北京16大景点中英文对照

1.

故宫

故宫又名紫 禁城，

位于北京市中心、

天安门广场北

1km

，

景山南门对面。

故宫外

围是一条护城河，河内是周长

3km

、高近< /p>

10

米的城墙，城墙四面都有门，南有

午 门，北有神武门，东有东华门，西有西华门；城墙四角还耸立着

4

座角楼，造

型别致，玲珑剔透。

故 宫大体可分为两部分，南为工作区，即外朝；北为生活区，即内廷。其所有建

筑排列在中 轴线上，

东西对称。

在居住区以北还有一个小巧别致的御花园，

是皇

室人员游玩之所。

现在故宫的一些宫殿中设有综合性展览，

收藏有大量古代艺术珍品，

是中国文物

收藏最丰富的博物馆。

1. The Imperial Palace

The

Imperial

Palace,

also

known

as

the

Forbidden

City

,

is

located

in

the

center

of

Beijing City

, 1 km

north

from the

Tiananmen Square, right opposite the south gate of

Jingshan

Mountain.

Outside

the

Imperial

Palace

lies

a

moat,

on

the

inner

side

of

which there?s the city wall whose perimeter is 3 km with a height of nearly 10 meters.

The wall

has one gate on each side:

the Meridian Gate to the south, the Shenwu Gate

to

the

north,

the

Donghua

Gate

to

the

east

and

the

Xihua

Gate

to

the

west;

besides,

there?re four exquisitely carved unique turrets standing at each corner of the wall.

The

Forbidden

City

can

be

roughly

divided

into

two

parts:

the

southern

part,

the

working

area,

is

called

“the

outer

court”

and

the

northern

part,

the

living

area,

is

regarded

as

“the

imperial

palace”.

All

the

constructions

of

the

Imperial

Palace

are

arranged

orderly

on

the

central

axis

with

east- west

symmetry

.

To

the

north

of

the

living

area

is

the

small

but

unique

Imperial

Garden

where

the

royal

family

amuse

themselves.

Nowadays,

some

palaces

in

the

Forbidden

City

have

been

equipped

with

comprehensive

exhibitions

where

abundant

ancient

art

treasures

are

collected.

The

National Palace Museum is the museum that collects the most cultural relics in China.

2.

天坛公园

天坛位于北京城南端，

是明清两代皇帝祭祀天地之神和祈祷五谷丰收的地方。

天

坛包括圜丘和祈谷二坛，

围墙分内外两层，< /p>

呈回字形。

北围墙为弧圆形，

南围墙

与东西墙成直角相交，为方形。这种南方北圆，通称“天地墙”

，象 征古代“天

圆地方”之说。外坛墙东、南、北三面均没有门，只有西边修两座大门

——

圜丘

坛门和祈谷坛门（也称天坛门）

。而内坛墙四周则有东、南、西、北四座天门。

内坛建有祭坛和斋宫 ，并有一道东西横墙，南为圜丘坛，北为祈谷坛。

2. The Temple of Heaven

Located

in

southern

Beijing

City

,

the

Temple

of

Heaven

is

the

place

where

the

emperors

of

Ming

and

Qing

Dynasties

worshiped

Heaven

and

prayed

for

bumper

crops. The

Temple of

Heaven

is comprised of

the Circular Mound

Altar and the Hall

of Prayer

for

Good Harvests, and

there?re two walls,

the

inner one and the outer one,

surrounding

the

Temple of

Heaven.

With

north

wall being circular

and the south one

square

as

it

intersects

with

the

east

and

west

walls

at

right

angles,

they?re

given

the

name

“the

Heaven

and

Earth

Walls”,

representing

Hea

ven

and

Earth,

for

in

ancient

China, people believed that Heaven was round and Earth was square. There is no gate

at

the

east,

south

and

north

side

of

the

outer

wall

and

the

only

two

gates

are

at

the

west

side,

which are the Circular Mound

Altar

Gate and

the

Hall of Prayer

for

Good

Harvests Gate, also known as the Tiantan Gate. While, the inner wall is surrounded by

four

gates,

each

one

at

each

side.

Inside

the

temple

are

the

altar

and

the

Hall

of

Abstinence, and they are separated by a cross wall

trending east-west, to the south of

which

is

the

Circular

Mound

Altar

and

to

the

north

is

the

Hall

of

Prayer

for

Good

Harvests.

3.

颐和园

颐和园坐落于北京西郊，

是中国古典园林之首，

总面积约

290

公顷，

由万寿山和

昆明湖组成。

全园分

3

个区域：< /p>

以仁寿殿为中心的政治活动区；

以玉澜堂、

乐寿

堂为主体的帝后生活区；以万寿山和昆明湖组成的风景旅游区。

< br>

3. The Summer Palace

Located

in

the

western

suburbs

of

Beijing,

the

Summer

Palace

which

is

regarded

as

the

most typical Chinese classical

garden

is composed by the

Longevity

Hill and

the

Kunming

Lake,

covering

a

total

area

of

about

290

hectares.

The

whole

palace

is

mainly divided

into 3 areas: the political activities area

with

the Hall of

Benevolence

and

Longevity

as

the

center;

the

royal

living

area,

the

Hall

of

Jade

Ripples

and

the

Hall of Happiness and Longevity; the scenic area which consists of the Longevity Hill

and the Kunming Lake.

4.

圆明园

圆明园坐落在北京西郊，毗邻颐和园，由圆明、长春、绮春三园组成，是清朝帝

王在

150

余年间创建和经营的一座大型皇家宫苑。

圆明园不仅以园林著称，

而且

也是一座收藏丰富的皇家博物 馆，

园内各殿堂内陈列有许多国内外稀世文物，

园

中文源阁是全国四大皇家藏书楼之一，

藏有

《四库全 书》

、

《古今图书集成》

、