2018届北京市高考英语模拟题

该项涂黑。

A

Become a Volunteer and Make a Difference

The First Tee, as an outstanding youth development organization, is always searching for good

people that want to volunteer at one of our many Pittsburgh area locations.

We’

re Looking for You!

Nationwide, we currently have more than 3,700 coaches signed up with The First Tee as well as

volunteers. But you don’t have to be a gol

f professional or even a good golfer.

With The First Tee

Coach Program, we provide the training you need.

Developed with input from leading experts in the field of positive youth development, our

program focuses on making participants stronger and more confident through decision-making and

exploring options, inspiring the golfers of tomorrow to look to the future, set goals, and unlock their

potential.

We also need more volunteers to make The First Tee possible. Opportunities include:

Assistant Coach:

assist in our weekly golf clinics. All that we request is that you make a 7-week

commitment (one day per week), for 2 hours each week. Each clinic is led by one of our trained staff

members who creates a written lesson plan for our volunteers to follow.

Database Manager:

input data entry of participants, volunteers, and community relation records

and update chapter information for Home Office and community relations. The database manager is

expected to update the data a minimum of every other week.

Equipment Manager:

organize and sort donated equipment, get rid of unfit equipment, and

arrange equipment for distribution to participants at least once a week.

Greeter:

register participants, hand information to parents, greet visitors, answer phone and

provide general program information.

Process of Becoming a Volunteer

Begin by filling out the Google Forms application bel

ow. Once Alison Boyle (our Director of

V

olunteer and Participant Services) receives your completed application, she will contact you for an

in-person interview.

CLICK HERE to fill out a V

olunteer Application via Google Forms

For more information, please contact our Director of Volunteer and Participant Services, Alison

Boyle, at

aboyle@

.

21 The First Tee Coach Program centers on _____.

A. empowering participants

C. attracting more visitors

B. training professional coaches

D. looking for golf stars

22. If you are good at using computers, you may choose to be a (an) _____.

A. greeter

B. assistant coach

C. database manager

D. equipment manager

23. To become a volunteer at The First Tee, one must _____.

A. be a good golfer

B. have an interview

D. promise to work 7 weeks

B

C. consult Alison Boyle

Most heroes

are not super. They don’t appear in comic boo

ks, on television, or in movies. They

just do what they believe needs to be done to make their world a better place. Bike Batman is one of

them.

Bike Batman is a 30-year-

old married engineer who lives in Seattle, Washington. He’s a cyclist

who also buys and sells bikes as a hobby.

About

three

years

ago,

he

was

looking

for

a

bike

for

his

wife.

He

found

one

on

Craigslist,

a

website where people list things they want to sell. As he often does, he also looked at Bike Index, a

popular website that allows users

to register their bikes and post reports when they’re taken. The bike,

which

he

was

considering

purchasing,

clearly

matched

one

reported

stolen

on Bike

Index.

Then

he

called

the

person

who

claimed

to

be

the

bike’s

own

er

and

arranged

to

meet

him

—

supposedly

to

complete the sale.

When the two men met, Bike Batman told the thief, “You’ve got two options. You

can wait until a police officer gets here, or you can just get out of here

.” You can imagine what the

thief did.

After that first success, Bike Batman developed a safer routine. When he sees questionable bike

ads

on

Craigslist,

he

cross-references

the

image

with

bikes

reported

on

Bike

Index.

Once

he

has

confirmed

it

with

the

owner,

he

arranges

a

meet-up

with

the

thief

and

will

call

the

Seattle

police

department so that officers can participate in the action. In more than half of the 22 cases in which he

has got back and returned bikes, the thieves have been arrested. In one case, Bike Batman even helped

a family recover a wide range of prized possessions that suspects had stolen during a home burglar

y.

His nickname came from a discussion with a police officer who suggested he be called “Robin

Hood”.

Since

he

wasn’t

exactly

stealing

from

the

rich

and

giving

to

the

poo

r,

“Batman”

seemed

a

better fit. The idea of a superhero punishing criminals feels pretty silly to him, but the main reason he

continues his work is to keep up

Seattle’

s reputation as a friendly city.

24 Bike Batman is _____.

A. a superhero

B. a website manager

C. a Seattle citizen

D. a police officer

25. When Bike Batman discovers a questionable bike, he will first _____.

A. contact the owner of the stolen bike

C. call the police department

B. look up the bike

’

s information

D. arrange to meet the thief

26. Bike Batman helps find the lost bikes to _____.

A. become famous

B. help poor people

D. build a friendly city

C. punish bike thieves

27. From the passage, we can learn that _____.

A. Bike Batman felt relieved to see the thieves arrested

B. Bike Batman began his good deeds by accident

C. the police failed to perform their duties

D. the thieves refused to return the bikes

C

The

online

takeaway

industry

is

growing

in

China

along

with

the

rapid

development

of

the

Internet economy. But environmental activists complain that the huge volume of plastic utensils (

用具

),

wrapping

and

containers

presents

a

great

challenge

to

the

environment,

and

that

the

heavy

use

of

throwaway wooden chopsticks is reducing natural resources.

On

September

1,

t

he

Beijing

No.4

Intermediate

People’s

Court

accepted

a

lawsuit

filed

by

the

Chongqing Green V

olunteer League

, an environmental non-government organization (NGO), against

the

country’s

three

largest

food

delivery

platforms—

Baidu

Waimai,

and

Meituan.

The NGO

stated that the companies failed to provide customers with the choice to not receive throwaway plastic

utensils

along

with

their

food

deliveries.

Meanwhile,

these

utensils

have

created

large

amounts

of

rubbish and caused serious ecological damage.

In response, both Meituan and , which acquired Baidu Waimai in August, have promised to

take measures to reduce plastic waste. Meituan announced that it would appoint a chief environmental

officer to oversee environmental issues from plastic waste and upgrade its smartphone app to provide

consumers with the option of ordering food without single-use chopsticks, spoons or napkins.

followed by offering a similar choice and putting forward a plan to introduce suppliers of degradable

(

可降解的

) plastic utensils to restaurants in the long term.

Is there a possible way out? Combined efforts by delivery platforms, consumers, restaurants and

government departments are required to address plastic waste pollution.

For platforms, promoting environmental protection and introducing this idea to consumers are a

meaningful

move.

Moreover,

in

the

future,

they

should

also

make

strict

rules

on

the

use

of

plastic

utensils. For example, no more than one plastic bag should be used to wrap soup dishes, and all plastic

products should be degradable. It is a long and difficult task for them, and the recent reactions from

and Meituan are just beginnings.

Considering most takeout food packaging is thrown into garbage bins and then taken away along

with

other

household

garbage,

sorting

of

waste

also

becomes

more

important.

Government

departments could play a major role in this, and by recycling some materials, waste pollution could be

reduced and resources saved. Furthermore, there have been growing calls that the government should

also invest more in developing degradable plastic products or environmentally friendly alternatives.

Though consumers enjoy the convenience yet also suffer exposure to the pollution, many of them

have paid little attention to the plastic waste problem. Environmental groups suggest that consumers

change

their

habits

a

little

by

using

their

own

utensils

and

dishes

and

refusing

unnecessary

plastic

containers.

28. The Chongqing Green V

olunteer League accused the three food delivery platforms of _____.

A. causing damage t

o people’

s health

B. violating environmental standards

C. using many wooden chopsticks

D. offering no utensil option

29. The author suggests food delivery platforms _____.

A. Raise

people’s awareness

.

C. Upgrade their application design.

B. Research possible alternatives.

D. Hire a chief environmental officer.

30 Who probably plays a more important role in promoting the categorization of rubbish?

A. government departments

C. environmental groups

B. food delivery platforms

D. fast food restaurants

31. The passage is mainly concerned with _____.

A. why environmental problems arise

B. who food delivery platforms affect most

C. how plastic utensil pollution can be solved

D. what efforts environmental groups have made

D

Ownership used to be about as straightforward as writing a cheque. If you bought something, you

owned it. If it broke, you fixed it. If you no longer wanted it, you sold it or threw it away. In the digital

age,

however,

ownership

has

become

more

slippery.

Since

the

coming

of

smartphones,

consumers

have been forced to accept that they do not control the software in their devices; they are only licensed

to

use

it.

As

a

digital

chain

is

wrapped

ever

more

tightly

around

more

devices,

such

as

cars

and

thermostats,

who

owns

and

who

controls

which

objects

is

becoming

a

problem.

Buyers

should

be

aware that some of their most basic property rights are under threat.

The

trend

is

not

always

harmful.

Manufacturers

seeking

to

restrict

what

owners

do

with

increasingly

complex

technology

have

good

reasons

to

protect

their

copyright,

ensure

that

their

machines

do

not

break

down,

support

environmental

standards

and

prevent

hacking.

Sometimes

companies use their control over a product’s software for the owners’ benefit. When Hurricane Irma

hit Florida this month, Tesla remotely updated the software controlling the batteries of some models to

give owners more range to escape the storm.

But the more digital strings are attached to goods, the more the balance of control leans towards

producers and away from owners. That can be inconvenient. P

icking a car is hard enough, but harder

still if you have to dig up the instructions that tell you how use is limited and what data you must give.

If the products are intentionally designed not to last long, it can also be expensive. Already, items from

smartphones to washing machines have become extremely hard to fix, mean

ing that they are thrown

away instead of being repaired.

Privacy is also at risk. Users become terrified when iRobot, a robotic vacuum cleaner, not only

cleans

the

floor

but

also

creates

a

digital

map

of

the

inside

of

a

home

that

can

then

be

sold

to

advertisers

(though

the

manufacturer

says

it

has

no

intention

of

doing

so).

Cases

like

this

should

remind people how jealously they ought to protect their property rights and control who uses the data

that is collected.

Ownership is not about to go away, but its meaning is changing. This requires careful inspection.

Devices, by and large, are sold on the basis that they enable people to do what they want. To the extent

they are controlled by somebody else, that freedom is compromised.

32. What benefit does it bring to customers if companies control the ownership of products?

A. It provides them with knowledge to prevent hacking.

B. It gives them the chance to be protected from danger.

C. It enables them to own the copyright of the products.

D. It helps them know more about complex technology.

33.

The underlined words “that freedom” in the last pa

ragraph refer to the freedom to _____.

A. control other people

C. inspect devices at any time

34. The author may agree _____.

A. customers should buy fewer digital devices

B. producers should control property rights

B. share the ownership

D. use devices as one wishes

C. property rights need to be protectedD. better after s

ales service is required

35. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?

A.

B.

C

D.

I: Introduction

P: Point

Sp: Sub-point (

次要点

)

C: Conclusion

第二 节（共

5

小题；每小题

2

分，共

10

分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多

余选项。

The Art of Slow Reading

If you are reading this article in print, chances are that you will only get through half of what

I have written. And if you are reading this online, you may not even finish a fifth.

36

They

suggest

that

many

of

us

no

longer

have

the

concentration

to

read

articles

through

to

their

conclusion.

So are we getting stupider? Actually, our online habits are damaging the mental power we

need to process and understand textual information. Round-the-clock news makes us

read from

one article to the next without necessarily engaging fully with any of the content. Our reading is

frequently interrupted by the noise of the latest email and we are now absorbing short bursts of

words on Twitter and Facebook more regularly than longer texts.

37

But we are gradually

forgetting how to sit back, think carefully, and relate all the facts to each other.

38

A

desperate

bunch

of

academics

want

us

to

take

our

time

while

reading,

and

re- reading. They ask us to switch off our computers every so often and rediscover both the joy of