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感染相关英文词汇小结
G
+
(
1
肺炎球菌感染)
1. Gram-
Positive Bacteria
革兰阳性菌
2.
micrococci
微球菌
3.
Louis Pasteur
路易斯,巴斯德
4. etiology of pneumonia
肺炎的病因学
5.
Etiologic
agent
病因学微生物
6.
Streptococcus
链球菌
7.
cell division
occurs along a single axis
细胞分裂沿单一轴进行
8.
grow in chains or pairs
成链或成对生长
9.
hemolytic properties
溶血特性
10.
S.
pneumoniae
(
Streptococcus
pneumoniae
)
肺炎链球菌
11.
α
-hemolytic group
α溶血组
12.
blood agar
血培养皿
13.
characteristically
produces a greenish color
特征绿色
14.
reduction of iron in
hemoglobin
还原血红蛋白中的铁
15.
fastidious
苛养(菌)
16.
mucoid(smooth/shiny) colonies
粘液状克隆(光滑<
/p>
/
金属色)
17.
Pneumococci
without a capsule
无夹膜的肺炎球菌
18.
colonies
with a rough surface
克隆表面粗糙
19.
optochin
(ethyl hydrocuprein hydrochloride)
奥普托欣试验()
20.
bile soluble
在胆汁中溶解
21.
a polysaccharide capsule
多糖夹膜
22.
serogroups/
serotypes
血清群
/
血清型
23.
rabbit
polyclonal antisera
兔多克隆抗血清
24.
the Quellung
reaction
Quellung
反应:在特定抗血清处理
下,夹膜肿胀
25.
phagocytosis
吞噬作用
26.
determinant of pneumococcal virulence
毒力的决定因素
27.
Unencapsulated variants
无夹膜的变种
28.
invasive disease.
侵袭性疾病
29.
host defense mechanisms
宿主防御系统
30.
Pneumolysin
肺炎球菌溶血素
31.
cytolysis of cells and
tissues
细胞和组织的溶解
32.
cell wall proteins
细胞壁蛋白
33.
complement pathway
补体系统
34.
complement deposition
补体沉积
35.
preventing lysis an/or
opsonophagocytosis
防止溶解和补体发挥调理作用
36.
The pneumococcal H
inhibitor (Hic)
肺炎球菌
H
抑制体
37.
impedes the formation of
C3 convertase
抑制
C3
转话体的形成
38.
pneumococcal
surface protein C (PspC)
肺炎球菌表面蛋白
C
39.
choline-binding protein
A (CbpA)
胆碱结合蛋白
A
40.
surface-anchored
sialidase (neuraminidase)
NanA
表面锚定唾液酸酶(唾液酸苷酶)
41. sialic acid
唾液酸
42.
pneumococcal surface
adhesin A (PsaA)
肺炎球菌表面粘合分子
43.
potential
vaccine candidates
潜在的疫苗靶点
44.
Molecular
typing
分子型
45.
pulsed-field gel
electrophoresis
脉冲凝胶电泳
46.
genetic
relatedness
基因相关性
46.
superseded
by
sequencing
of
housekeeping genes
管家基因测序已取代(电泳)
47.
multilocus
sequence typing,
MLST
多位点序列分型
coccal
MLST
Web
site
(
/
)
肺球菌多位点分型查询
49.
whole-genome
sequencing
will
soon
supersede MLST
全基因组测序不久将替代
MLST
50.
routine
childhood
administration
of
pneumococcal
p
olysaccharide
–
protein
conjugate vaccine (PCV)
幼年期常
规注射肺球菌多糖蛋白结合物
疫苗
51.
secular trends
长期趋势
52. epidemiologic features
流行病学特征
53.
serotype
distribution
血清学分布
ve
pneumococcal
disease
(IPD,
defined
as
infection
of
a
normally
sterile
site)
侵袭性肺炎球菌病(通常体无菌出现感
染)
55.
disease
burden
疾病负担
56. military barracks
军营
57.
intermittent
inhabitants
of
the
healthy
human
nasopharynx
正常人鼻咽腔的间断定植菌
58.
respiratory droplets
呼吸道飞沫
59.
socioeconomic
status
社会经济状况
60.
major
vectors
of
pneumococcal
transmission
主要的肺链球菌传播者
61.
Cross-
sectional prevalence data
横断面发病率数据
62.
high rates of
colonization
高定植率
63.
community
transmission dynamics
社区传播动力学
64.
cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF)
脑脊液
65. aspiration of pneumococci
吸入肺球菌
66.
a positive
blood culture
血培养阳性
67.
routine pediatric vaccination schedule
常规幼儿疫苗接种计划
68.
pneumococcal
pneumonia
肺炎球菌肺炎
emia
菌血症
70.
a definitive
etiologic diagnosis
病原学诊断明确
71.
radiographically confirmed pneumonia
影像学确诊的肺炎
72.
clinically
diagnosed pneumonia
临床确诊的肺炎
73.
The case-fatality ratios (CFRs)
病死率
74.
underlying medical
condition
基础疾病
75.
access to care
治疗情况
76.
severity of
disease at presentation
起病时病情的严重程度
77.
hospitalized
patients
住院患者
78.
appropriate
and timely management is
available
适当及时的治疗
79. the first 24 h of hospitalization
住院后
24h
80.
rapidly progressive
cascade of events
快速进展
81.
irrespective
of antibiotic administration
与抗菌药物应用无关
82.
temperate
climate
温带气候
83.
ethnic group
民族
84.
crowded
settings
拥挤的环境
85.
susceptible
individuals
易感人群
86.
preceding
viral respiratory disease
(especially
but not exclusively influenza)
曾患呼吸系统疾病(尤其但不限于流感)
87.
secondary pneumococcal
infections
继发的肺炎球菌感染
88.
seasonal and pandemic influenza
季节性、流行性感冒
89.
Reduced
pneumococcal susceptibility to
penicillin
肺炎球菌对青霉素敏感性下降
90.
prevalence of
pneumococcal isolates
resistant to
single or multiple classes of
antibiotics
分离出的肺炎球菌对一种或多种抗菌
药
物耐药的趋势明显
91.
minimal inhibitory
concentrations (MICs)
最小抑菌浓度
92.
rising absolute magnitude
绝对值提高
93.
penicillin G
青霉素
G
94. cefotaxime
头孢噻肟(
< br>3nd
)
95. ceftriaxone
头孢曲松
96. macrolides
大环酯类
97.
difficult-to-
treat infections
难治性感染
98.
pneumococcal antimicrobial
nonsusceptibility
肺炎球菌抗菌药物耐药问题
99.
mucosal
surfaces
膜状表面
100.
otitis media
中耳炎
101.
pneumonia
肺炎
102.
distant
sites:
brain
远处播散
103. joint
关节
104. bones
骨骼
105. peritoneal cavity
腹腔
106.
pneumococcal meningitis
肺炎球菌性脑膜炎
107.
secondary
to hematogenous
spread
继发于血流感染
108.
flow of
mucus
粘液的流动
109.
avoid local
immune factors
逃避免疫因子
110.
leukocytes
白细胞
111.
complement
补体
112.
cilia
纤毛(
cilium
的名词复数)
113.
mucociliary escalator
纤毛的活动
114.
mechanical
clearance of pneumococci
机械清除肺炎球菌
115.
colonization episodes
定植的时间
116.
persistent colonization
长期定植
117.
development
of capsule-specific serum
IgG
(导致)夹膜特异性血清
IgG
抗体
118.
Intercurrent viral infections
并发的病毒感染
119.
Local
cytokine production
局部细胞因子的产生
120.
upregulate adhesion
factors
上调粘附因子
121.
peptidoglycans
肽葡聚糖
122.
teichoic acids
磷壁酸
123.
interleukin
I and IL-6
白介素
-1
和
白介素
-6
124.
tumor
necrosis factor (TNF)
肿瘤坏死因子
125.
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
多形核白细胞
126. innate immune factors
固有防御因子
127. splenic function
肾功能
128.
cough reflex
咳嗽反射
129. C-reactive protein (CRP)
C
反应蛋白
130.
phosphorylcholine
磷脂胆碱
131.
Toll-like
receptor 2 (TLR2)
Toll
样受体
2
132.
lipoteichoic acid
脂膜酸
133.
cell wall peptidoglycan
细胞壁肽聚糖
134.
cystic
fibrosis
囊肿性纤维化
135.
bronchiectasis
支气管扩
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