-
高考英语长难句分析精讲
长难句分析
Today we
make room for a remarkably narrow range of
personality styles. We're
told that to
be great is to be bold, to be happy is to be
sociable. We see ourselves as a
nation
of extroverts
—
which means
that we've lost sight of who we really are.
One-third to one-half of Americans are
introverts
—
in the other
words, one out of
every two or three
people you know. If you're not an introvert
yourself, you are surely
raising,
managing, married to, or coupled with one.
解析：
make room for
解释为让出地方给
……
，为
……
腾出空位。
We see ourselves as a nation of
extroverts
—
which means
that we've lost sight of
who we really
are.
这句中
see
…
as
等于
regard
…
as
，
treat
…
as
把。。。看做。。。
我们
把自己当做外向的人。
If these
statistics surprise you, that's probably because
so many people pretend to
be
extroverts. Closet introverts pass undetected on
playgrounds, in high school locker
rooms, and in the corridors of
corporate America. Some fool even themselves,
until
some life event
—
a layoff, an empty nest,
an inheritance that frees them to spend
time as they like
—
jolts them into taking
stock of their true natures. You have only to
raise this subject with your friends
and acquaintances to find that the most unlikely
people consider themselves introverts.
解析：
If these
statistics surprise you, that's probably because
so many people
pretend to be extroverts
.
这是一句条件状语从句，如果这些数据让你感到惊讶的话，
那
可能是因为很多文假装外向。
Some fool
even themselves, until some life event
—
a layoff, an empty nest,
an
inheritance that frees them to spend
time as they like
—
jolts
them into taking stock of
their true na
tures.
一些人甚至麻痹他们自己，
直到一些生命中的一些
事，
比如是失
业期，空槽期和一些遗传能够解放他们的天性，以
至于会让自己震惊到。
It makes sense
that so many introverts hide even from themselves.
We live with
a value system that I call
the Extrovert Ideal
—
the
omnipresent belief that the ideal
self
is gregarious, alpha, and comfortable in the
spotlight. The archetypal extrovert
prefers action to contemplation, risk-
taking to heed-taking, certainty to doubt. He
favors quick decisions, even at the
risk of being wrong. She works well in teams and
socializes in groups. We like to think
that we value individuality, but all too often we
admire one type of individual
—
the kind who's comfortable
1
/
7
高考英语长难句分析精讲
there.
to have any
personality they please, but they are the
exceptions, not the rule, and our
tolerance extends mainly to those who
get fabulously wealthy or hold the promise of
doing so.
解析：
We live with a value system that I call
the Extrovert Ideal
—
the
omnipresent belief that the ideal self
is gregarious, alpha, and comfortable in the
spotlight.
主干部分是
We live with a value system
，
后面是
that
引导的定语从句，
那就
是我们所谓的外向理想型。
其中
omnipresent
adj.
无所不在的
belief
后面
that
引导的是同位语从句，
解
释为理想的自己是社交的，
开放的，
以及很舒适的适应
公众的注意力的。
The
archetypal extrovert prefers action to
contemplation, risk-taking to
heed-
taking, certainty to doubt.
这一句比较难理解，
archetypal
是原形的，
也就是最<
/p>
初的外向是倾向于行动的而不会沉思，喜欢冒险而不是保守，确信而不是疑问。
We allow technologically gifted
loners who launch companies in garages to have
any personality they please, but they
are the exceptions, not the rule, and our
tolerance
extends mainly to those who
get fabulously wealthy or hold the promise of
doing so.
主干部分是主谓宾的结构，后面是
who<
/p>
引导的定语从句，从句中有
to
引导的不
定式。
Personality
后面的
they please
是定语从句，修饰
personality
。
But
是连词，
后面又是一句完整的句子。
and our tolerance extends mainly to tho
se
，后面是定
语从句，修饰
thos
e.
Introversion
—
along with its cousin’s sensitivity,
seriousness, and shyness —
is
now a second-class personality trait,
somewhere between a disappointment and a
pathology. Introverts living under the
Extrovert Ideal are like women in a man's world,
discounted because of a trait that goes
to the core of who they are. Extroversion is an
enormously appealing personality style,
but we've turned it into an oppressive
standard to which most of us feel we
must conform.
解析：
Introversion
—
along with its cousin’s sensitivity,
seriousness, and
shyness
—
is now a second-class
personality trait, somewhere between a
disappointment and a
pathology.
这里需要注意的是
along with
是遵循就前原则，
主
语是第三人称单数
，所以谓语是
is.
Extroversion is an
enormously appealing personality style, but we've
turned it
into an oppressive standard
to which most of us feel we must conform.
外向型的性格
是很吸引人的性格，
但是我们把它转变为压迫
性的标准而且是我们必须要遵循的
2
/
7
高考英语长难句分析精讲
标准。后面
是
but
引导的句子，
we've turned it into an oppressive
standard
后面的
to which
是引导定语从句，典型的介词加
which
的形式。
The Extrovert Ideal has been
documented in many studies, though this research
has never been grouped under a single
name. Talkative people, for example, are rated
as smarter, better-looking, more
interesting, and more desirable as friends.
Velocity of
speech counts as well as
volume: we rank fast talkers as more competent and
likable
than slow ones. Even the word
introvert is stigmatized
—
one informal study, by
psychologist
Laurie Helgoe, found that introverts described
their own physical
appearance in vivid
language, but when asked to describe generic
introverts they drew
a bland and
distasteful picture.
解析：
Even
the word introvert is stigmatized
—
one informal study, by
psychologist Laurie Helgoe, found that
introverts described their own physical
appearance in vivid language, but when
asked to describe generic introverts they drew
a bland and distasteful picture.
这句引导的是让步状语从句，即使在这个世界上内
向的人是受人责难的，
中间破折号是插入语，
谓语动词是
found
，
然后后面是
that
引导的宾语从句，
从句中的主干部分是主谓宾结构，
发
现内向的人可以很生动的
描述他们自己的外貌特征但是当被问到一类的内向型的人时，<
/p>
往往描述的很乏味
和空洞。
But we make a grave mistake to embrace
the Extrovert Ideal so unthinkingly.
Some of our greatest ideas, art, and
inventions
—
from the theory
of evolution to van
Gogh's sunflowers
to the personal computer
—
came from quiet and cerebral people
who
knew how to tune in to their inner worlds and the
treasures to be found there.
解析：
Some of our
greatest ideas, art, and inventions — from the
theory of evolution
to van Gogh's
sunflowers to the personal computer — came from
quiet and cerebral
people who knew how
to tune in to their inner worlds and the treasures
to be found
there.
本句主干部分是
Some
of
our
greatest
ideas
，谓语是
came
from
，宾语是
quiet
and
cerebral
people
，后
面是
who
引导的定语从句修饰前行词
people
。那些
知道怎么进入内心的世界和财富，最后是<
/p>
to be found
there
不定式做后置定语。
The
search
for
latent
prints
is
done
in
a
systematic
and
intelligent
manner.
Investigators develop techniques to
locate traces of fingerprints at a crime scene.
The
basic premise in searching for
latent prints is to examine more carefully those
areas,
which
would
most
likely
be
touched
by
persons
who
have
been
on
the
scene.
The
natural
manner
in
which
a
person
would
use
and
place
his
hands
in
making
an
3
/
7