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英语字母及字母组合与单词发音
白昆
英语字母及字母组合与发音的规律
陕西省杨凌区杨陵中学
白昆
<
/p>
学好英语的前提是掌握足够的词汇,而对学习英语的人来说,记忆单词是一件枯草乏
味的事,而且记了忘,再记再忘,使学习者倍受打击。本文用表格形式列举了字母及字母组
p>
合与发音的关系,并附有例词,
对个别例外的发音也有详细的说明,
简单实用。如果你能认
真阅读我总结的《字母及字母组合与发音的规律》
,相信你不会再为记单词发愁。本文能有
效地帮助你迅速扩大你的词汇量。
p>
一、元音及
48
个音标对照表
:
音标有
48
个,其中元音
20
个,
20
个元音音标中又分
12
单元音和<
/p>
8
个双元音;辅音音
标
< br>28
个;其中又分
11
个清辅音
和
17
个浊辅音。
单元音:根据发音部位的不同又分前元音、中元音、后元音
前元音:
[i:] [ i ] [e]
[?]
;
中元音
[
?
]
[
?
:]
[
?
]
;
后元音
[
α:
]
[
?
]
[
?
:] [u] [u:]
双元音:合口双元音
[ei]
[ai] [au] [
?
i]
[
?
u]
;
集中双元音
[i
?
] [e
?
]
[u
?
]
元音、辅音对照表
长元音
5
12
个单元音
元音
8
个双元音
短元音
8
[ei]
[i]
[
?
]
[i:]
[
?
:]
[
?
:]
[u:
]
[
?
]
[
α:
]
[u]
[
?
]
[?]
[e]
[ai]
[au]
[
?
i]
[
?
u]
[t]
[d]
[n]
[j]
[k]
[g]
[
?
]
[l]
[f]
[v]
[i
?
]
[e
?
]
[u
?
]
[∫]
[
?
]
[t
?
]
清辅音
10
对
[p]
浊辅音
辅音
3
个鼻音
3
个似拼音
2
个半元音
[b]
[m]
[w]
[s]
[
θ
]
[z]
[?
]
[tr]
[ts]
[d
?
]
[dr]
[dz]
[h](
清辅音
)
[r]
注:
[h]
、
[r]
、
[
l]
,由于它们三个的发音非常相似,所以称之为似拼音。
二、字母组合及发音
字母和
及组合
读音
[ei]
[?]
a
[
?
]
[
?
]
[α:]
ai/ay
air
al
ar
are
说明
在重读开音节中
在重读闭音节中
在非重读音节中
前面是辅音
[w]
后面是
ss, st, sk, th, f, n
在重读音节中
在非重读音节中
但在
f,
m
前发
[α:]
在重读音节中
在非重读音节中
1
例词
a, same, labour
cat, pack,
plan
about, again, woman, China
wash, what, want
class,
fast, ask, bath, staff, dance
afraid,
gain, wait, day, play, way
mountain,
portrait, Sunday, holiday
air, chair,
hair
wall, call, talk, walk,
half, palm
car,
farm, party
grammar, sugar, particular
care, dare, rare
[ei]
[ i ]
[e
?
]
[
?
]
[α:]
[
?
]
[e
?
]
英语字母及字母组合与单词发音
白昆
au(gh)
aw
b
[
?
:]
[
?
:]
[b]
[/]
[k]
[s]
ch
ck
d
dge
[t
?
]
[k]
[k]
[d]
[d
?
]
[i:]
e
[e]
[
?
]
[i]
[i:]
ea
[e]
[ei/e]
[i
?
]
ear
[
?
:]
[α:]
[e
?
]
[t]
-ed
ee
eer
ei
er
ere
eu
ew
f
g
gu
ge
h
i
前面是字母
m
后面是
a, o, u
后是辅音字母
后面是字母
e, i, y
在某些单词中
在重读开音节中
在重读闭音节中
在非重读音节中
在前缀或后缀中
两个单词中
p>
前面是清音
([t]
除外
< br>)
前是元
/
浊音
([d]
除外
)
前面是<
/p>
[t]
或
[d]
在重读音节中
在非重读音节中
在词首或词尾多发
[g]
在词中间
在词尾
在有些词中
在重读开音节中
2
cause, August, fault; daughter, caught,
taught
law, claw, saw
bed,
book, club
comb, tomb, climb
cap, cool, cut
clean, class,
cream
centre, nice, city, bicycle
child, change, teach, check
school, chemistry, headache, stomach
back, clock, pocket
desk,
red, hard
bridge, fridge, judge
we, he she, these
pen, best,
well
silence, open
decision,
behind, careless
beat, meat, sea,
breathe
head, breakfast, peasant,
breath
great,
steak
(肉排,牛排)
hear, clear, dear, near
heard, early, learn, pearl
heart
pear, bear, wear swear
worked, jumped, washed
lived, stayed, closed
wanted, needed
three, need,
green
deer, beer, engineer
receive, ceiling
term, serve, verb
teacher,
paper, perform
here, mere
there, where
feudal
(封建的)
,
neutral
(中立的)
new,
few, newspaper;
flew, blew,
jewelry
fast, wife, leaf
girl, great, big
guest,
guide, league, dialogue
language
large, page, village
hope,
hard, help
hour, honour
I, like, nine, fine
c
[d]
[id]
[i:]
[i
?
]
[i:]
[
?
:]
[
?
]
[i
?
]
[e
?
]
[ju:]
[ju:/u:]
[f]
[g]
[g]
[gw]
[d
?
]
[h]
[/]
[ai]