2020年7月10日全国II卷笔试部分试题分析

2021年2月10日发(作者：亨克)

2020

年

7

月

10

日全国

II< /p>

卷笔试部分试题分析

第二部分

阅读理解（共两节，满分

40

分）

篇目

A

B

C

D

七选五

主题语境

人与社会：介绍了四处湖区旅游景点的信息。

人与自我：

介绍了拼图游戏可以培养孩子的数学相关

技 能。

人与自然：

介绍了生态学家和时 装爱好者正试图重新

打开海狸鼠毛皮贸易市场。

人与自我：

介绍了作者与图书馆相关的经历，

展示作

者对图书馆的热爱。

人与自我：介绍 了表情符号在职场沟通中的积极作

用。

文体

应用文

说明文

说明文

记叙文

说明文

字数

288

252

338

346

296

第一节（共

< br>15

小题；每小题

2

分，满分< /p>

30

分）

阅读 下列短文，从每题所给的

A

、

B

、

C

和

D

< p>
四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

The Lake District Attractions Guide

Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens

History, Culture & Landscape

（景观）

. Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and

award

-

winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International

Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.

Open

: 29 Mar – 29 Oct, Sun to Thurs.

Tearoom, Gardens & Gift Shop:

10.30 – 17.00 (16.00 in Oct).

House:

11.15 – 16.00 (15.00 in Oct).

Town:

Pooley Bridge & Penrith

Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum

Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a

city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition

programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.

Open:

Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10.30 – 17.00 Summer. 10.30 – 16.00 Winter.

Town:

Kendal

Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery

Discover, explore and enjoy award

-

winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and

family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries to

visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there’s something for everyone!

Open:

High Season

1 Apr – 31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 17.00, Sun 11.00 – 17.00.

Low Season

1 Nov – 31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 16.30, Sun 12.00 – 16.30.

Town:

Carlisle

Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum

Discover William Wordsworth’s inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his

hillside

garden

and

explore

the

riches

of

the

collection

in

the

Museum.

Visit

the

shop

and

relax

in

the

cafe?.

Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.

Open:

Daily, 09.30 – 17.30 (last admission 17.00).

Town:

Grasmere

21. When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July?

A. 09.30 – 17.30.

B. 10.30 – 16.00.

C. 11.15 – 16.00.

D. 12.00 – 16.30.

22. What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum?

—

1

—

A. Enjoy Romney’s works.

B. Have some interactive fun.

C. Attend a famous festival.

D. Learn the history of a family.

23. Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth’s life?

A. Penrith.

B. Kendal.

C. Carlisle.

D. Grasmere.

【答案解析】

21. C

细节理解题。根据原文第一部分中的

“Open: 29 Mar – 29 Oct, Sun to Thurs.”

及

“House: 11.15 – 16.00

(15.00 in Oct).”

可知答案为< /p>

C

项。

22.

A

细节理解题。根据原文第二部分中的

“The

impressive

permanent

collection

includes

Turners

and

Romne ys”

可知，游客可以在

Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum

欣赏

Romney

的作品。

23.

D

细节理解题，根据原文第四部分中的

“Town:

< p>
Grasmere”

可知，在

Grasmere< /p>

的

Dove

Cottage

&

The

Wordsworth Museum

，游客可以了解

Wordsworth

< p>
的生活。

B

Some parents will buy any high

-

tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles

help children with math

-

related skills.

Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of

Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle

play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition

（认知）

after controlling for differences in parents’

income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.

The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child

-

parent pairs during everyday activities at home and

found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed

at 54 months of age.

“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their

ability to rotate

（旋转）

and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.

The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of the children

in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher

-

income parents tended to have children play with puzzles

more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended

to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were

more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls.

The findings were published in the journal

Developmental Science

.

24. In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?

A. Building confidence.

B. Developing spatial skills.

C. Learning self

-

control.

D. Gaining high

-

tech knowledge.

25. What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment?

A. Parents’ age.

B. Children’s imagination.

C. Parents’ education.

D. Child

-

parent relationship.

26. How do boys differ from girls in puzzle play?

A. They play with puzzles more often.

B. They tend to talk less during the game.

C. They prefer to use more spatial language.

D. They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.

27. What is the text mainly about?

A. A mathematical method.

B. A scientific study.

C. A woman psychologist.

D. A teaching program.

【答案解析】

24. B

细节理解题。根据原文第二段中的

“Psychologist Susan Levine...develop better spatial skills.”

可知，玩

拼图游戏可以培养孩子的空间技能。

25.

C

细节理解题。根据原文第二段中的

“Puzzle

play

was

found…in

parents’

income,

education

and

the

—

2

—

amount of parent talk.”

可知，

Levine

在设计实验时控制了父母在 收入、教育以及与孩子的谈话次数等方面

的差异。

26. D

细节理解题。

根据原文第 五段中的

“However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls”

可知，和女孩相比，男孩倾向于玩更复杂的拼图。

27. B

推理判断题。文章主要介绍了一项实验，该实验表 明拼图游戏可以培养孩子数学的相关技能，结合

最后一段可推知，这篇文章主要是关于科 学研究的。

C

When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably

didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion

（时装）

enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market

for fur made from nutria

（海狸鼠）

.

Unusual

fashion

shows

in

New

Orleans

and

Brooklyn

have

showcased

nutria

fur

made

into

clothes

in

different

styles.

“It

sounds

crazy

to

talk

about

guilt

-

free

fur

—

unless

you

understand

that

the

nutria

are

destroying vast wetlands every year,” says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.

Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $$5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up

in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.

Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild.

“The ecosystem down

there can’t handle this non

-

native species

（

物种）

. It’s destroying the environment. It’s them or us,” says Michael

Massimi, an expert in this field.

The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s,

the cat

-

sized animals multiplied like crazy.

Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy to convince

people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a

year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.

Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashions. Model Paige Morgan says, “To give people a guilt

-

free

option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them — I think that’s going to be a massive thing,

at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion

that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She’s trying to come up with a label to attach to

nutria fashions to show it is eco

-

friendly.

28. What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?

A. To promote guilt

-

free fur.

B. To expand the fashion market.

C. To introduce a new brand.

D. To celebrate a winter holiday.

29. Why are scientists concerned about nutria?

A. Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.

B. Nutria are an endangered species.

C. Nutria hurt local cat

-

sized animals.

D. Nutria are illegally hunted.

30. What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean?

A. Boomed.

B. Became mature.

C. Remained stable.

D. Crashed.

31. What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan?

A. It’s formal.

B. It’s risky.

C. It’s harmful.

D. It’s traditional.

【答案解析】

28. A

细节理解题。

根据原文第一段中的

“But some ecologists and fashion enthusiasts…fur made from nutria.”

以及第二段 内容可知，时装秀的目的是为了推广

“guilt

-

< p>
free fur”

。故选

A

项。

29.

A

细

节理< /p>

解题

。根据

原

文 第

四段

中

的

“ The

ecosystem

down

there

can’t

handle…destroying

the

environment.”

可知，科学家担忧的是海狸鼠破坏了当地的生态 环境。故选

A

项。

30. D

词义猜测题。

< p>
根据原文画线词所在句

“The fur trade kept nutria in check…multiplied crazy.”

可知，

毛皮

贸易使得海狸鼠的数量得到了控制，但是市场出现的变化使其数 量猛增，由此可推测，海狸鼠市场可能

经历了“衰退”或“重创”

。故选

D

项。

31. B

推理判断题。根据原文最后一段中的

“To give people a guilt

-

free option…at least here in New York.”

可

—

3

—

知，

Morgan

< br>认为在纽约穿皮草而不被人泼油漆是一件非比寻常的事，由此可推测，这在纽约是一件冒险

的事情。故选

B

项。

【语言知识】

语块：

1. cross one’s mind

掠过心头；出现在脑海

2. keep sth. in check

控制；制止

3. come up with

提出；想出

D

I

have

a

special

place

in

my

heart

for

libraries.

I

have

for

as

long

as

I

can

remember.

I

was

always

an

enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while

other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.

My

first

job

was

working

at

the

Ukiah

Library

when

I

was

16

years

old.

It

was

a

dream

job

and

I

did

everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.

As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I

had several children and books were our main source

（来源）

of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up

and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.

I always read, using different voices, as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it!

It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.

Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the

library lives on from generation to generation.

As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library

when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven

（避风港）

for readers and writers, a

bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy

（

盗版行为）

and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the

library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.

32. Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a child?

A. Cooperative.

B. Uneasy.

C. Inseparable.

D. Casual.

33. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A. Pleasure from working in the library.

B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.

C. Wonderment from acting out the stories.

D. A closer bond developed with the readers.

34. What does the author call on other writers to do?

A. Sponsor book fairs.

B. Write for social media.

C. Support libraries.

D. Purchase her novels.

35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Reading: A Source of Knowledge

B. My Idea about Writing

C. Library: A Haven for the Young

D. My Love of the Library

【答案解析】

32. C

推理判断题。根据原文第一段中的

“I was always an enthusiastic reader...air to me”

可知，作 者与书籍

有着不可分割的关系。所以答案选

C

< br>。

33.

B

词义指代题。根据画线处下文中的

“I

had

several

children

and

books

were

our

main

source

of

entertainment”

及第五段中的

“I

love...generation

to

generation”

可知，书籍是作者和其孩子们主要的娱乐来< /p>

源。由此可推测，原本作者从阅读中获得的乐趣传递到了作者的家庭中。所以答案选

B

。

34. C

细节理解题。根据原文最后一段中的

“I think all writers should support libraries”

可得知答案。

—

4

—

35. D

主旨大意题。

本文主要介绍了作者与图书馆相关的经历，

展示 作者对图书馆的热爱。

所以答案选

D

。

【语言知识】

熟词生义：

1. shelve

v.

搁置

2. frequent

v.

常去（某处）

语块：

1. take on

呈现

2. as though

仿佛

3. live on from generation to generation

代代相传

长难句：

It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or

books they wanted me to read to them.

译文：对我们来说，为自己储备许多书和去当地图 书馆是件大事，在那里我的孩子们可以挑选想读的书，

或者他们想让我读给他们听的书。

分析：

“It”

为形式主语，

“a big deal”

为表语，

“to load up and go to the local library”

为真正的主语；

“where my

kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them”

为非 限制性定语从句，修饰先行词

“library”

，其中

“they wanted me to read to them”

为定语从句，修饰先行词

“books”

。

< br>

四篇后

【命题特点总结】

阅读部分要求考生 读懂选自英语原版书籍、报纸、杂志、网络新闻等关于日常生活学习话题的短文

以及公告 、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。文体通常包括记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文等。

< br>

阅读理解第一节通常包括四篇阅读材料，重点考查考生从阅读材料中获取具体信 息的能力、理解主

旨意义的能力、推断归纳能力以及根据上下文推断词义的能力等。

第二节（共

5

小题；每小题

2

分，满分

10

分）

根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Emoji

（表情符号）

and Workplace Communication

In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and

play.

36

.

It’s

been

reported

that

76

percent

of

employees

in

some

western

countries

are

using

emojis

at

work.

Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping

intention clear.

37

, encouraging better and more frequent communication.

In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in

communication style can be a challenge.

38

. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually,

for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve

（曲线）

. The good

news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.

There is also the matter of tone

（语气）

. Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire

day?

39

. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an

encouraging smile.

40

, and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding

smiling

emojis

to

their

business

communication,

you’ll

know

you

have

succeeded

in

improving

your

work

culture.

A. Messages with emojis feel more conversational

B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly

C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange

D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally

E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly

—

5

—