上海复旦大学附属中学高三上学期第一次综合测试英语试题

复旦附中

2017

学年第一学期

高三英语第一次综合测试英语试卷

（ 考试时间

120

分钟；满分

140

分）

I

．

Listening Comprehension

（略）

II.

Grammar and vocabulary

Section A

Directions:

A

fter reading the passage below

, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and

grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of

the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

T

echnology offers conveniences such as opening the garage door from your car or changing

the

television

station

without

touching

the

TV

.

Now

one

American

company

is

offering

its

employees a new convenience: a microchip implanted in their hands. Employees who have these

chips can do all kinds of things just by waving their hands.

Three

Square

Market

is

offering

to

implant

microchips

in

all

of

their

employees

(21)

_______

free.

Each

chip

costs

$$300

and

Three

Square

Market

will

pay

for

the

chip.

Employees

can

volunteer

to

have

the

chips

implanted

in

their

hands.

About

50

out

of

80

employees

(22)

_

______

(choose)

to

do

so.

The

president

of

the

company

,

his

wife

and

their

children are also getting chips implanted in their hands. The chip is about the size of a grain of rice.

Implanting the chip only takes about a second and is said to hurt only very briefly

. The chips go

under the skin between the thumb and forefinger

.

A microchip is shown (23) _______

(compare) with a dime, Aug. 1, 2017, at Three Square

Market

in

River

Falls,

Wis.,

(24) ________ the company

held a 'chip party' for employees who

volunteered to have the microchip embedded in their hands.

With a chip in the hand, a person can enter the office building, buy food, sign into

computers

and

more,

simply

by

waving

that

hand

near

a

scanner

.

The

chips

also

will

be

used

to

identify

employees.

Employees

who

want

convenience,

(25)

_

_______ do not want to have a microchip

implanted under their skin, can wear a wristband or a ring with a chip instead. They can

perform

the same tasks with a wave of their hands (26) ______

_

_______ they had an implanted chip.

Three

Square

Market

is

the

first

company

in

the

United

States

(27)_______

(offer)

to

implant chips in its employees. Epicenter

, a company in Sweden, has been implanting chips in its

employees for a while. Three

Square

Marketing

says the

chip

cannot

track the employee.

The

company

says

scanners

can

read

the

chips

only

(28) ________ they

are

within

a

few

inches

of

them.

Three

Square

Market

says

that

the

chips

protect

against

identity

theft

by

being

encrypted,

similar to credit cards. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (29)

_______(approve) the

chips

back in 2004, so they should be safe for humans, according to the company

.

In the future, people with the chips may be able to do more with them, even outside the

office. T

odd

W

est

by

is

Chief

Executive

Officer

of

Three

Square

Market.

He

says,

'Eventually

,

this

technology

will

become

standardized

(30) ________

(

allow)

you

to

use

this

as

your

passport,

public transit, all purchasing opportunities, etc.

”

Section B

Directions:

Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used

only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. match

G. silent

B. failure

H. reaching

C. guarantee

I. contained

D. included

J. causal

E. meet

K. regular

F

. convincing

On Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, Dan Heins had a routine: kidney dialysis from 6 to

10

a.m.; breakfast at the Main Street Deli in Anoka, Minnesota; working at his insurance office

down the block. The 56-year-old owner of the deli, Nancy V

olk, knew Heins

’

s type 1 diabetes was

responsible for his kidney 31

_______ and the amputation of his leg. And Dan knew that Nancy

,

a

single

mother

with

three

grown

daughters,

worked

two

other

jobs

to

keep

the

deli

open

and

32

_______

her

house

payments.

One

morning

as

he

ordered

his

breakfast,

Dan,

58,

said

he

would

be

on

kidney

dialysis

the

rest

of

his

life

if

he

didn't

receive

a

transplant.

Nancy

didn't

hesitate.

“

I'll donate

，

”

she said simply

.

A 33

_______

acquaintance volunteered to give

him

an organ

？

It seemed unreal to Dan

，

and Nancy had to spend weeks 34 ______

him she

was

serious.

The day before Thanksgiving in 2007, the results of the medical tests came in

：

She

was a 35

______

.

In

the

months

leading

up

to

the

transplant,

Dan's other

leg was

amputated

and Nancy's

financial

situation

grew

bad.

Dan's

insurance

would

cover

the

costs

of

the

operations,

but

she

wouldn't be able to work the part-time jobs for six weeks. And there was no 36 _______ they'd

be

there when she recovered.

Deli 37 ________ Steve Ohlsen put a wicker donation box near the register

. There was a

bake

sale and a 38

_

______ auction. In one month

，

the people of Anoka gave Nancy several thousand

dollars

—

enough to cover payments on her newly financed home while she recovered.

“

This was just local people 39

_

_______

into their pockets,”says Ohlsen.

Nancy and Dan had their operations in September

. Four months later

，

Dan was off dialysis

，

and

Nancy

sent

thank- you

notes

to

her

supporters.

She

40 ______

a

kidney

bean

in

each

envelope.

III.

Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions:

For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,

C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

“Deep reading”

---as opposed to the often superficial reading we do on the Web---is an

endangered

practice, one we ought to take steps to preserve as we would a historic building or a significant

work of art. Its__ 41 __would jeopardize

（危及）

the intellectual and emotional development of

generations growing up online, as well as the perpetuation of a critical part of our __ 42 __: the

novels, poems and other kinds of literature that can be __ 43 __ only by readers whose brains,

quite literally

, have been trained to apprehend them.

Recent research in cognitive

science, psychology and neuroscience has demonstrated that

deep reading ---slow

, immersive, rich in sensory detail and emotional and moral complexity ---is a

distinctive experience, different in kind from the mere decoding of words. Although deep reading

does not, strictly speaking, __ 44 __ a conventional book, the built-in limits of the printed page

are uniquely conducive to the deep reading experience. A book

’

s lack of hyperlinks, for example,

__

45 __the reader from making

decisions ---Should

I click

on this link

or

not?

---allowing her to

remain fully immersed

（使沉浸于）

in the narrative.

That immersion is supported by the way the brain handles language rich in detail, allusion

and metaphor: by creating a mental representation that draws on the same brain regions that

would be __ 46 __ if the scene were unfolding in real life. The emotional situations and moral

dilemmas that are the

stuff of literature are also vigorous __ 47 __ for the brain,

propelling us

inside the heads

of

__

48

__

characters

and

even,

studies

suggest,

increasing

our

real-life

capacity

for empathy

（认同）

.

None of this is likely to happen when

we’re

__ 49 __ through website. Although we call the

activity by the same name, the deep reading of books and the __ 50 __-driven reading we do

on the W

eb are very different, both in the __ 51 __ they produce and in the capacities they

develop. A growing body of evidence __ 52 __ that online reading may be less engaging and less

satisfying, even

for

the

“digital

__

53

__”

for

whom

it

is

so

familiar

.

Last

month,

for

example,

Britain

’

s National

Literacy

Trust

__

54

__

the

results

of

a

study

of

34,910

young

people

aged

8

to

16. Researchers reported that 39% of children and teens read daily using electronic devices,

but only 28% read __ 55 __ materials every day

. Those who read only onscreen were three times

less likely to say they enjoy reading very much and a third less likely to have a favorite book. The

study also found

that

young

people

who

read

daily

only

onscreen

were

nearly

two

times

less

likely

to

be above-average readers than those who read daily in print or both in print and

onscreen.

41.A. spread

42.A. history

43.

A. appreciated

44.

A. provide

45.

A. separates

46.

A. active

47.

A. campaign

48.

A. imaginative

B. disappearance

B. tradition

B. published

B. require

B. isolates

B. passive

B. exercise

B. main

C. influence

C. value

C. produced

C. revise

C. protects

C. collective

C. attack

C. fictional

D. destruction

D. culture

D. renewed

D. request

D. frees

D. positive

D. speech

D. tragic

49.

A. searching

50.

A. power

51.

A. effect

52.

A. advises

53.

A. devices

54.

A. received

55.

A. printed

B. browsing

B. information

B. evidence

B. presents

B. natives

B. rejected

B. classified

C. staring

C. desire

C. experience

C. sees

C. systems

C. released

C. related

D. watching

D. background

D. argument

D. suggests

D. settlers

D. confirmed

D. collected

Section B

Directions:

Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose

the

one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.

A

Pacific Science Center Guide

◆

Visit

Pacific Science Center

’

s Store

Don

’

t

forget

to

stop

by

Pacific

Science

Center

’

s

Store

while

you

are

here

to

pick

up

a

wonderful science activity or remember your visit. The store is located upstairs in Building 3 right

next to the Laster Dome.

◆

Hungry

Our exhibits will feed your mind but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of

lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonals. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is

open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes.

◆

Rental Information

Lockers

are

available

to

store

any

belongs

during

your

visit.

The

lockers

are

located

in

Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available

to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.

◆

Support Pacific Science Center

Since

1962

Pacific

Science

Center

has

been

inspiring

a

passion

for

discovery

and

lifelong

learning

in

science,

math

and

technology

.

T

oday

Pacific

Science

Center

serves

more

than

1.3

million people a year and beings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community

events

all

over

W

ashington

’

s

an

amazing

accomplishment

and

one

cannot

achieve

without

generous

support

from

individuals,

corporations,

and

other

social

organizations.

Visit

pacificsciencecenter

.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center

.

are you buy a at Science Center

A.

In Building 1.

B.

In Building 3.

C.

At the last Denny

.

D.

At the Denny Way entrance.

’

s the purpose of the last part of the text?

A.

T

o encourage donations.

B.

T

o advertise coming events.

C.

T

o introduce special exhibits.

D.

T

o tell about the Center

’

s history

.

B

（

2017

高考英语真题北京卷（阅读理解

D

篇）

）

Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil(

邪恶

) minds will drive armies of killer robots is

just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become

extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well- known

mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics

控制论）

, put it this way: “If

we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot

effectively interfere(

干预

), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is

the purpose which we really desire.”

A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with

living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor

is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the

machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single

instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off

switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we

could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose

objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.

The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of

computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of

firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world.

Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure

against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.

Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not

easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But

the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some

argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams

—

yet that is not

possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say

we can just “switch them off” as

if

super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super

intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford

stated, with confidence,

“Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these

atoms is talking moonshine.” However, on September 12, 19

33, physicist Leo Szilard invented the

neutron- induced(

中子诱导

) nuclear chain reaction.

58.

Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may

_

________

.

A.

run out of human control

B.

satisfy human’s real desires

C.

command armies of killer robots

D.

work faster than a mathematician

59.

Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might

be

able to

_______ .

A. prevent themselves from being destroyed

B achieve their original goals independently

C.

do anything successfully with given orders

D.

beat humans in international chess matches

60.

According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to

_

______ .

A.

help super intelligent machines work better

B.

be secure against evil human beings

C.

keep machines from being harmed

D.

avoid robots’ affecting the world

61.

What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?

A.

It will disappear with the development of AI.

B.

It will get worse with human interference.

C.

It will be solved but with difficulty.

D.

It will stay for a decade.