-
法律类相关词汇
&
术语
一．
律师相关词汇
（
page 1
–
page23
）
二．
民事法律术语
（
page 23 - page
48
）
三．
商事法律术语
（
page 49 -page60
）
四．
刑法总论
（
page61 -page79
）
五．
法院诉讼术语
（
page80
-page 84
）
一．律师部分相关术语
:
案件受理费
案情重大、复杂
案由
案子
包揽诉讼
被告
被上诉人
被诉人
本案律师
本地律师
毕业证
辩护词
辩护律师
辩护要点
辩护意见
court acceptance fee
important and complicated case
cause of action
case
monopolize lawsuits
defendant(
用于民事、行
政案件
);
appellate
respondent; defendant
counsel prosaic
vice
local
counsel
diploma; graduation certificate
defense; pleadings
defense lawyer
point of defense
submission
1
财产租赁
裁定书
裁决书
裁决书
采信的证据
草拟股权转让协议
property tenancy
·
order; ruling;
determination
award
（用于仲裁）
verdict
（用于陪审团）
admitted
evidence;
drafting
agreement of assignment of
equity
interests
查阅法条
产权转让
出差
出国深造
出具律师意见书
出示的证据
出庭
传票
答辩状
代理词
代理房地产买卖与转让
source legal provisions
convincing
go on errand; go on a
business trip
further study abroad
providing legal opinion
exhibit
appear in court
summons; subpoena
answer; reply
representation
agency for sale and transfer of real
estate
代理仲裁
代写文书
待决案件
当事人陈述
第三人
agency for
arbitration
drafting of
legal instruments
pending case
statement of the parties
third party
2
吊销执业证
调查笔录
调查取证
调解
调解书
二审案件
发送电子邮件
法律顾问
法律意见书
法律援助
法律咨询
法庭
法学博士学位
法学会
法学课程
法学硕士学位
法学系
法学学士学位
法学院
法院公告
反诉状
房地产律师
非合伙律师
非诉讼业务
revocation of lawyer license
investigative
record
investigation and gathering for
evidence
mediation
mediation
case of trial
of second instance
send e-mail
legal consultants
legal opinions
legal aid
legal counseling
division;
tribunal
LL.D
(Doctor of Laws)
law society
legal courses
LL.M (Master of Laws)
faculty of law; department
of law
LL.B
(Bachelor of Laws)
law
school
court
announcement
counterclaim
real estate lawyer; real property
lawyer
associate lawyer
non-litigation practice
3
高级合伙人
高级律师
各类协议和合同
公安局
公司上市
公诉案件
公证书
国办律师事务所
国际贸易
国际诉讼
国内诉讼
合伙律师
合伙制律师事务所
senior partner
senior lawyer
agreements and contracts
Public Security Bureau
company listing
public-prosecuting case
notaries
certificate
state-run law
office
international trade
international
litigation
domestic litigation
partner lawyer
law office in partner-ship; cooperating
law office
合同审查、草拟、修改
会见当事人
会见犯罪嫌疑人
兼职律师
监狱
鉴定结论
缴纳会费
举证责任
决定书
勘验笔录
contract
review, drafting and revision
interview a client
interview a
criminal suspect
part-time lawyer
prison; jail
expert conclusion
membership dues
burden of proof; onus probed
decision
record of request
4
看守所
抗诉书
控告人
跨国诉讼
劳动争议
劳动争议仲裁委员会
劳改场
利害关系人
律管处处长
律师
律师惩戒
律师法
律师费
律师函
律师见证
律师见证书
detention
house
protest
accuser; complainant
transnational
litigation
labor disputes
arbitration committee for
labor disputes
reform-through-labor farm; prison farm
interested
party; party in interest
director of lawyer control department
lawyer
attorney; attorney at law
lawyer discipline
Lawyer Law
lawyer fee
lawyer’s letter
lawyer attestation/authentication
lawyer
certification/authentication/witness
律师卷宗
律师刊物
律师联系电话
律师事务所
律师收费
律师网站
律师协会
lawyer’s docile; file
lawyer’s journal
contact phone number of a
lawyer
law office; law firm
billing by lawyer
lawyer website
National Bar (Lawyer)
Association
5
律师协会会员
律师协会秘书长
member of Lawyer
Association
secretary
general of Bar (Lawyer)
Association
律师协会章程
律师业务室
律师执业证
律师助理
律师资格考试
律师资格证
民事案件
民事调解
民事诉讼
派出所
判决
判决
判决
判决
旁证
企业章程
Articles of Lawyer Association
lawyer’s office
lawyer license
assistant lawyer
bar exam; lawyer
qualification exam
lawyer qualification certificate
civil case
civil mediation
civil
litigation
local police station; police substation
judgment(
用于民事、行政
案件
);
determinati
on(
用于终审
);
sentence(
用于刑事案
);
verdict(
由陪审团作出
)
circumstantial evidence
articles of association;
articles of
incorporation; bylaw
企业重组
起诉状
取消律师资格
全国律师代表大会
corporate restructure
information; indictment
disbar
National Lawyer Congress
6
缺席宣判
pronounce judgment or determination by
default
人民法院
人民检察院
认定事实
上诉案件
People’s Court
People’s
Procurator ate
determine facts
case of trial of second instance;
appellate
case
上诉人
上诉状
涉外律师
appellant
petition for appeal
lawyers
specially handling
foreign-related
matters
申请复议
申请加入律师协会
administrative
reconsideration petition
application for admission to Law
Association
申请人
申诉案件
申诉人（仲裁）
申诉书
实习律师
petitioner; claimant
appeal case
claimant; plaintiff
appeal for revision, petition for
revision
apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation
period
实习律师证
视听证据
适用法律
受害人
certificate
of apprentice lawyer
audio-visual reference material
apply law to
facts
victim
7
书证
司法部
司法建议书
司法局
司法局副局长
司法局局长
司法统一考试
送达
诉讼
诉讼当事人
诉讼业务
诉状
documentary evidence
Ministry of Justice
judicial advise
Judicial Bureau
deputy director of Judicial Bureau
director of
Judicial Bureau
uniform judicial exam
service of process
litigation;
action; lawsuit
litigation party; litigious party
litigation
practice
complaint; bill of
complaint; statement of
claim
查封
撤回上诉
撤诉
撤销立案
撤销原判，发回重审
seal up
withdraw appeal
withdraw a lawsuit
revoke a case placed on file
rescind the original
judgment and remand
the case or the
original court for retrial
出示的证据
除权判决
exhibit
invalidating judgment (for negotiable
instruments)
传唤
传闻证据
summon; call
hearsay
8
答辩
答辩陈述书
答辩状
大法官
大检察官
代理控告
代理申诉
代理审判员
代为申请取保候审
answer; reply
statement of defense
answer; reply
associate justices; justice
deputy chief procurator
agency for accusation
agency for
appeal
acting judge
agency for application of
the bail pending
trial with restricted
liberty of moving
弹劾式诉讼
当事人陈述
当庭宣判
accusatory procedure
statement of the parties
pronouncement of judgment or sentence
in court
地区管辖
地区检察分院
第三人
调查笔录
定期宣判
territorial jurisdiction
inter-
mediate
People’s
Procurator ate
third party
record of investigation
pronouncement of judgment
or sentence
later on a fixed date
定罪证据
incriminating evidence; inculcator
evidence
冻结
督促程序
freeze
procedure
of supervision and urge
9
独任庭
独任仲裁员
对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施
sole-judge bench
sole arbitrator
compulsory measures against impairment
of civil action
对席判决
二审
二审案件
罚款
法定证据
法定证据制度
法官
法警
法律文书
法律援助
法律咨询
法庭辩论
法庭调查
法庭审理笔录
法庭审理方式
法庭庭长
法院
法院公告
反诉
反诉答辩状
judgment inter parties
trial of second instance
case of trial of second insurance
impose a fine
statutory legal evidence
system of legal evidence
judges
bailiff; court police
legal
instruments/papers
legal
aid
legal
consulting
court debate
court investigation
court record
mode of court trial
chief judge of a tribunal
court
court announcement
counterclaim
answer with counterclaim
10
反诉状
犯罪嫌疑人
附带民事诉讼案件
附带民事诉讼被告
复查
复验
高级法官
高级检察官
高级人民法院
告诉案件
告诉才处理的案件
告诉申诉庭
工读学校
公安部
公安分局
公安厅
counterclaim
criminal suspect
a collateral civil action
defendant of collateral
civil action
reexamination; recheck
reinsert
senior judge
senior procurator
Higher People’s
Court
case of
complaint
case
accepted at complaint
complaint and petition division
work-study school for
delinquent children
Ministry of Public Security
public security sub-bureau
public security bureau at the levels of
provinces, autonomous regions and
cities
under direct jurisdiction of
central
government
公开审理
公开审判制度
公示催告程序
trial in public
open trial system
procedure of public summons
for
exhortation
公诉案件
public-prosecuting case
11
公诉词
公证机关
共同管辖
管辖
国际司法协助
海事法院
合议庭
合议庭评议笔录
statement of public prosecution
public notary office
concurrent jurisdiction
jurisdiction
international judicial
assistance
maritime court
collegial panel
record of deliberating by
the collegiate
bench
和解
核对诉讼当事人身份
恢复执行
回避
混合式诉讼
基层人民法院
羁押期限
级别管辖
composition; compromise
check identity of litigious
parties
resumption of
execution
withdrawal
mixed action
basic People’s Court
term in custody
subject matter jurisdiction of courts
at
different levels
监视居住
监狱
检察官
检察权
检察委员会
检察院
living at home under surveillance
prison
procurator
prosecutorial power
procuratorial/prosecutorial committee
procuratorate
12
检察院派出机构
简易程序
鉴定结论
经济审判庭
径行判决
outpost tribunal of procuratorate
summary
procedure
expert conclusion
economic tribunal
direct adjudication without sessions;
judgement without notice
纠问式诉讼
拘传
拘留所
举报
举证责任
决定书
军事法院
开庭审理
开庭通知
勘验笔录
看守所
可执行财产
控告式诉讼
控诉证据
控诉职能
扣押
扣押物
宽限期
inquisitional proceedings
summon by force; summon by
warrant
detention house
information/report of an offence
burden of
proof; onus probandi
decision
military procuratorate
open a court session
notice of court
session
record
of inquest
detention house
executable property
accusatory proceedings
incriminating evidence
accusation
function
distrain on;
attachment
distress/distraint
period of grace
13
劳动争议仲裁申请书
劳改场
劳教所
类推判决的核准程序
petition for labor dispute arbitration
reform-through-
labor farm
reeducation-through-labor office
procedure for
examination and approval
of analogical
sentence
累积证据
立案报告
立案管辖
立案决定书
立案侦查
利害关系人
临时裁决书
律师见证书
cumulative evidence
place a case on file
functional jurisdiction
written
decision of case-filing
report of placing a case on file
interested
party
interim
award
lawyer’s
written attestation; lawyer’s
written
authentication
律师事务所
律师提前介入
免于刑事处分
民事案件
民事审判庭
民事诉讼
民事诉讼法
扭送
派出法庭
派出所
law office; law firm
prior intervention by lawyer
exemption from criminal
penalty
civil
case
civil
tribunal
civil
action
Civil
Procedural Law
seize and
deliver a suspect to the police
detached tribunal
police station
14
判决
判决书
judgement; determination
judgement; determination; verdict
(
指陪
审团作出的
)
旁证
陪审员
批准逮捕
破案
circumstantial evidence
juror
approval of arrest
clear up a criminal case; solve a
criminal
case
破产
普通程序
普通管辖
企业法人破产还债程序
bankruptcy; insolvency
general/ordinary procedure
general jurisdiction
procedure of
bankruptcy and liquidation
of a
business corporation
起诉
起诉
filing of a
lawsuit
sue; litigate;
prosecute; institution of
proceedings
起诉状
区县检察院
取保候审
indictment; information
grassroots People’s
Procuratorate
the bail pending trial with restricted
liberty of moving
缺席判决
人民调解委员会
认定财产无主案件
default judgement
People’
s Mediation Committee
cases concerning
determination of
property as qwnerless
15
认
定公民无民事行为能力、
限制民事行
cases
concerning determination of a
为能力案件
citizen as
incompetent or with limited
disposing
capacity
上诉
上诉人
上诉状
少管所
社会治安综合治理
appeal
appellant
petition for appeal
juvenile prison
comprehensive
treatment of social
security
涉外案件
涉外民事诉讼
涉外刑事诉讼
申请人
申请书
申请执行人
申诉人宣誓书
申诉书
神示证据制度
神示制度
审查案件
审查并决定逮捕
审查起诉阶段
审理通知书
审判长
cases involving foreign interests
foreign civil
proceedings
foreign
criminal proceedings
applicant; petitioner
petition; application for arbitration
execution
applicant
claimant’s
affidavit of authenticity
appeal for revision; petition for
revision
system
of divinity evidence
ordeal system
case review
examine and decide arrest
stage of review and
prosecution
notice of hearing
presiding judge
16
审判长宣布开庭
审判管辖
审判监督程序
审判委员会
审判员
审问式诉讼
生效判决裁定
胜诉方
省市自治区检察院
失踪和死亡宣告
实（质）体证据
实物证据
实在证据
示意证据
视听证据
收容所
首席大法官
首席检察官
受害人的近亲属
受理
受理刑事案件审批表
presiding judge announce court in
session
adjudgement/trial jurisdiction
procedure for trial
supervision
judicial committee
judge
inquisitional proceedings
legally effective
judgement/order
winning party
higher People’s Procuratorate
declaration of
disappearance and death
substantial evidence
tangible evidence
real evidence
demonstrative evidence
audio-visual evidence
collecting
post; safe retreat
chief
justice
chief procurator
victim’s
immediate family
acceptance
registration form of
acceptance of
criminal case
受送达人
书记员
the addressee
court clerk
17
书记员宣读法庭纪律
书证
司法部
司法机关
司法警察
司法局
司法厅
court clerk reads court rules
documentary evidence
Ministry of
Justice
judicial
organizatons
judicial
police
judicial bureau
judicial bureau at the
levels of provinces,
autonomous
regions, and cities under
direct
jurisdiction of central government
司法协助
死缓的复核
judicial assistance
judicial review of death sentence with
a
retrieve
死刑复核程序
procedure for judicial review of death
sentence
死刑复核权
competence for judicial review of death
sentence
送达
送达传票
送达诉状
搜查
诉
诉前财产保全
诉讼
诉讼保全
service of process
service of summons/subpoena
service of bill of
complaint
search
sue; suit;
action; lawsuit
property attachment prior to lawsuit
litigation;
lawsuit; sue; action
attachment
18
诉讼参加人
诉讼代理人
诉状
litigious participants
agent ad litem
complaint; bill of complaint; state of
claim
特别程序
提起公诉
铁路法院
铁路检察院
庭审程序
通缉
投案
退回补充侦查
special procedures
institute a public prosecution
railway court
railroad transport
procuratorate
procedure of
court trial
wanted for
arrest
appearance
return of a case for
supplementary
investigation
委托辩护
未成年人法庭
无行政职务的法官
无正当理由拒不到庭
entrusted defense
juvenile court
associate judge
refuse to appear in court without due
cause
无罪判决
物证
先予执行申请书
先予执行
刑事案件
刑事拘留
acquittal, finding of “ not guilty ”
material evidence
application for
advanced execution
advanced
execution
criminal case
criminal detention
19
刑事强制拘留
刑事审判庭
刑事诉讼
刑事诉讼法
刑事自诉状
行政案件
行政审判庭
行政诉讼
行政诉讼法
宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件
criminal
coercive/compulsory measures
criminal tribunal
criminal
proceedings
Criminal Procedural Law
self-incriminating criminal
complaint
administrative case
administrative tribunal
administrative proceedings
Administrative Procedural
Law
cases concerning the
declaration of
disappearance and death
宣判笔录
选民资格案件
询问证人
训诫
讯问笔录
询问犯罪嫌疑人
言词证据
要求传唤证人申请书
一裁终局
record of rendition of judgement
cases
concerning qualifications of voters
inquire/question a witness
reprimand
record of interrogation
interrogate criminal
suspect
verbal
evidence
application for subpoena
arbitration award shall be
final and
binding
一审
一审案件
应诉通知书
trial of
first instance
case of trial of first instance
notice of
respondence to action
20
有罪判决
予审
原告
院长
阅卷笔录
再审案件
再审申请书
责令具结悔过
债权人会议
侦查阶段
侦查终结
征询原、被告最后意见
sentence; finding of “guilty”
preliminary
examinantion; pretrial
plaintiff
court
president
record of file review (by lawyers)
case of retrial
petition for retrial
order to sign a
statement of repentance
creditors’ meeting
investigation stage
conclusion of
investigation
consulting final opinion of the
plaintiff
and defendant
证据
证据保全
证据保全申请书
证人证言
支付令
知识产权庭
执行程序
执行逮捕
执行和解
执行回转
执行庭
evidence
preserve evidence
application for
evidence preservation
testimony of witness; affidavit
payment
order/warrant
intellectual
property tribunal
procedure
execution
execution of
arrest
conciliation of
execution
recovery of execution
executive tribunal
21
执行异议
执行员
执行中止
执行终结
指定辩护
指定仲裁员声明
中级人民法院
中途退庭
objection to execution
executor
discontinuance of execution
conclusion of execution
appointed defense
statement of appointing
arbitrator
intermediate
People’s Court
retreat
during court session without
permission
仲裁
仲裁被诉人
仲裁裁决
仲裁申请书
仲裁申诉人
仲裁庭
仲裁委员会
仲裁协议
arbitration
respondent; defendant
award
arbitration
claimant; plaintiff
arbitration tribunal
arbitration committee
arbitration agreement;
clauses of
arbitration
仲裁员
主诉检察官
助理检察官
助理审判员
专门法院
专门管辖
arbitrator
principal procurator
assistant procurator
assistant judge
special court
specific jurisdiction
22
专属管辖
追究刑事责任
自首
自诉案件
自行辩护
自由心证制度
exclusive jurisdiction
investigate for criminal
responsibility
confession
to justice
private-prosecuting case
self-defense
doctrine of discretional
evaluation of
evidence
自侦案件
最高人民法院
最高人民检察院
最后裁决书
self-investigating case
the Supreme People’s Court
the Supreme People’s
Procuratorate
final award
二，
民事法律
法律渊源
制定法
判例法
普通法
特别法
固有法
继受法
实体法
程序法
原则法
例外法
source of law
statute
case
law; precedent
common law
special law
native law;
indigenous law
adopted law
substantial law
procedural law
fundamental law
exception law
23
司法解释
习惯法
公序良俗
自然法
罗马法
私法
公法
市民法
万民法
民法法系
英美法系
大陆法系
普通法
大陆法
罗马法系
英吉利法
衡平法
日尔曼法
教会法
寺院法
伊斯兰法
民法法律规范
授权规范
禁止规范
judicial interpretation
customary law
public order and moral
natural law
Roman Law
private law
public law
jus civile
jus gentium
civil law system
system of Anglo-American law
civil law system
common law
continental law
Roman law system
English law
equity; law of equity
Germantic law
ecclesiastical law
canon law
Islamic law
norm of civil law
authorization norm
forbidding norm
24
义务性规范
命令性规范
民法基本原则
平等原则
自愿原则
公平原则
等价有偿原则
诚实信用原则
行为
作为
不作为
合法行为
违法行为
民事权利权利能力
绝对权
相对权
优先权
先买权
原权
救济权
支配权
请求权
物上请求权
形成权
obligatory norm
commanding norm
fundamental principles of civil law
principle of
equality
principle of free will
principle of justice
principle of equal value
exchange
principle of good faith
act
act
omission
lawful act
unlawful act
civil right
absolute right
relative right
right of priority
preemption
antecedent right
right of relief
right of
dominion
right
of claim
right
of claim for real thing
right of formation
25
撤销权
否认权
解除权
代位权
选择权
承认权
终止权
抗辩权
一时性抗辩权
永久性抗辩权
不安抗辩权
同时履行抗辩权
right of
claiming cancellation
right of claiming cancellation
right of
renouncement
subrogated right
right of choice
right of admission
right of
termination
right of
defense
momentary right of defense
permanent counter-argument right
unstable counter-argument
right
defense
right of simultaneous
performance
既得权
期待权
专属权
非专属权
人身权利
人权
人格权
生命健康权
姓名权
名称权
肖像权
tested right
expectant right
exclusive right
non-exclusive right
personal right
human right
right of personality
right of life and health
right of name
right of name
right of portraiture
26
自由权
名誉权
隐私权
私生活秘密权
贞操权
身份权
亲权
亲属权
探视权
配偶权
荣誉权
权利的保护
公力救济
私力救济
权利本位
社会本位
无责任行为
正当防卫
防卫行为
自为行为
紧急避险
自助行为
不可抗力
意外事件
right of freedom
right reputation
right of privacy
right of
privacy
virginity right
right of status
parental power; parental
right
right of relative
visitation
right
right of
spouse
right of
honor
protection of right
public
protection
self-protection
standard of right
standard of society
irresponsible right
justifiable
right; ligitimate defence
act of defence
self-conducting act
act of rescue; necessity
act of self-help
force majeure
accident
27
行为能力
意思能力
民事行为
意思表示
意思表示一致
完全行为能力
限制行为能力
准禁治产人
保佐
自治产人
capacity for
act
capacity of
will
civil act
declaration of
intention
meeting of minds; consensus
perfect capacity for act
restrictive
capacity for act
quasi-interdicted person
protection
minor who is capable of
administering his own capacity
无行为能力
禁治产人
自然人
公民
住所
居所
经常居住地
户籍
监护
个体工商户
农村承包经营户
合伙
合伙人
incapacity for
act
interdicted
person
natural person
citizen
domicile
residence
frequently dwelling place
census register
guardianship
individual business
leaseholding rural
household
partnership
partner
28
合伙协议
合伙财产
合伙债务
入伙
退伙
合伙企业
个人合伙
法人合伙
特别合伙
普通合伙
有限合伙
民事合伙
隐名合伙
partnership agreement
property of partnership
debt of
partnership
join
partnership
withdrawal from
partnership
partnership
business establishment
partnership
partnership of legal person
special partnership
general partnership
limited
partnership
civil partnership
sleeping partnership;
dormant
partnership
私营企业
法人
企业法人
企业集团
关联企业
个人独资企业
国有独资企业
中外合资企业
中外合作企业
社团法人
private enterprise; proprietorship
legal person
legal body of
enterprise
group of enterprise
affiliate enterprise
individual business establishment
solely state-owned
enterprise
Sino-foreign
joint venture enterprise
Sino-foreign contractual enterprise
legal body of
mass organization
29
财团法人
联营
法人型联营
合伙型联营
legal body of financial group
joint venture
association of legal persons
coordinated
management in
partnership
协作型联营
cooperation-type coordinated
management
合作社
民事法律行为
单方民事法律行为
双方民事法律行为
多方民事法律行为
有偿民事法律行为
无偿民事法律行为
cooperative
civil legal act
unilateral civil legal act
bilateral civil legal act
joint act civil
legal act
civil
legal act with consideration
civil legal act without
consideration; civil legal act without
award
实践性民事法律行为
诺成性民事法律行为
要式民事法律行为
不要式民事法律行为
要因民事法律行为
不要因民事法律行为
主民事法律行为
从民事法律行为
practical civil legal act
consental civil
legal act
formal civil
legal act
informal civil legal act
causative civil legal act
noncausative civil legal
act
principal civil legal
act
accessory civil legal
act
30
附条件民事法律行为
附期限民事法律行为
生前民事法律行为
死后民事法律行为
准民事法律行为
无效行为
可撤销民事行为
违法行为
侵权行为
欺诈
胁迫
乘人之危
conditional civil legal act
civil legal act
with term
civil
legal act before death
civil legal act after death
quasi-civil legal act
ineffective act
revocable civil
act
illegal
act; unlawful act
tort
fraud
duress
taking advantage of others’
precarious position
以合法形式掩盖非法目的
legal form concealing illegal
intention
恶意串通
重大误解
显失公平
误传
代理
本人
被代理
受托人
代理人
malicious collaboration
gross misunderstanding
obvious unjust
misrepresentation
agency
principal
人
principal
trustee
agent
31
本代理人
法定代理人
委托代理人
指定代理人
复代理人
再代理人
转代理人
代理权
授权行为
授权委托书
代理行为
委托代理
本代理
复代理
次代理
有权代理
表见代理
original agent
statutory agent; legal agent
agent by mandate
designated agent
subagent
subagent
subagent
right of agency
act of
authorization
power of attorney
act of agency
agency by mandate
original agency
subagency
subagency
authorized agency
agency by estoppel; apparent
agency
律师代理
普通代理
全权代理
全权代理委托书
共同代理
独家代理
agency by lawyer
general agency
general agency
general power of attorney
joint agency
sole agency
32
居间
居间人
行纪
信托
时效
时效中止
brokerage
broker
commission; broker house
trust
time limit; prescription;
limitation
suspension of
prescription/limitation
时效中断
interruption of
limitation/prescription
时效延长
取得时效
时效终止
extension of
limitation
acquisitive prescription
lapse of time; termination
of
prescription
期日
期间
涉外民事关系
date
term
civil relations
with foreign
elements
冲突规范
准据法
反致
转致
识别
公共秩序保留
法律规避
rule of conflict
applicable law; governing law
renvoi; remission
transmission
identification
reserve of
public order
evasion of law
33
国籍
国有化
法律责任
民事责任
行政责任
nationality
nationalization
legal liability
civil liability/responsibility
administrative
liability/responsibility
刑事责任
违约责任
criminal liability/responsibility
liability of
breach of contract;
responsibility of
default
有限责任
无限责任
按份责任
连带责任
过失责任
limited liability
unlimited liability
shared/several
liability
joint
and several liability
liability for negligence; negligent
liability
过错责任
单独过错
共同过错
混合过错
被害人过错
第三人过错
推定过错
恶意
故意
fault liability; liability for fault
sole fault
joint fault
mixed fault
victim’s fault
third party’s fault
presumptive fault
bad faith;
malice
deliberate intention; intention;
34
willfulness
过失
重大过失
疏忽大意的过失
过于自信的过失
损害事实
有形损失
无形损失
财产损失
人身损失
精神损失
民事责任承担方式
停止侵害
排除妨碍
negligence
gross negligence
careless and inadvertent negligence
negligence with
undue assumption
facts of damage
tangible damage/loss
intangible damage/loss
property
damage/loss
personal
damage/loss
spiritual
damage/loss
methods of
bearing civil liability
cease the infringing act
exclusion of hindrance; removal of
obstacle
消除危险
返还财产
恢复原状
elimination of danger
restitution of property
restitution;
restitution of original
state
赔偿损失
compensate for a loss; indemnify
for a loss
支付违约金
消除影响
恢复名誉
payment of
liquidated damage
eliminate ill effects
rehabilitate one’s
reputation
35
赔礼道歉
物权
物权制度
extend a formal apology
jus ad rem; right in rem; real right
real right
system; right in rem
system
一物一权原则
the principal of One thing, One
Right
物权法定主义
物权公示原则
principal
of legality of right in rem
principal of public summons
of
right in rem
物权法
物
生产资料
生活资料
jus rerem
property
raw material for production
means of livelihood; means
of
subsistence
流通物
res in commercium; a thing in
commerce
限制流通物
禁止流通物
limited merchantable thing
res extra commercium; a
thing out
of commerce
资产
固定资产
流动资产
动产
不动产
asset
fixed asset
current asset;
floating asset
movables;
chattel
immovable; real estate
36
特定物
种类物
可分物
不可分物
主物
从物
原物
孳息
天然孳息
法定孳息
无主物
res certae; a certain thing
genus; indefinite thing
res
divisibiles; divisible things
res indivisibiles;
indivisible things
res capitalis; a principal thing
res accessoria; an
accessory thing
original thing
fruits
natural fruits
legal fruits
bona vacatia; vacant goods;
ownerless goods
遗失物
漂流物
埋藏物
货币
证券
债券
物权分类
lost property
drifting object
fortuna; hidden property
currency
securities
bond
classification of right in
rem/real
right
自物权
jus in re propria; right of full
ownership
所有权
所有权凭证
dominium;
ownership; title
document of title; title of
37
ownership
占有权
dominium utile; equitable
ownership
使用权
收益权
处分权
善意占有
恶意占有
按份共有
共同共有
他物权
用益物权
使用权
土地使用权
林权
采矿权
经营权
right of use; right to use of
right to earnings; right to
yields
right of disposing;
jus dispodendi
possession
in good faith
malicious possession
several possession
joint possession
jus in re
aliena
real
right for usufruct
right to use; right of use
right to the use of land
forest ownership
mining
ownership
managerial
authority; power of
management
承包经营权
相邻权
地上权
永佃权
right to contracted management
neighboring right;
relatedright
superficies
jus
emphyteuticum; right to landed
estate
granted in perpetuity through
a
contract
38
地役权
人役权
servitude; easement
servitus personarum; personal
servitude
担保物权
物的担保
物的瑕疵担保
抵押权
real right for security
security for thing
warranty
against defect of a thing
hypotheca; hypothecation; right to
mortgage
抵押权的设定
抵押人
抵押权人
抵押标的物
抵押权的效力
抵押权的次序
抵押权的抛弃
抵押权的让与
抵押权的实现
creation of right to mortgage
mortgagor
mortgagee
collateral; estate under mortgage
deffect of right to
mortgage
sequence of right
to mortgage
abandonment of right to mortgage
alienation of right to
mortgage
materialization of right to
mortgage
抵押权的消灭
extinction of right to
mortgageregistration of estate under
mortgage
抵押物登记
registration of estate under
mortgage
抵押优先权
留置权
priority of mortgage
lien
39
一般留置权
特别留置权
质权
general lien
special lien
hypotheque;
pledge; right of
pledge
佃权
债权
tenant right
jus in personam; right to
give or
procure; claim; creditor’s
right
债权人
债务人
相对人
给付
债务
债务的偿还
债务的偿清
债务的担保
债务的合并
债务的给付日期
债务的免除
债的分类
法定之债
任意之债
简单之债
选择之债
主债
creditor
debtor
counterpart;
offeree
give; pay
debt; liability; obligation
payment of debt
discharge of debt
guarantee of
debt
consolidation of debt
debt maturity
exemption of debt
obligatio; obligation
legal
obligation
voluntary obligation
simple obligation
alternative
obligation
prime/principal
obligation
40
从债
单一之债
按份之债
连带之债
特定之债
种类之债
合同之债
侵权行为之债
损害赔偿之债
accessory obligation
single obligation
several obligation
joint obligation
certain obligation
indefinite obligation
contractual obligation
tort obligation
obligation of compensation
for
injury; obligation of damages
人身损害
精神损害
医药费
医疗费
抚恤金
慰问金
产品瑕疵
不当得利
无因管理
债的担保
财产担保
信用担保
让与担保
保证
damage to person
moral/mental/spiritual damage
hospital treatment expense
medical charge
pension
consolation money
defect of
product
unjust
enrichment
voluntary
service
guarantee of obligation
property guarantee
credit guarantee
alienation guarantee
guaranty
41
明示保证
默示保证
保证人
保证合同
保证金
押金
预付款
定金
违约金
法定违约金
约定违约金
债的履行
实际履行原则
情事变更原则
express
guaranty
implied guaranty
guarantor
contract of
guaranty/suretyship
guaranty bond; security deposit
deposit; foregift
advanced
payment
earnest
money; deposit
liquidated damages
liquidated damages by law
liquidated
damages by agreement
performance of obligation
doctrine of specific
performance
doctrine of change of
circumstances
不当履行
清偿
提存
misfeasance
discharge; satisfaction
debtor’s submission of the subject
matter of obligation to competent
authority
抵销
知识产权
知识产权国际保护
setoff
intellectual property
international protection of
intellectual property
42