-
Designation: D 422
—
63
(Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method
for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils
颗粒分析试验标准方法
1.
Scope
范围
1.1
This
test
method
covers
the
quantitative
determination
of
the
distribution
of
particle sizes in soils. The
distribution of particle sizes larger than 75
μ
m (retained on
the
No.
200
sieve)
is
determined
by
sieving,
while
the
distribution
of
particle
sizes
smaller than 75
μ
m is determined by a
sedimentation process, using a hydrometer to
secure the necessary data (Note 1 and
Note 2).
该试验方法用于定量分析土中粒径的
分布。粒
径大于
75
μm
（保留在
NO.200
筛上）的土粒分布由筛分试验确定，而
粒径小于
75
μm
的土粒分布由沉降过
程确定，
沉降过程用一比重计获取必要的数
据（注释
1
和注释
2
）
。
Note
1
—
Separation may be made on
the No 4 (4.75-mm,),
No(425-
μ
m), or No. 200
(75-
μ
m)
sieve
instead of the No.10. For whatever sieve used, the
size shall be indicated in the report.
注释
1
—土试样分离可能在
NO 4<
/p>
（
4.75mm
）
，
NO 40
（
425
μm
）或
NO 200
（<
/p>
75
μm
）筛
上
进行而不是
NO 10
（
2.00mm
）筛。无论使用何种孔径的筛，都必需在报告中注明。
Note 2--Two
types of dispersion devices are provided: (l) a
high-speed mechanical stirrer, and
(2)
air
dispersion.
Extensive
investigations
indicate
that
air-dispersion
devices
produce
a
more
positive dispersion of plastic soils
below the 20-pm size and appreciably less
degradation on all
sizes when used with
sandy soils. Because of the definite advantages
favoring air dispersion, its
use
is
recommended.
The
results
from
the
two
types
of
devices
differ
in
magnitude,
depending
upon soil type,
leading to marked differences in particle size
distribution, especially for sizes finer
than 20 pan.
注释
2<
/p>
—提供两种散开装置：
（
1
）一种高速的机械搅拌器，
（
2
）空气散开装置。广泛的
调查表明空气散开装置对
20-<
/p>
μm
以下的塑性土具有更有效的分散土粒的作用，更好的是对
于砂性土能有效的减少土粒粒径的降级。
由于空气散开装置明显的有
利散开土粒的优点，
建
议使用该装置。两种装置效果的巨大不同
，取决于土的类型，导致粒径分布的明显不同，特
别是对于粒径小于
20-
μm
的土粒。
2. Referenced
Documents
参考文件
2.1
ASTM Standards:
D 421
Practice for Dry Preparation of Soil Samples for
Particle-Size Analysis and
Determination of Soil Constants.
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth
Sieves for Testing Purposes.
E100
Specification for ASTM Hydrometers.
3.
Apparatus
仪器设备
3.1 Balances-A balance
sensitive to 0.01 g for weighing the material
passing a No.
10 (2.00-mm) sieve, and a
balance sensitive to 0.1% of the mass of the
sample to be
weighed
for
weighing
the
material
retained
on
a
No.
10
sieve.
天平—最小称量为
0.01g
，用于称量通过
NO 10
（
2.00mm
）筛的土粒，对于留在
NO 10
（
2.00mm
）
筛上的土粒，天平的称量精确度要达到样品质量的
0.1%
。
3.2 Stirring Apparatus-
Either apparatus A or B may be used.
搅拌器
—搅拌器
A
或
搅拌器
< br>B
均可。
3.2.1 Apparatus A shall
consist of a mechanically operated stirring device
in which
a suitably mounted electric
motor turns a vertical shaft at a speed of not
less than 10
000 rpm without load. The
shaft shall be equipped with a replaceable
stirring paddle
made of metal, plastic,
or hard rubber, as shown in Fig.1 .The shaft shall
be of such
length that the stirring
paddle will operate not less than 3/4 in. (19.0
mm) nor more
than
1
1
2
in.(38.1 mm) above the bottom of the
dispersion cup. A special dispersion
cup conforming to either of the designs
shown in Fig. 2 shall be provided to hold the
sample while it is being dispersed.
3.2.1
搅拌器
A
：机器操作控制的搅拌装置，其电动垂直轴在无荷载下的旋
转速度不小于
10000 rpm
。轴应配备可更换的搅拌板，搅拌板可由金属、塑
料或
者硬塑料，
如图
1
所示。
轴的长度应满足运行时搅拌板离搅拌桶底部的距离不少
< br>于
19mm
，不大于
38.1m
m
。一种特置的如图
2
中所示的任一搅
拌桶也是整套仪
器不可缺少的一部分，用于盛需搅拌分散的土试样。
3.2.2 Apparatus B shall consist of an
air-jet dispersion cups (Note 3) conforming to
the general details shown in Fig.
3(Note 4 and Note 5).
3.2.2
搅
拌器
B
：其主要组成部分为一带喷气的搅拌桶（注释
3
）
，如图
3
所
示（注释
4
和注释
5
）
。
Note 3-The amount of air required by an
air-jet dispersion cup is of the order of
2ft
3
/min; some
small air compressors are not capable
of supplying sufficient air to operate a cup.
注释
3
：一个喷射空气的搅拌桶需要的空气量为
2ft
3
/min
，一些小型的空气压缩机不能
提供充足的空气量支持搅拌桶的运行。
Note
4-Another air-type dispersion device, known as a
dispersion tube, developed by Chu and
Davidson at Iowa State College, has
been shown to give results equivalent to those
secured by the
air jet dispersion cups.
When it is used, soaking of
the sample can be done in the sedimentation
cylinder, thus eliminating the need for
transferring the slurry. When the air-dispersion
tube is used,
it shall be so indicated
in the report
注释
4
：另一种空气型搅拌装置，带有一管子，由
Iowa
State
学院的
Chu
和
Davidson
发明，试验表明其效果与喷射
空气搅拌桶的一致。使用时，浸泡试样可在沉降筒中进行，而
不用将转移溶液。当试验中
使用了空气搅拌管，在报告中也要指出。
Note 5-Water may condense
in air lines when not in use. This water must be
removed, either by
using a water trap
on the air line, or by blowing the water out of
the lice before using any of the air
for dispersion purposes
注释
5
：当不使用时，水分可能空气传输线路中浓缩凝结。在使用空气振
荡器分散土粒
时，水必需排除，在空气传输线路中设置集水装置或者将其吹出。
3.3
Hydrometer-An ASTM hydrometer, graduated to read
in either specific gravity
of
the
suspension
or
grams
per
litre
of
suspension,
and
conforming
to
the
requirements for
hydrometers 151H or 152H in Specifications E 100.
Dimensions of
both hydrometers are the
same, the scale being the only item of difference.
3.3
液体比重计—
ASTM
标准比重计，
能用于测量悬浮液的比重或是每升的
质量，遵从规范
E
100
中的比
重计
151H
或
152H
的技术要求。两种液体比重计
的尺寸一致，唯一不同的是其刻度。
3.4
Sedimentation Cylinder-A glass cylinder
essentially 18in. (457 mm) in height
and
2
1
2
in. (63.5 mm) in diameter,
and
marked for a volume of
1000-mL. The inside
diameter shall be
such that the 1000-mI, mark is
36
±
2 cm from the bottom on
the
inside.
3.4
沉
降筒—一种高为
457mm
，直径为
6
3.5mm
的玻璃筒，标记容积为
1000ml
。其内径应满足从筒内底部至
36
±
< br>2cm
高度的容积为
1000-ml
。
3.5 Thermometer-A
thermometer accurate to 10F (0.50C)
3.5
温度计—温度计精度为
1
℉（
0.5
℃）
。
3.6 Sieves-A
series of sieves, of square-mesh woven-wire cloth;
conforming to the
requirements of
Specification E 11.A full set of sieves includes
the following (Note
6):
3.6
筛—一系列不同孔径的筛，其网格面积符合规范
E
Ⅱ的要求。整套标准
筛包括下列孔径（注释
6
）
：
3-in. (75mm)
No.
10(2.00mm)
2-in.
(50mm)
No.
20(850μm)
1
1
-
in.
(37.5mm)
No. 40(425μm)
2
1-
in. (25.0mm)
No.
60(250μm)
3
-
in. (19.0mm)
No. 140(106μm)
4
3
-
in.
(9.5mm)
No.
200(75μm)
8
No.
4(4.75mm)
Note
6-A set of sieves as required in Section 17,
uniform spacing of points for the
used
if desired- This set consists following sieves:
注释
6
——在
17
节里，整套标准筛在筛分曲线坐标轴上的间距相同。包括下列筛：
3-in. (75mm)
No. 16(1.18mm)
1
1
-
in.
(37.5mm)
No. 30(600μm)
2
3
-
in.
(19.0mm)
No.
50(300μm)
4
3
-in. (9.5mm)
No.
100(150
μm)
8
No. 4(4.75mm)
No.
200(75μm)
No. 8(2.36mm)
3.7
Water
Bath
or
Constant-Temperature
Room-A
water
bath
or
constant-temperature
room
for
maintaining
the
soil
suspension
at
a
constant
temperature during
the hydrometer analysis. A satisfactory water tank
is an insulated
tank
that
maintains
the
temperature
of
the
suspension
at
a
convenient
constant
temperature at or
near 6
8
℉
< br>(20
0
℃
). Such a
device is illustrated in Fig. 4. in cases
where
the
work
is
performed
in
a
room
at
an
automatically
controlled
constant
temperature, the water bath is not
necessary.
3.7
水槽或是恒温室——该设备主
要用于保证在液体比重计分析试验时保持
土颗粒悬浮液能在一个恒定的温度里。
一个令人满意的水箱是绝热的，
能维持温
度在恒
定的合适的状态下，或是接近
68
℉（
20
℃）
。装置见图
4
。如果工作是在
可调节温度的空调房中进行，则不必配备该设备。
3.8 Beaker-A beaker
of 250-mL capacity.
3.8
烧杯——
容积为
250ml
。
3.9 Timing Device-A watch or clock with
a second hand
3.9
记时器——带有秒针的手表或钟。
4. Dispersing
Agent
分散剂
4.1 A
solution of sodium hexametaphosphate (sometimes
called sodium metap-
hosphate) shall be
used in distilled or demineralized water, at
the
rate
of
40g of
sodium hexametaphosphate/litre of
solution (Note 7).
4.1
一种叫六偏
磷酸钠（有时叫偏磷酸钠）的溶液，用蒸馏水或是软化水配
置，每升溶液含
40g
六偏磷酸钠（注释
7
）
。
Note 7-Solutions of this salt, if
acidic, slowly revert or hydrolyze back to the
orthophosphate
form
with
a
resultant
decrease
in
dispersive
action.
Solutions
should
be
prepared
frequently
(at
least once a month) or adjusted to pH
of 8 or 9 by means of sodium carbonate. Bottles
containing
solutions should have the
date of preparation marked on them.
注释<
/p>
7
——如果该盐溶液呈酸性，慢慢的还原或是水解成正磷酸盐的形
式，起到稀释的
作用。溶液应经常配制（至少每月一次）或是用碳酸钠调整到
ph
值为
8
或
9
。溶液瓶上应
标记溶液配制的日期。
4.2 All water used shall be
either distilled or demineralized water. The water
for
a
hydrometer
test
shall
be
brought
to
flee
temperature
that
is
expected
to
prevail
during the
hydrometer test. For example, if the sedimentation
cylinder is to be placed
in the water
bath, the distilled or demineralized water to be
used shall be brought to
the
temperature of the controlled water bath; or, if
the sedimentation cylinder is used
in
a
room
with
controlled
temperature,
the
water
for
the
test
shall
be
at
the
temperature
of
the
room.
The
basic
temperature
for
the
hydrometer
test
is
6
8
℉
(2
0
℃
).
Small
variations
of
temperature
do
not
introduce
differences
that
are
of
practical
significance and do not prevent the use of
corrections derived as prescribed.
4.2
所有使用水为蒸馏水或是软化水。水在试验使用前应控制好其温度。例
< br>如，沉降筒放在水槽中，
则蒸馏水或是软化水的温度应达到水槽中的水温。
如果
是放在空调室，
则其温度应达到室温。<
/p>
比重计测试法的控制温度是
68
℉
（
20
℃）
。
小范围的温度波动不会实际产生太大变化也不会影响对试验指定的修正。
5. Test
Sample
试样
5.1 Prepare the test sample
for mechanical analysis as outlined in Practice D
421.
During the preparation procedure
the sample is divided into two portions. One
portion
contains only particles
retained on the No. 10 (2.00-mm) sieve while the
other portion
contains only particles
passing the No. 10 sieve. The mass of air-dried
soil selected for
purpose of tests, as
prescribed in Practice D 421, shall he sufficient
to yield quantities
for mechanical
analysis as follows:
5.1
按操作规程
D 421
的要求为机械分
析准备试样。
制样期间试样分成两份。
一份仅为粒径不能通过<
/p>
NO.10
（
2.00mm
）筛而保留在筛上的土试样，一份仅为
粒径小于
NO
.10
（
2.00mm
）筛的试样。在
空气中自然干燥的试样质量应满足操
作规程
D
421
的要求。其规定如下：
5.1.1
The
size
of
the
portion
retained
on
the
No.
10
sieve
shall
depend
on
the
maximum size of particle, according to
the following schedule:
5.1.1
粒径大于
NO.10
筛的试样质量取决于最大颗粒的尺寸，按照下面要求
取样：
最大颗粒直径
in. (mm)
3
(9.5mm)
8
3
(19.0mm)
4
大约最少质量
g
500
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
1 (25.4mm)
1
1
(38.1mm)
2
2(50.8mm)
3
(76.2mm)
5.1.2
The size of the portion passing the No. 10 sieve
shall be approximately 115 g
for sandy
soils and approximately 65g for silt and clay
soils.
5.1.2
通过了
N
O.10
（
2.00mm
）筛的试样的
质量大约为
115g
砂质土和大约
65
g
粉土和粘土。
5.2 Provision is made in
Section 5 of Practice D 421 for weighing of the
air-dry soil
selected
for
purpose
of
tests,
the
separation
of
the
soil
on
the
No.
10
sieve
by
dry-
sieving and washing, and the weighing of the
washed and dried fraction retained
on
the No. 10 sieve. From these two masses the
percentages retained and passing the
No. 10 sieve can be calculated in
accordance with 12.1.
5.2
试样的制备按操作规程
D 421
的第
五部分称取空气干燥后的土样。通过
干筛及水洗分离未通过
NO
.10
（
2.00mm
）筛的试样，并
称取经水洗干燥后保留
在
NO.10
（
2.00mm
）筛上的试样质量。根据以上两部分的质量，由<
/p>
12.1
节可计
算出保留和通过
NO.10
（
2.00mm
）筛的试样的百分比。
Note 8-A check on the mass values and
the thoroughness of pulverization of the clods may
be
secured by weighing the portion
passing the No. 10 sieve and adding this value to
the mass of the
washed and oven-dried
portion retained on the No. 10 sieve.
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF PORTION RETAINED ON
NO.10(2.00-mm) SIEVE
粒径大于
NO.10
（
2.
00mm
）筛部分试样的颗粒筛分分析
6. Procedure
步骤
6.1
Separate the portion retained on the
No. 10 (2.00-mm) sieve into a series of
fractions using the 3-in. (75-mm),
2-in. (50-mm),
1
1
2
-in. (37.5-mm), 1-in. (25.0-mm),
3
4
-in. (19.0-mm),
3
8
-in. (9.5-mm),
No. 4 (4.75-mm), and No. 10 sieves, or as many
as may be needed depending on the
sample, or upon the specifications for the
material
under test.
6.1
用孔径为
75.0mm
、
50mm
、
37.5mm
、
25.0mm
、
19mm
、
9.5mm
、
4.75mm
和
2.00mm
的筛筛分未通过
NO.10
（
2.00mm
）
筛的试样，
或者依据试样实际情况
选择不同孔径的组合，或者依据规范按具体的测试需要选择不同孔径的筛。
6.2 Conduct the
sieving operation by means of a lateral and
vertical motion of the
sieve,
accompanied
by
a
jarring
action
in
order
to
keep
the
sample
moving
continuously over the surface of the
sieve. In no case turn or manipulate fragments in
the sample through the sieve by hand.
Continue sieving until not more than 1 mass %
of the residue on a sieve passes that
sieve during 1 min of sieving. When mechanical
sieving is used, test the thoroughness
of sieving by using the hand method of sieving
as described above.
6.2
横向和垂直方向摇动筛，并伴随着振动，以使试样持续在筛表面运动。
在
任何情况都不允许用手使试样通过筛。
连续振筛直到在一分钟内通过筛孔的土
粒不到土样的
1%
。当采用机械振动时，测试上面
提到的手动振筛的筛分程度。
6.3
Determine
the
mass
of
each
fraction
on
a
balance
conforming
to
the
requirements of the end of weighing,
the sum of the masses retained on all the
sieves used should equal closely the
original mass of the quantity sieved.
6
.3
用天平称每部分试样的质量，天平需满足
3.1
节的要求。最后将称取的
所有筛上的试样质量相加得到总质量，
要求试验过筛后的总质量十分接近试样未
过筛时的总质量。
HYDROMETER AND SIEVE ANALYSIS OP
PORTION
PASSING THE NO. 10
(2.00-mm) SIEVE
比重计和筛分分析粒径小于
2.00mm
的颗粒
7.
Determination of Composite Correction for
Hydrometer Reading
7.
确定比重计读数的修正值
7.1 Equations
for percentages of soil remaining in suspension,
as given in 14.3, are
based on the use
of distilled or demineralized water. A dispersing
agent is used in the
water, however,
and the specific gravity of the resulting liquid
is appreciably greater
than that of
distilled or demineralized water.
7.1 <
/p>
悬浮液中试样的百分含量（按
14.3
节
计算）
，该数值是基于所使用的蒸
馏水或软化水的。
由于水中使用了分散剂，
因而可知混合液的比重大于蒸馏水或
是软化水。
7.1.1
Both
soil
hydrometers
are
calibrated
at
6
8
℉
(2
0
℃
),
and
variations
in
temperature
from
this
standard
temperature
produce
inaccuracies
in
the
actual
hydrometer readings. The amount of the
inaccuracy increases as the variation from the
standard temperature increases.
7.1.1
两种土样比重计都校准在标准温度
68
℉（
20
℃）
，任何从标准温度的
偏离都会在比重计的读数上产生误差。误差会随着从标
准温度偏离的增大而增
加。
7.1.2 Hydrometers are
graduated by the manufacturer to be read at the
bottom of
the
meniscus
formed
by
the
liquid
on
the
stem.
Since
it
is
not
possible
to
secure
readings of soil
suspensions at the bottom of the meniscus,
readings must be taken at
the top and a
correction applied.
7.1.2
比重
计的读数在厂家出厂时设计为以半月型液面的最低点为准。由于
在实际操作过程中，
不可能准确得读得弯液面最低点得数值，
因而读取弯液面高
点得数值并校正。
7.1.3
The
net
amount
of
the
corrections
for
the
three
items
enumerated
is
designated as the composite correction,
and may be determined experimentally.
7.1.3
以上列举的三种情况的修正净值设计为综合修正值
，该修正值由试验
确定。
7.2 For convenience, a
graph or table of composite corrections for a
series of 1 0
temperature differences
for the range of expected test temperatures may be
prepared
and used as needed.
Measurement of the composite corrections may be
made at two
temperatures
spanning
the
range
of
expected
test
temperatures,
and
connections
for
the intermediate
temperatures calculated assuming a straight-line
relationship between
the two observed
values.
7.2
为方便使用，视实际需要，准备好以
曲线或表格形式表达基于预期的试
验温度每变动
1
℃的综合修正值。测定两温度点（一点温度大于预期试验温度，
一点小于预期
试验温度）
的综合修正值，
两测试温度中间的修正值以线性关系
求
得。
7.3
Prepare
1000
ml
of
liquid
composed
of
distilled
or
demineralized
water
and
dispersing
agent
in
the
same
proportion
as
will
prevail
in
the
sedimentation
(hydrometer)
test. Place the liquid in a sedimentation cylinder
and the cylinder in the
constant-
temperature water bath, set for one of the two
temperatures to be used. When
the
temperature
of
the
liquid
becomes
constant,
insert
the
hydrometer,
and,
after
a
short
interval to permit the hydrometer to come to the
temperature of the liquid, read
the
hydrometer at the top of the meniscus formed on
the stem. For hydrometer 151H
the
composite
correction
is
the
difference
between
this
reading
and
one;
for
hydrometer 152H it is
the difference between the reading and zero. Bring
the liquid
and
the
hydrometer
to
the
other
temperature
to
be
used,
and
secure
the
composite
correction as
before.
7.3
在沉降（比重计）测试前，准备
1000ml
由蒸馏水或是软化水与分散剂
组成的混合液。将混合液置于沉降圆柱筒中，
圆柱筒放入水温恒定的水槽中，
水
温设定为两测试温度中的一个。
当混合液的温度
保持恒定后插入比重计，
比重计
温度与混合液温度相同时读取比
重计液面高点的数值。对于
151H
型比重计，综
合修正值为读数值与
1
的差值；对于
152H
型比重计，综合修正值为读数值与
0
的差值。
将混合液和比重计取出放入另一测试温度中，
< br>按照前面的步骤取得综合
修正值。
8. Hydroscopic Moisture
吸湿
8.1
When the
sample is weighed for the hydrometer test, weigh
out an auxiliary
portion of from 10 to
15 g in
a small metal
or
glass
container, dry the
sample to
a
constant
mass
in
an
oven
at
230
±
9
℉
(110
±
5
℃
),
and
weigh
again.
Record
the
masses.
8.1
当为比重计
测试称取试样时，
另称取一份
10g
到
15g
的试样装入金属或
玻璃容器中，
将土样在
230
±
9
< br>℉（
115
±
5
℃）的烘箱中烘干至恒重，并称取干
土重。记录以上质量。
9. Dispersion of Soil
Sample
散开土样
9.1 When the soil is mostly
of the clay and silt sizes, weigh out a sample of
air-dry
soil
of
approximately
50
g.
When
the
soil
is
mostly
sand
the
sample
should
be
approximately 100 g.
9.1
当土样大多数为粘土和粉土粒径时，称取风干试样大约
50g
。当土样大
多数为砂土时，称取风干试样应大约
100g
。
9.2
Place
the
sample
in
the
250-mL
beaker
and
cover
with
125
mL
of
sodium
hexametaphosphate
solution (40 g/L). Stir until the soil is
thoroughly wetted. Allow to
soak for at
least 16 h.
9.2
将土样放入容量为
250ml
的烧杯中，
土样上面加
125ml
六偏磷酸钠溶液
（
40g/l
）
。搅拌直至土样完全浸湿。浸泡试样至少
16
小时。
93
At
the
end
of
the
soaking
period,
disperse
the
sample
further,
using
either
stirring apparatus A
or B. If stirring apparatus A is used, transfer
the soil-water slurry
from the beaker
into the special dispersion cup shown in Fig. 2,
washing any residue
from
the
beaker
into
the
cup
with
distilled
or
demineralized
water
(Note
9).
Add
distilled or demineralized water, if
necessary, so
that the cup is
more than half full.
Stir
for a period of 1 min.
9.3
在
浸泡的后期，用搅拌器
A
或搅拌器
B<
/p>
进一步分散土样。如果使用搅
拌器
A
，将试样浆液从烧杯中转移到特制的搅拌器中（如图
2
所示）
，用蒸馏水
或是软化水（注释
9
）清洗烧杯中的残渣并倒入搅拌器中。如果有必要，往搅拌
< br>器杯中加蒸馏水或是软化水，直到超过半杯。搅拌
1
分钟
。
Note
9
-A
large
size
syringe
is
a
convenient
device
for
handling
the
water
in
the
washing
operation.
Other
devices
include
the
wash-
water
bottle
and
a
hose
with
nozzle
connected
to
a
pressurized
distilled water tank.
注释
9
——在清洗烧杯的过程中，使用紫丁香能更由利于操作。其它的设备包括清洗液
瓶和一根带有喷嘴的连接到加压了的蒸馏水水箱的软管。
9.4 1f stirring
apparatus B (Fig. 3) is used, remove the cover cap
and connect the
cup to a compressed air
supply by means of a rubber hose. A air gage must
be on the
line between the cup and the
control valve. Open the control valve so that the
gage
indicates
1
psi
(7
kPa)
pressure
(Note
10).
Transfer
the
soil-water
slurry
from
the
beaker
to the air-jet dispersion cup by washing with
distilled or demineralized water.
Add
distilled or demineralized water, if necessary, so
that the total volume in the cup
is 250
mL, but no more.
9.4
如果使用搅拌器
B
（如图
3
所
示）
，摘去盖，用一软管将压缩空气和搅
拌器
< br>B
相连。一空气计量器安装在搅拌器
B
< br>和阀门之间的线路上。打开阀们使
计量器上显示压力值为
1psi
（
7kpa
）
（注释
10
）
。
将试样浆液从烧杯中转移至空气
喷射的搅拌器中，并将烧杯中的残渣用蒸馏水
或软化水清洗后倒入搅拌器杯中。
如果有必要，往搅拌器杯中加蒸馏水或是软化水，使杯
中溶液体积为
250ml
，但
不能多。
Note
10-The
initial
air
pressure
of
1
psi
is
required
to
prevent
the
soil-water
mixture
from
entering the air-jet
chamber when the mixture is transferred to the
dispersion cup
注释
10
——加起始压力
1psi
（
7kp
a
）是为了防止在转移混合液至振荡器中混合液进入
空气喷射室
。
9.5
Place
the
cover
cap
on
the
cup
and
open
the
air
control
valve
until
the
gage
pressure is 20 psi (140 kPa). Disperse
the soil according to the following schedule:
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