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Unit 2 Space Invaders
KEY TO EXERCISES
Text comprehension
I.
Decide which of the
following best states the author's purpose of
writing.
II.
Judge, according to the
text, whether the following statements are true or
false.
1.
T
(Refer
to
Paragraph
1.
At
the
bank,
one
of
the
customers
inched
forward
and
caused other customers
to advance so public order is being disrupted.)
2.
T (Refer to the last
sentence of Paragraph 4. Caffeine can generally
help inspire the
spirit of a human, and
over-consumption of caffeine can make him
restless.)
3.
T (Refer to
the first two sentences of Paragraph 5: Personal
space is mostly a public
matter; we
allow all kinds of invasions of personal space in
private. [Humanity wouldn't
exist
without them.])
4.
T
(Refer
to
Paragraph
6.
The
last
two
sentences
convey
the
author's
opinion
on
personal
space:
an
individual's
personal
space
should
be
respected,
which
shows
a
person's
manners on social occasions.)
5.
F
(Refer
to
Paragraph 8.
Personal
space
is
psychological.
This
means
when people
are
absorbed
in
their
inner
world,
they
will
pay
little
attention
to
the
world
outside,
including their personal space. By this
the author intends to explain why people care less
about
their
personal
space
than
ever
and
why
their
personal
space
is
shrinking.
Undoubtedly, when
the invasion of one's space in the physical world
is perceived, he will
certainly feel
that his personal space is shrinking.)
III.
A
nswer the following
questions.
1.
Refer to
Paragraph 1. Because he wants to show the
importance of personal space in
maintaining
public
order.
If
one's
personal
space
is
invaded,
he
may,
in
preserving
his
own space, break into others' personal
space. The chain action can cause chaos in public
order.
2.
Refer
to
Paragraph
2.
In
Paragraph
2,
the
author
defines
personal
space
as
one's
individual sphere with
the self at the center and a certain distance on
each side. It is part
of one's privacy,
the invasion of which necessarily makes one
uneasy.
3.
tendency
refers
to
the
phenomenon
exemplified
in
the
previous
paragraph,
that is, the
escalation of the invasion of personal space. The
writer used to think this was
caused by
the
the season is the cause: in summer
dress some people are more attractive. In
addition, he
suggests,
in
seriousness
or
jest,
the
stimulating
effect
of
caffeine
contributes
to
the
C
escalation of the invasion of personal
space too.
4.
In
Paragraph 5, the writer mainly describes one
important characteristic of personal
space:
personal
space
is
a
relative
concept;
people
in
different
regions
have
different
concepts of personal space. The size of
personal space varies according to where one
lives.
Where
one
has
a
spread,
he
will
have
a
more
spacious
concept
of
personal
space
than
those who do not have a
large place of their own.
5.
Refer to Paragraph 8.
Because people are more self-absorbed than before.
In other
words they are paying less
attention to the outside world, including personal
space, than
before. The fact that
people care less about their personal space in
effect encourages space
invasion.
IV.
Explain in
your own words the following sentences.
1.
The phrase
2.
In hot summer
days people can be drawn to each other, especially
to the opposite sex
(or feel disgusted
with the closeness of others).
3.
People in different regions
have different sizes of personal space.
4.
It
is
quite
common
that
one
person
occupies
a
booth
and
a
set
of
facing
seats
designed for four people.
5.
The author hopes that his
own stand against the shrinking of personal space,
while
small in itself, will nonetheless
eventually have a dramatic effect in the same way
as the
breeze from a butterfly's wings
in Japan, if it initiates a chain of waves, may
eventually
produce a tidal wave in
California.
Structural
analysis of the text
The author looks
at the causes of space invasion in Paragraph 4. He
first attributes this
phenomenon
to
the
population
explosion,
then,
light-
heartedly,
to
the
hot
weather
and
the
stimulation of
caffeine. But
the
true
cause
strikes
him
as
likely
to
be
the
decline
of
manners (Paragraph 6).
He
examines the nature of space invasion in
Paragraphs 5?. He thinks that space invasion
is a public matter. It is more
psychological than physical.
Rhetorical features of the text
1.
Verbs and verbal phrases that describe
the behaviour of space invaders:
inch
toward
/
wedge
themselves
in
/
zigzag
through
/
jostle
/
refuse
to
give
way
/
press forward / bump into / stake a
claim to / annex / commandeer
2.
Verbs
and
verbal
phrases
that
describe
the
reaction
of
those
whose
space
is
being
invaded:
minutely advance toward /
sidle up to / shuffle toward
Vocabulary exercises
I.
Explain the underlined part
in each sentence in your own words.
1.
drooping; loosened;
slackened
2.
tone; sound
3.
already over-
stimulated / restless local people / residents
4.
unfriendliness; cold-shouldering
5.
membership of
a group or organization
II.
Fill
in
the
blank(s)
in
each
sentence
with
a
phrase
from
the
box
in
its
appropriate
form.
1.
sidled up
2.
carve out
3.
attribute ...
to
4.
stake a
claim
5.
tread
on
6.
plowed
into
7.
is
proportional to
8.
breathing down their necks
III.
F
ill in the blanks with
appropriate forms of the given words.
1.
annoying
2.
intuition
3.
relented
4.
proliferates
5.
lamentably
6.
expansive
7.
routine
8.
shrinkage
IV.
Choose
the
word
or
phrase
that
can
replace
the
underlined
part
in
each
sentence
without changing its original meaning.
1. D
2. A
5. C
6. B
V.
Give a synonym or an
antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in
the sense
it is used.
1.
Antonym: significantly
(considerably, incautiously)
2.
Synonym: shrinking
(receding, lessening)
3.
Antonym: private (personal, individual)
4.
Synonym: give
(present, confer)
5.
Antonym: tightened (tense, rigid)
6.
Synonym:
recently (currently)
7.
Synonym: old-fashioned (odd,
antiquated)
3. B
4. D
7. A
8. B
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