-
英语六级题型
1.
主旨题（
Sum Up/Title
）
--
看文章每段第一句（抓大放小，找最重要的，
看每段的第一句）
，但是当文章的段落特别多时不适应。
24. Which of the
following can best sum up the passage?
A) Advantages and disadvantages of
automation.
B)
Labour
and the
effects of
automation
.
C) Unemployment benefit
plans and automation.
D)
Social benefits of automation.
注：文章三段第一句都出现
automation
，两段出现
labou
r
，因此这两个词是
重点，必然在选项中出现。
Automation
refers to the introduction of electronic control
and
automatic operation
of
productive machinery.
It reduces the
human
factors, mental and physical, in
production, and is designed to make
possible the manufacture of more goods
with fewer workers. The
development of
automation in American industry has been called
the
注：
refers to
指的是（对前面的词下定义）
Labour
's concern over
automation
arises from
uncertainty about the
effects on
employment, and fears of major changes in
jobs.
In the main,
labour
has taken the view that resistance to technical
change is unfruitful.
Eventually, the
result of automation may well be an increase in
employment, since it is expected that
vast industries will grow up around
manufacturing, maintaining, and
repairing automation equipment. The
interest of labour lies in bringing
about the transition with a minimum of
inconvenience and distress to the
workers involved. Also, union
spokesmen
emphasize that the benefit of the increased
production and
lower costs made
possible by automation should be shared by workers
in the form of higher wages, more
leisure, and improved living standards.
注：
labour
雇员（即
employee
）
concern [U]: (concern over/for/about
sth./sb.) worry, anxiety
To
protect the interests of their members in the era
of
automation,
unions have adopted a number of new
policies.
One of these is the
promotion of supplementary unemployment
benefit plans. It is
emphasized that
since the employer involved in such a plan has a
direct
financial interest in preventing
unemployment, he will have a strong
drive for planning new installations so
as to cause the least possible
problems
in jobs and job assignments. Some unions are
working for
dismissal pay agreements,
requiring that permanently dismissed workers
be paid a sum of money based on length
of service. Another approach is
the
idea of the
based on increases in
productivity. It is possible, however, that labour
will
rely mainly on reduction in
working hours in order to gain a full share in
the fruits of automation.