狂

Macho

男子汉：西班牙语中为

―

雄性

―

的意思

Majordomo

管家

Matador

斗牛士：来源于西班牙语动词

matar

，意味

―

杀

‖

，

matador

为

―

杀手

‖

的 意思

Mesa

桌子

Mestizo

混血儿（尤指拉丁民族与印第安族的）：帅哥美女全在这里！！！

Mojito

莫吉托酒

Montana

山

Mulatto

混血儿（尤指白人和黑人的）

Mosquito

蚊子

Nacho

墨西哥烤干酪辣味玉米片

Nada

什么也没有

Negro

黑的：美语中有个单词是侮辱黑人的（慎用慎用！ ！）：

nigger

，就是从这来的

Pampa

大草原，阿根廷潘帕斯草原

Patio

院子

Philippines

菲律宾

Piragua

独木舟

Playa

海滩

Poncho

斗篷

Potato

土豆：这小小的南美农作物，养活了整个地球上的人！！

Puma

南美狮，

彪马

Quadroon

...

Reconquista

再次征服

Rumba

伦巴，伦巴舞

Salsa

沙拉酱：英语中更偏向于用

sauce

，其实就是从

salsa

的发音中翻译过来的

Sierra

山丘

Siesta

午睡：墨西哥人特别懒，喜欢睡午觉，他们不会用

‖take a nap‖

这个句子，就说

‖take a siesta‖

，于是有

了这个词儿。

Sombrero

墨西哥大沿帽

Taco

塔克（墨西哥食品）

Tango

探戈舞

Tequila

龙舌兰酒：我爱！

:P

Tobacco

烟草：也是南美的农作物，肺癌的罪魁祸首

Tomato

西红柿：南美农作物不解释

Tornado

旋风：来源于西班牙语词汇

< br>tornar

，意味

―

扭转

‖

Turista

旅游者

Vamos! (or vomoose)

我们走吧！，匆匆离去：很地道的俚语！

英语里的法语词汇

à

gogo

丰富地

in abundance. It pertains to the familiar language in French.

à

la [...]

以某种方式

,

举止

,

行为

……

in the manner of/in the style of [...]

à

la carte

点菜

literally: on the menu; according to the menu. In restaurants it refers to ordering individual dishes

rather than a fixed-price meal.

字面理解为：根据菜单点菜。在餐厅里指的是个人自行点餐，而不是选择价格固定的餐点。

à

propos

关于，对于

regarding/concerning (note that the correct French syntax is à

propos de)

abattoir

屠宰场

slaughterhouse

accouchement

坐月子；分娩

confinement during childbirth; the process of having a baby; only this last meaning remains in

French

在法语中只有分娩的意思保留了下来

acquis communautaire

共同体

used in European Union law to refer to the total body of EU law accumulated thus far.

用于欧盟律法中形容整个欧盟机构组成部分

adieu

告别，再会

farewell; literally means

next time

context, misuse of this term can be considered as an insult, as you'll wish for the other person's

death or will say that you don't wish to

see the other person ever again while alive. It is used for

revoir

adroit

灵活的，机敏的，熟练的

skillful, clever, in French: habile, as a

opposed to his left one with which he would be

aide- mé

moire

备忘录

ng

the major points of discussion

allez!

上！加油！表示命令或鼓励

amuse-bouche

or

amuse-gueule

餐前小点心

a single, bite-sized hors d'

?

uvre.

ancien ré

gime

旧体制

a sociopolitical or other system that no longer exists, an allusion to pre-revolutionary France (used

with capital letter in French with this meaning : Ancien Ré

gime)

aper?

u

预测，第一印象，最初判断

preview; a first impression; initial insight.

apé

ritif

开胃酒

a before-meal drink (in familiar French, it is shortened as

ro

drink or food (amuse- gueules....) you take before a meal. Also, in France, even if you're supposed to

eat after an apé

ritif, it is socially accepted to take your meal at home, therefore you can

have an

apé

ritif at a bar (with or without friends), or at a friend's before going back home.

appellation contr?

lé

e

原产地命名葡萄酒，即

AOC

supervised use of a name. For the conventional use of the term, see Appellation d'origine contr

?

l

é

e

Aprè

s moi, le dé

luge

直译：

―

洪水在我身后

‖

，意 译：

―

身后之事与我何干

‖

literally: After me, the deluge; remark attributed to Louis XV of France; used to denigrate the

attitude of someone who acts irresponsibly, without worrying on the consequences that his/her acts

could have; used in reference to the impending end of a functioning French monarchy and predicting

the French Revolution. No. 617 Squadron Royal Air Force, famously known as the

uses this as its motto. Also a verse in the song Aprè

s Moi by Regina Spektor. < /p>

出自路易十五的名句，用于形容一个人不负责任的态度，不在乎他

/

她的行为所带来的后果。

arê

te

脊，边缘

a narrow ridge. In French, also fishbone; edge of a polyhedron or graph; bridge of the nose.

armoire

衣橱

a type of cabinet; wardrobe.

art nouveau

新艺术

a style of decoration and architecture of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It bears a capital in

French (Art nouveau).

一种

19

世纪末到

20

世纪 初的装饰、建筑风格。

attaché

专员

/

随员

a person attached to an embassy; in French is also the past participle of the verb attacher (= to

fasten, to tight, to be linked...)

大使馆的工作人员，在法语中也是动词

attacher

的过去式。

Attaque au Fer

击剑

An attack on the opponent's blade in fencing, e.g. beat, expulsion, pressure.

au contraire

相反地

on the contrary.

au courant

与时俱进，跟进最新的消息

up- to-date; abreast of current affairs.

au fait

熟悉的

,

精通的

,

能上任的

being conversant in or with, or instructed in or with.

au jus

原汁的，原汤的

literally, with juice, referring to a food course

served with sauce. Often redundantly formulated, as

in

'Open-faced steak sandwich, served with au jus.'. No longer used in French, except for the slan

g

tre au jus

au pair

互惠生

a young foreigner who does domestic chores in exchange for room and board. In France, those

chores are mainly child care/education.

年轻的外国人 通过提供家务零工服务换取食宿，在法国这些零工一般都是照顾小孩或者做家教。

au revoir!

再见，一会儿见

again).

avant- garde (pl. avant-gardes)

先锋派

[

艺术流派之一

]

applied to cutting-edge or radically innovative movements in art, music and literature; figuratively

avant-garde) or

re-garde).

avant la lettre

前卫的

used to describe something or someone seen as a precursor or forerunner of something (such as an

artistic or political movement) before that something was recognized and named, e.g.

post-modernist avant la lettre

letter, i.e.

avec plaisir

很荣幸地，愉快地

my pleasure (lit.

ballet

芭蕾

a classical type of dance

beau geste

优雅的姿态；故作大方

literally

substance. in French : a selfless/generous/fair-play act.

Beaux-Arts

美术， 艺术

(

包括绘画、雕塑、建筑、音乐、舞蹈、木刻等

monumental architectural style of the early 20th century made famous by the Acadé

mie des

Beaux-Arts

beaucoup

很多，许多

plenty, lots of, much; merci beaucoup: thanks a lot; misused in slang, for example

money

Occasionally corrupted to Bookoo, typically in the context of French influenced by Vietnamese

culture.

bel esprit (pl. beaux esprits)

才子

,

才华出众的人

literally

belle

美女，美人

a beautiful woman or girl. Common uses

of this word are in the

phrases the

belle of the ball (the most

beautiful woman or girl present at a function) and southern belle (a beautiful woman from the

southern states of the US)

Belle ?

poque

美丽时代

a period in European

social history that began during the late 19th century and lasted until World

War

I.

belles-lettres

纯文学

literally

content; also, light, stylish writings, usually on literary or intellectual subjects

bien fait !

干得好！做得很棒！

literally

bien pensant

善于思考

literally

suffering faced by others. The noun form bien-pensance is rarely seen in English.

blasé

疲倦不堪的

,

< br>厌倦的

unimpressed with something because of over-familiarity, jaded.

Bleu celeste

天蓝色

literally

the seven main colours

or metals or the three

bon appé

tit

祝你胃口好，祝你用餐愉快

literally

bon mot

警语，妙语

well-chosen word(s), particularly a witty remark

bon vivant

享乐主义者，享受舒适生活的人

one who enjoys the good life, an epicurean

bon voyage

祝你旅途愉快

literally

bonjour

你好（早上或下午使用的问候语）

bonne chance

祝你好运

les boules

厌烦

(vulgar) literally

bourgeois

,

商人

,< /p>

资产阶级

member of the

bourgeoisie. The word used

to refer

to shopkeepers living in towns in the Middle Ages.

Now the term is derogatory, and it applies to a person whose beliefs, attitudes, and practices are

conventionally middle-class.

bric-à

-brac

(

乱堆的

)

旧货， 破烂货，乱七八糟的一堆破烂

small ornamental objects, less valuable than antiques; a collection of old furniture, china, plate and

curiosities. Cf. de bric et de broc, corresponding to our

brioche

奶油蛋卷

a sweet yeast bun, kind of a crossover between a popover and a light muffin; French also use the

term as slang for 'potbelly', because of the overhang effect.

法语俚语中也用这个词语形容大肚子或大腹便便的人。

brunette

棕色头发的女子

a brown- haired girl. For brown-haired man, French uses brun and for a woman brune.

rarely used in French, unless in old literature, and its masculine form,

unheard of.

法语中现在已经很少使用这个词。

bureau (pl. bureaux)

办公室

office. Also means

这个词在法语中既有办公室也有办公桌的意思。

?

a ne fait rien

不要紧，没关系

cachet

封印

;

特征

;

标语

;

药包

lit.

café

咖啡馆

a coffee shop (also used in French for

法语中还有咖啡的意思。

café

au lait

加奶咖啡

coffee with milk; or a light-brown color. In medicine, it is also used to describe a birthmark that is of

a light-brown color (café

au lait spot).

医学上也用来形容浅棕色的胎记。

calque

仿造

仿造词语

,

直译语

a copied term/thing

carte blanche

[

律

]< /p>

全权委托

,

署名空白纸

< br>(

任人填写条件等

)

unlimited authority; literally

carte de visite

名片

a calling card, literally

carte d'identité

身份证

identity card. Its proper, but less commonly used administrative appellation, is

nale

d'identité

c'est bon

很好，很棒

c'est la guerre!

这就是战争！

sometimes used as an expression to say that war (or life in general) is harsh but that one must

accept it.

可用来形容战争（或生活）很严酷但我们不得不接受。

c'est la mode.

这就是时尚。

c'est la vie!

这就是生活！

say that life is harsh but

that

one must accept it.

可用来表达生活是严酷的但我们不得不接受。

c'est magnifique!

非常棒！

c’

est tout

就这么多，全部就是这些

that is everything,

chacun ses go?

ts / à

chacun ses go?

ts / à

chacun son go?

t / chacun à

son go?

t [all are used]

chaise longue

躺椅

a long chair for reclining; (also rendered chaise lounge or chase lounge via folk etymology).

Champs-?

lysé

es

香榭丽舍大道

literally

lysé

es, one of the largest boulevards in Paris. Often

referred as simply

字面意思是

―

乐土

‖

的意思，是巴 黎最大的街道之一。

chanteuse

女歌手

a female singer

chapeau

帽子

a hat. In French, chapeau is also an expression of congratulations similar to the English

to....

chargé

d'affaires

代办，临时代办

a diplomat left in charge of day to day business at a diplomatic mission. Within the United States

Department of State a chargé

is any officer left in charge of the mission in the absence of the titular

chief of mission.

charlatan

吹牛的人，江湖骗子，招摇撞骗者

a person who is a fraud, a fake, a hoaxer, a deceiver, a con artist.

ch?

teaux en Espagne

空中楼阁

literally

lready used in the 13th

century in the Roman de la rose.

直译为

―

西 班牙的城堡

‖

，形容臆想出来的不可实现的计划或想法。

chauffeur

司机

driver

chef d'

?

uvre

杰作

a masterpiece

cherchez la femme

对于一个男子举止异常又难于解释原因，就用这个表达来形容。

e

apparently inexplicable manner, the reason may be found in his trying to cover up an illicit affair with

a woman, or to impress or gain favour with a woman. First used by Alexandre Dumas (pè

re) in the

third chapter of his novel Les Mohicans de Paris (1854).

chevalier d'industrie

商业骗子

chez

在

……

家里

at the house of : often used in the names of restaurants and the like; Chez Marie =

chic

现代风格的，流行的，有个性的

stylish

chignon

发髻

a hairstyle worn in a roll at the nape of the neck

ciné

ma vé

rité

纪实电影

realism in documentary filmmaking

cinq, cinque

五

five; normally referring to the 5 on dice or cards. In French, always spelt cinq.

一般是指骰子上或纸牌上的

5

。

cliché

老一套，陈腐的

lit. negative; trite through overuse; a stereotype

clique

私党，派系，阀

a small exclusive group of friends without morale; always used in a pejorative way in French.

commandant

司令官

a commanding officer. In France, used for an airline pilot (le commandant de bord), in the Army as

appellative for a chef de bataillon or a chef d'escadron (roughly equivalent to a major) or in the Navy

for any officer from capitaine de corvette to capitaine de vaisseau (equivalent to the Army's majors,

lieutenant-colonels and colonels) or for any officer heading a ship.

comme ci, comme ?

a

马马虎虎，不好不坏

a.

comme il faut

这是必须的；适当的，妥当的

communiqué

公报

lit. communicated; an official communication.

concierge

看门人，守门，管理人

a receptionist at a hotel or residence. As

they have a reputation for gossiping, concierge is also a mild

insult if you call anyone who isn't a receptionist that (meaning you're a shameless gossiper).

concordat

契约

an agreement; a treaty; when used with a capital C in French, it refers to the treaty between the

French State and Judaeo-Christian religions during the French Empire (Napoleon) : priests, ministers

and rabbis became civil servants. This treaty was abolished in 1905 (law Church-State separation)

but is still in use in Alsace-Lorraine (those territories were under German administration during

1871

–

1918)

confrè

re

合伙人

a colleague, esp. in the medical and law professions.

congé

离开，离去

a departure; in French refers to time off work

conte

短篇小说，故事

a short story, a tale; in French a conte has usually a fantasy context (such as in fairytales) and

always begins with the words

tait une fois

contre- coup

反击

against the blow

contre-jour

逆光

against daylight

contretemps

不测之灾祸；意外事故；延误

an awkward clash; a delay

coquette

卖弄风骚的女人；狐狸精

a flirtatious girl; a tease

cordon sanitaire

防疫封锁线

a policy of containment directed against a hostile entity or ideology; a chain of buffer states; lit.

cortè

ge

送葬队伍

a funeral procession; in French has a broader meaning and refers to all kinds of processions.

在法语中这个词可以用来表示各种游行、行进、队列等。

corvé

e

徭役，酬劳极少甚至无偿的被迫劳作

forced labor for minimal or no pay. In French, overall an unpleasant/tedious task.

cotte d'armes

盾形纹章

,

盾徽

coat of arms.