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[
整理版
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心血管内科
常用英文
心血管内科常用英文
Symptoms
症状
chest distress
胸闷
dyspnoea
呼吸困难
:paro
xysmal nocturnal dyspnea, orthopnea
breathlessness
气促
a poor effort tolerance
cough
咳嗽
palpitation
心悸
precordial chest
pain
心前区胸痛
retrosternally chest pain
胸骨后胸痛
precipitation by exertion, promptly
relief by rest or sublingual
nitrate
a sense of oppression or tightness in
the chest - like a band around
the
chest
patients may close a hand around
the throat ,put a hand or clenched
fist
on the
sternum
may radiate
to the neck or jar, accompanied by discomfort in
the
arms(referred
pain)
occasionally epigastric or
interscapular
上腹部的
/
肩胛间的
sense of impending
death
濒死感
autonomic disturbance including
sweating, nausea, vomiting
Signs
体征
Vital signs
生命体征
blood
pressure (systolic/diastolic, pulse pressure
脉
压
):hypertension/hypote
nsion
pulse rate
脉律
: regular/irregular
dropped beat
脉搏短绌
respitatory rate :
tachypnea
呼吸急促
/ respiration
ceases
呼吸停止
temperature: fever /clammy peripheries
四肢湿冷
cyanosis
发绀
loss of consc
iousness
，
unconsciousness
意识丧失
tic of
limbs
四肢抽搐
gatism
，
urinary
and fecal incontinence
大小便失禁
cardiac apex (4/5th ICS-MCL or
displaced laterally)
心尖
palpable lift
thrill
震颤
cardiac
dilatation
心脏扩大
large right atrium
右房大
dilated left
ventricle
左室大
beats per minute ,bpm (heart rate)
心率
: tachycardia/bradycardia,
regular/irregular rhythm
heart sounds: S1,S2,S3,S4
gallop
奔马律
,
systolic click
收缩期卡嗒音
,
opening snap(
二尖瓣
)
开瓣
音
,
pericardial
knock
心包叩击音
heart murmur
心脏杂音
systolic/diastolic/continous grade 1-5
crescendo/decrescendo
递增
/
递减
radiation
location
pitch
音调
quality
性质
pericardial friction
rub
，
pericardial
rub
心包摩擦音
inspiratory
crepitations over the lung bases, basal
crackles
肺底湿啰音
wheezing
rale
哮鸣音
cardiomegaly
心脏肥大
elevated venous pressure distention of
jugular vein
，
jugular
filling
，
jugular v
aricosity
颈静脉怒张
/
充盈
hepatojugular reflux
sign
肝颈静脉回流征
ascites
腹水
edema of lower
extremity
下肢水肿
Hypertensive
disease
高血压病
sphygmomanometer;blood pressure gauge
，
BPG
血压计
stethoscope
听诊器
hypertension
primary
hypertension
secondary hypertension
chronic kidney disease, CKD drugs:
non-
steroid anti-inflammatory drug
，
NSAID
非甾体类抗炎药
glucocorticosteroids
糖皮质激素
mineral corticoid
< br>，
MCH
盐皮质激素
oral
contraceptives
口服避孕药
adrenomimetic
拟肾上腺素药
monoamine oxidase
inhibitor
单胺氧化酶抑制剂
tricyclic
antidepressant;TCA
三环类抗抑郁药
immunodepressant
免疫
抑制剂
(
如
ciclosporin<
/p>
环孢素
)
erythropoietin
，
EPO
促红细胞生成素
hyperthyrea, hyperthyroidism,
hyperthyrosis
甲状腺功能亢进
primary
hyperaldosteronism
原发性醛固酮增多症<
/p>
adrenal cortical hyperplasia
肾上腺
皮质增生症
chromaffin-cell tumor
，
chromaffinom
，
medullosup
rarenoma
，
phaeoch
romocytoma
，
PCC
嗜铬细
胞瘤
sleep apnea
syndrome
睡眠呼吸暂停综合征
diabetes
mellitus
糖尿病
coarctation of aorta
，
COA
主动脉缩窄
white coat hypertension isolated
systolic hypertension
单纯收缩期高
血压
hypertensive emergencies
高血压急症
hypertensive urgencies
高血压亚急症
hypertensive crisis
高血压危象
hypertensive encephalopathy
高血压性脑病
The
coronary circulation left anterior descending
artery,LAD left
circumflex coronary
artery, LCX
right coronary artery, RCA
Coronary artery disease;coronary heart
disease
，
CAD,CHD
冠心
病
atherosclerosis
动脉粥样硬化
atheromatous plaques
动脉粥样斑块
plaque
rupture
斑块破裂
angina pectoris
心绞痛
stable
angina pectoris
稳定性心绞痛
variant angina pectoris
变异性心绞痛
silent
myocardial ischemia
无症状心肌缺血
(latent coronary
heart
disease
隐匿性冠心病
)
myocardial bridging
心肌桥
post-
infarction angina pectoris
梗死后心绞痛
acute
coronary syndrome
，
ACS
急性冠脉综合征
unstable
angina pectoris ,UAP
不稳定心绞痛
rest
静息型
,
new/initial
初发型，
accelerated
恶化型
acute myocardial
infarction ,AMI
急性心肌梗死
non-ST
segment elevation MI, NSTEMI
ST
segment elevation MI
，
STEMI
sudden cardiac death, SCD
心脏性猝死
dysfunction/rupture of papillary muscle
乳头肌功能不全
/
断裂
rupture
of chordae
tendineae
腱索断裂
rupture of the heart ,cardiac
rupture
心脏破裂
embolism
栓塞
(syste
mic
体循环的
)
cardiac
aneurysm
心脏室壁瘤
postinfarction syndrome
心肌梗死后综合征
Four
chambers: left/right atrium/ventricle
心房
/
心室
(atrial
心房
的
,ventricular
心室的
)
atrial
septum
房间隔
interventricular
septum
室间隔
Cardiac
insufficiency
心功能不全，
heart
failure
心衰
compensated/overt heart failure
代偿性
/
显性心衰
congestive heart failure
充血性心力衰竭
acute/chronic left-sided heart failure
急
/
慢性左心衰竭
intractable
heart
failure
难治性心衰
systolic/diastolic insufficiency heart
failure
收缩
/
舒张功能不全的
心
衰
The
electrical conduction system
sinoatrial node
His bundle
right and left bundles
left
anterior and posterior hemibundles Purkinje
network
Arrhythmia
心律失常
triggered
activity
触发活动
re-entry
折返
afterdepolarization
后除极
sinus
bradycardia/ tachycardia
窦性心动过缓
/
心动过速
sinus
pause (sinus arrest)
窦性停搏
(
窦性静止
)
sinoatrial
block (Wenckebach
文氏，
Mobitz<
/p>
莫氏
)
sick sinus
syndrome(SSS)
病态窦房结综合征
:bradycardia-
tachycardia
syndrome
atrial premature beats
房性期前收缩
atrial
tachycardia(automatic, reentrant,chaotic) (
自律性，折返性，紊
乱性
)
房
性心动过速
atrial flutter, AFL
atrial fibrillation ,AF
premature atrioventricular junctional
beats
房室交界性期前收缩
AV
junctional escape beats
逸搏
paroxysmal
supraventricular
tachycardia,PSVT
阵发性室上性心动过速
atrioventricular nodal reentrant
tachycardia, AVNRT
atrioventricular
reentrant tachycardia, AVRT
preexcitation syndrome (Wolff-
Parkinson-White syndrome)
premature
ventricular beat
ventricular
tachycardia
，
VT
(multiforme
多形性，
multifocal
多源性
)
accelerated
idioventricular rhythm
加速性室性自主节律
torsades de pointes
,TDP
尖端扭转
ventricular flutter
ventricular fibrillation
atrioventricular block, AVB
Adame-Strokes syndrome
阿
-
斯综合征
intraventricular block
left
bundle branch block, LBBB left anterior fascicular
block, LAFB
left posterior fascicular
block, LPFB right bundle branch block, RBBB
bifascicular block
双分支传导阻滞
trifascicular block
三分支传导阻滞
Valvular
disease of the heart
，
VDH,
valvular heart disease
心脏瓣膜病
mitral/tricuspid/aortic/pulmonary valve
disease
二尖瓣
/
三尖瓣
/
主动脉瓣
/
肺动
脉瓣疾病
acute/chronic mitral
stenosis/incompetence/ insufficiency
狭窄
/
关闭
不全
rheumatic fever
风湿热
rheumatic carditis
风湿性心脏炎
Infective
endocarditis ,IE
感染性心内膜炎
acute/ subacute, native/prothetic/right
heart IE
自体瓣膜
/
人工瓣
膜
clinical/fever
thermometer
体温计
Cardiomyopathy
心肌病
dilated
cardiomyopathy, DCM hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,
HCM
(asymmetric septal
非对称性室间隔肥厚
) restrictive
cardiomyopathy, RCM
arrhythmogenic
right ventricular cardiomyopathy ,ARVC
致心律失常性右室心
肌病
speciflc cardiomyopathy
特异性心肌病
ischemic
cardiomyopathy
缺血性心肌病
diabetic cardiomyopathy
糖尿病性心肌病
alcoholic cardiomyopathy
酒精性心肌病
peripartum cardiomyopathy
围生期心肌病
cardiac
amyloidosis
心脏淀粉样变性
drug-induced cardiomyopathy
药物性心肌病
Keshan
disease
克山病，
endemic
cardiomyopathy
地方性心肌病
unclassified cardiomyopathy
未分类心肌病
pericardium
心包
cardiopericarditis
，
cardipericarditis
，
pericardit
is
心包炎
hydroperica
rdium
，
pericardial
effusion
，
pericardial
fluid
心包积液
constrictive
pericarditis
缩窄性心包炎
Congenital heart/cardiovascular disease
先天性心脏病
/
心血管病，
CHD
atrial septal defect ASD
ventricular septal defect,VSD patent ductus
ateriosus, PDA tetralogy of fallot, TOF
Eisenmenger’s syndrome
coarctation of the aorta pulmonic
stenosis
肺动脉狭窄
primary pulmonary hypertension
dextrocardia
右位心
complete transposition of the great
vessels
完全性大血管错位
Disease of blood
vessel
，
vascular disease
，
angiopathy
血管疾病
aortic
dissection
主动脉夹层
primary arteritis or the aorta and its
main branches
多发性大动脉炎
peripheral arteriosclerosis obliterans
闭塞性周围动脉硬化
thromboangitis obliterans (Buerger
disease)
闭塞性血栓性脉管炎
(Buerger
病
)
thrombophlebitis
血栓性静脉炎
superficial thrombophlebitis
血栓性浅静脉炎
deep
venous thrombosis
深静脉血栓形成
superior vena cava obstruction syndrome
上腔静脉阻塞综合征
Cardiac arrest
心脏骤停
cardiogenic
shock
心源性休克
syncope
晕厥
vasovagal syncope, VVS
血管迷走性晕厥
postural
hypotension
体位性低血压
Cardiogenic
syncope
心源性晕厥
transient ischemic attack, TIA
短暂性缺血发作
syndrome
X X
综合征
cardiac
neurosis
心脏神经官能症
Tests
常用检查
electrolyte disturbance: hypokalaemia,
hyponatraemia,
hypomagnesaemia,
hyperkalaemia
aterial blood
gas analysis: acidosis /alkalosis
碱中毒
(metabolic
代谢
性，
respiratory
呼吸性
)
hyperlipoidemia
高脂血症
:hyp
ertriglyceridemia
高甘油三酯血症
triglyceride
甘油三酯
hypercholesterolemia
高胆固醇血症
cholesterol
胆固醇
plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
concentration
lipoprotein(a), LP
脂蛋白
Apo,
apopoprotein
载脂蛋白
enzymogram/zymogram of the cardiac
muscle
心肌酶谱
CK-
MB , MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase
心肌型肌酸激酶同功酶
AST,
aspartate
aminotransferase
天冬氨酸转氨酶
LDH, lactate dehydrogenase
乳酸脱氢酶
myohemoglobin
肌红蛋白
troponin T
and I
肌钙蛋白
brain
natriuretic peptide,BNP
脑钠肽
blood culture
chest
radiograph:cardiothoracic ration < 0.5
electrocardiography,
ECG
心电图
standard
12-lead ECG (limb leads, chest leads)
exercise/stress ECG
负荷心电图
Holter ECG
monitoring, ambulatory ECG
动态心电图
T wave
flattening or inversion reversible ST segment
depression/elevation (planar,
downsloping,upsloping)
wide QRS
complex
pathologic Q wave
late ventricular potential, LVP
心室晚电位
T wave
electrical alternations
T
波电交替
upright
tilt-table testing, head-up tilt testing
直立倾斜试验
cardiac
electrophysiologic
study
心电生理检查
:programmed
electrical
stimulation
sinus node recovery time, SNRT
窦房结恢复时间
sinoatrial conduction time ,SACT
窦房结传导时间
echocardiography
超声心动图
two-
dimensional echocardiography Doppler
echocardiography
color Doppler flow
imaging
Doppler tissue imaging
多普勒组织成像技术
transesophageal
echocardiography
经食管超声心动图
intravascular
ultrasound
血管内超声
stress echocardiography
负荷心超图
ejection
fraction (0.50-0.75) ambulatory blood pressure
monitoring
动态血压监测
coronary angiography
冠脉造影
cardiac
catheterization
心导管术
cardiac radionuclide (blood pool)
scanning
Management
处理
avoid a high
dietary salt intake avoid severe exertion and
vigorous
exercise
avoid a
heavy meal or very cold water avoid
agitation
情绪激动
stop smoking
，
alcohol withdrawal
keep bowels
open
通便
: lactulose
乳果糖，
Bisacody
便塞停，
s
enna
leaves;sennae,folium
番泻叶
analgesia
镇痛
:morphine
吗啡，
meperidi
ne
，
pethidine
哌替啶
take
sublingual nitrate
before undertaking exertion thar may induce angina
interventional therapy for
cardiovascular diseases
介入治疗
radiofrequency catheter ablation
,RFCA
经导管射频消融
coronary revascularization
therapy
冠脉血运重建术
;reperfusion
therapy
再灌注治疗
percutaneous coronary intervention ,PCI
经皮冠脉介入治疗
percutaneous transluminal coronary
angioplasty, PTCA
经皮腔内冠脉成
形术
percutaneous intracoronary stent implantation
经皮冠脉内支架植入术
thromb
olysis
溶栓
:urokinase,
UK
尿激酶
rt-
PA
重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂
coronary artery bypass graft ,CABG
冠脉旁路手术
great
saphenous vein
大隐静脉
internal mammary artery
内乳动脉
percutaneous balloon mitral
valvuloplasty ,PBMV
经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术
artifical cardiac pacing
人工心脏起搏
:
persisten
t/temporary,biatrial/biventricular
antitachycardia pacing
抗心动过速起搏
ATP
cardioversion
心脏电复律
defibrillation
电除颤
thumpversion
捶击复律
implantable
cardioverter defibrillator, ICD
置入型心律转复除颤器
cardiac resynchronization therapy, CRT
心脏再同步化治疗
heart
transplantation
combined heart and
lung transplantation
心肺联合移植
percutaneous pericardiocentesis
心包穿刺术
常用药物
vasodilator
血管扩张剂
(phlebectasis
静脉扩张，
arteriectasis
动脉扩张
)
nitrate-based vasodilating
agents
硝酸酯类血管扩张剂
nitroglycerin
硝酸甘油
sodium
nitroprusside
硝普钠
isosorbide dinitrate
硝酸异山梨酯，消心痛
diuretics
thiazide
diuretic:hydrochlorothiazide
双氢克尿塞
(
氢氯噻嗪
) loop
diuretic:furosemide
呋塞米，速尿
,
bumetanide
布美他尼
torasemide
托拉塞
米，特苏尼
potassium-sparing diuretic:
antisterone, Spironolactone
螺内酯，安体
舒通
inotropic agent
正性肌力药
digitalis
preparation
洋地黄类
:digoxin
地高辛，
cedilanid
，
< br>lanatoside
C
西地兰
adrenergic
receptor stimulant:
dopamine
多巴胺，
dobutamine
多巴
酚丁胺
adrenaline<
/p>
肾上腺素
isopropylnoradrenalin
异丙肾上腺素
phosphodiesterase inhibitor
磷酸二酯酶抑制剂
:Milrinone
米力农
renin-
angiotensin-aldosterone system, R
AAS
肾素
-
血管紧张素
-
醛固酮系统
angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor
,ACEI
血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂
angiotensin-II antagonist/receptor
blocker
aldosterone antagonist
醛固酮拮抗剂
beta
adrenergic receptor blocker(beta blockers)
calcium channel blocker, CCB
antiarrhythmic drug
lidocaine
利多卡因
propafenone
普罗帕酮，心律平
amiodarone
胺碘酮，可达龙
propranolol
普萘洛尔，心得安
verapamil
维拉帕米，异搏定
HMG-CoA
reductase inhibitors: simvastatin
辛伐他汀，舒降之
atorvastatin
阿托伐他汀，立普妥
fluvastatin
氟伐地汀
,
来适可
antiplatelet
drugs:aspirin
阿司匹林
< br>clopidogrel
氯吡格雷
,
波利维
tirofiban
替罗非班，欣维宁
anticoagulation drugs subcutaneous low
molecular weight heparin
胸闷
(chest
distress)
高血压肾病
hypertensive
nephropathy
hypertensive renal disease
心力衰竭
:
Heart
failure
心力衰竭
Congestive beart failure
充血性心力衰竭
Acute
left-sided heart failure
急性左心衰竭
Chroinc
heart failure
慢性心力衰竭
Intractable heart failure
难治性心力衰竭
Systolic
insufficiency heart failure
收缩功能不全性心力衰竭
Diastolic insufficiency heart failure
舒张功能不全性心力衰竭
Congestive
heart failure
充血性心力衰竭
Cardiac
dysfunction
心功能障碍
心律失常
:
Arrhythmia
(cardiac arrhythmia)
心律失常
Triggered activity
触发活动
Afterdepolarization
后除极
a.
窦房结
Sinus node recovery time SNRT
窦房结恢复时间
Sinoatrial
conduction
time SACT
窦房传导时间
Bradycardia
心动过缓
Tachycardia
心动过速
Sinus
tachycardia
窦性心动过速
Sinus bradycardia
窦性心动过缓
Sinus
pause (sinus arrest)
窦性停搏
(
窦性静止
) sinoatrial block
窦房
阻滞
(Mobitz
莫氏
, Wenckebach
文氏
) Sick sinus syndrome(SSS)
病
(
态
)
窦
(
房
结
)
综合征
Bradycardia-
tachycardia syndrome
心动过缓
-
心动过速综合征
b.
心
房
Atrial premature beats
房性期前收缩
Atrial
tachycardia
房性心动过速
Intrinsic heart rate
固有心率
Automatic
atrial tachycardia
自律性房性心动过速
Reentrant atrial
tachycardia
折返性房性心动过速
Chaotic atrial
tachycardia
紊乱性房性心动
过速
Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with AV block (PAT
with block)
伴有房
室阻滞的阵发
性房性心动过速
Multifocal atrial tachycardia
多源性房性心动过速
Atrial flutter
心房
扑动
Atrial fibrillation
心房颤动
c.
房室交界区性
Premature atrioventricular junctional
beats
房室交界区性期前收缩
AV
junctional escape beats
房室交界区性逸搏
AV junctional
rhythm
房室交界区
性心律
Nonparoxysmal atrioventricular
junctional tachycardia
非阵发性房室交
界区性心动
过速
Paroxysmal
supraventricular
tachycardia(PSVT)
阵发性室上性心动过速
Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachyc
ardia(AVNRT)
房室结内折返性心
动过速
Atrioventricular Reentrant
Tachycardia(AVNRT)
房室返性心动过速
Preexcitation syndrome(Wolff-Parkinson-
White syndrome)
预激综合征
(WPW
综合
征
)
d.
心室
Premature ventricular beats
室性期前收缩
Ventricular parasystole
室性并行心律
Ventricular tachycardia
室性心动过速
Accelerated idioventricular rhythm
加速性心室自主节律
Torsades de
pointes
尖端扭转
Ventricular flutter
心室扑动
Ventricular
fibrillation
心室颤动
Atrioventricular block
房室传导阻滞
Wenckebach block
文氏阻滞
Adame-
Strokes syndrom
阿
,
斯综合征
Intraventricular block
室内传导阻滞
Right
bundle branch block
右束支传导阻滞
Left bundle branch block
左
束支传导阻滞
Left anterior fascicular block
左前分支传导阻滞
Left posterior
fascicular block
左后分支传导阻滞
Bifascicular block
双分支阻滞
Trifascicular block
三分支阻滞
心脏骤停与猝死
sudden
cardiac death
心脏性猝死
Cardiac arrest
心脏骤停
Pulseless
electrical activity (PEA)
无脉性电活动
高血压
:
Hypertension
高血压
Hypertensive urgencyes
高血压急症
Hypertensive crisis
高血压危象
Hypertensive emergencies
高血压危症
Secondary
hypertension
继发性高血压
Primary hypertension
原发性高血压
“White
coat” hypertension 白大衣性高血压
4
Isolated systolic hypertension
单纯收缩期高血压
Arteriolosclerosis
小动脉硬化
先心病
:
Congenital
heart disease
先天性心脏病
Congenital cardiovascular disease
先天性心血管病
Pulmonic stenosis
肺动脉狭窄
Isolated
pulmonic stenosis
单纯肺动脉口狭窄
Coarctation of the aorta
主动脉缩窄
Idiopathic
dilatation of the pulmonary artery
单纯肺动脉扩张
Primary
pulmonary hypertension
原发性肺动脉高压
Persistent left
superior vena
cava
双侧上腔静脉
(
左上腔静脉残存
)
Isolated dextrocardia
孤立性右位心
Atrial
septal defect
房间隔缺损
Partial anomalous pulmonary venous
drainage
部分性肺静脉畸形引流
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
室间隔缺损
Eisenmenger’s syndrome
艾森门格综合征
Patent ductus
arteriosus(PDA)
动脉导管未闭
Tetralogy of
Fallot
法洛四联症
Trilogy of
Fallot
法洛三联症
Complete transposition of the great
vessels
完全性大血管错位
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
房间隔缺损
心脏瓣膜病
:
Multivalve heart disease
多瓣膜疾病
5
Mitral valve disease
二尖瓣疾病
Pulmonic
valve disease
肺动脉瓣疾病
Tricuspid valve disease
三尖瓣疾病
Ebstein’s
anomaly 三尖瓣下移畸形
Dysfunction
or rupture of papillary muscle
乳头肌功能失调或断裂
Aortic valve disease
主动脉瓣疾病
Aortic
arch syndrome
主动脉弓综合征
Valvular heart disease
心脏瓣膜
病
rheumatic heart disease
风湿性心脏病
Rheumatic
fever
风湿热
Rheumatic carditis
风湿性心脏炎
Mitral
stenosis
二尖瓣狭窄
Mitral incompetence
二尖瓣关闭不全
Acute
mitral insufficiency
急性二尖瓣关闭不全
Chronic mitral
insufficiency
慢性二尖瓣关闭不全
Marfan’s syndrom 马凡氏综合征
Aortic stenosis
主动脉瓣狭窄
Aortic
incompetence
主动脉瓣关闭不全
Chronic aortic insufficiency
慢
性主动脉瓣关闭不全
Tricuspid stenosis
三尖瓣狭窄
Tricuspid incompetence
三尖瓣关闭不全
Pulmonary stenosis
肺动脉瓣狭
窄