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词法翻译篇
第一章
汉英词汇比较与翻译
第一节
翻译中的选义
一
1.
他昨天擦破了皮,现在到医院换药去了。
He had a scratch yesterday and now has
gone to change
dressing
[1]
in
the hospital.
2.
佃农家庭的生活自然是很苦的。可是由于母亲聪明能干,却也舒服。
The life of a tenant farmer’s family
was of course hard, but we somehow managed to
scrape along because mother was a
clever and able woman.
3.
豪华家具带给您典雅的欧陆风情。
You will be enchanted by the unique
European style of Fuhua furniture
4.
我那新郎官哪!那个死东西!他就是死也不肯仅洞房。
My betrothed! Damn him, he simply
refused to come into the bridal
chamber!
二、量词搭配
1.
一窝蜜蜂
a swarm of
bees
一窝小鸡
a brood
of chickens
一窝幼犬
a litter of pups
2.
一群美女
a bevy of
beautiful ladies
一群猎狗
a pack of hounds
一群鸭
a team of
ducks
一群羚羊
a herd
of antelopes
3.
积极支持
unfailing
support
积极的财政政策
proactive fiscal policy
积极利用国外资源
make
effective use of overseas resources
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4.
打电话
make a phone call
打的
take a taxi
打毛衣
knit a woolen
sweater
打水
fetch water
打农药
spray insecticide
5.
基本工资
basic wage
基本建设
capital
construction
基本物质
essential commodity
基本工业
primary
industry
基本利益
fundamental interest
三、翻译句子(
“
意见
”
p>
与
“
事
”
)
1.
两位领导就双边关系及共同关心的问题交换了意见。
The two leaders
exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues
of common
concern.
2.
党员应该虚心倾听群众的意见。
Party members should listen
carefully to the opinions of the general
public.
3.
他们对这项计划提出了修改的意见。
They offered some
suggestions for the revision of the
plan.
4.
大家对这一做法很有意见。
Everyone complained against
such a practice.
5.
他们在会上闹起了意见。
They had a dispute at the
meeting.
6.
你应该听从医生的意见。
You should follow the
doctor’s advice.
7.
他们就此问题取得了一致的意见。
--
2
They reached a consensus on this
issue.
8.
还有些未完成的事要处理。
There is still some
unfinished business to settle.
9.
我们就这件事请教过他。
We have consulted him about
the matter.
10.
请回去吧,这里没你的事了。
Please go back. There is
nothing of your concern now.
第二节
翻译中的选词
那要看情况如何。
That
depends upon circumstances.
这种情况必须改变。
This
state of affairs must be changed.
他们的情况怎么样?
How do
matters stand with them?
严格训练,严格要求。
Go in
for rigorous training and set strict
demand.
开船
set sail
开盘
open quotation
开工
go into operation
1.
连续下了三天大雨。
It rained cats and dogs
three days on end/ in succession.
2.
他爱说大话。
He like talking
big/large/horse/tall. He likes saying big
words.
3.
他们在给教师大扫除。
They are giving the
classroom a good (general/spring/thorough)
clean.
--
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4.
他这样的人大有人在。
A person like him is by no
means/ in no way/ on no account rare.
5.
根据你的建议,我们应该办大厂了。
We should go in for
industry in a big way in accordance with your
suggestion.
6.
如果你那样干,你大错特错了。
If you do it
li
ke that, you’ll be completely
mistaken/ be absolutely wrong/ make a big
mistake/ make a major blunder/ commit a
very gross error.
第三节
翻译中的多样性
1.
你两个已是情投意合,竟把你许了他,岂不好?
IT sounds as if the two of you are
always of one mind. How would it be if we wee to
betroth
you to him.
2.
一面说,一面咬牙切齿的,又说道
……
Through
clenched teeth he added...
3.
他倒不怨我,他临死咬牙切齿,倒恨宝玉呢。
She bore me grudge. It was Baoyu who
made her grind her teeth with rage just before she
died
4.
凤姐忙收了怯色,反喝道:
p>
“
死了罢了,有什么大惊小姑的!
”
But
after her initial fright Xif
eng put on
a bold face. “If she’s dead,” she retorted,
“What’s all the fuss about?”
成语翻译
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4
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1.
我说你
“
得陇望蜀
”
呢。
The more you
get, the more you want.
2.
得陇望蜀,人之常情。
It’s only natural for man
to hanker for more.
3.
他们两个鬼鬼祟祟的,不知道在说些什么。
Goodness knows
what they’r
e being so secretive
about.
4.
这两天她经常往这里跑,鬼鬼祟祟的,不知干些什么事。
She’s been
creeping in here the last couple of days in a very
sneaky way. Goodness
knows what she’s
up to.
5.
谁告诉你们了?你们这样大惊小怪的。
Who told you to
make such a fuss over nothing?
6.
还是随便一点吧,不必大惊小怪的。
Anything will do; don’t
fuss.
7.
奶奶病着呢,别大惊小怪的
Our grandma is ill; don’t
kick up such a
shindy
[2]
.
8.
大家听了,说:
“
我当是谁呢,这样大惊小怪的。没必要吧。
”
When others heard this
they
commented, “We thought it was someone who
mattered, but this isn’t worth making
such a fuss about.”
第二章
词法翻译得到一般技巧
--
5
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第一节
对等译法
一、翻译句子
1.
只有当双方谈话投机,希望继续交往时,才会主动掏出名片。
Only when they
find much in common and hope to keep in touch
later on, will they
offer their
cards.
2.
再例如,作为一个中国人,经书不可不读。我年过三十才知道读书自修的重要。
Another
example. The reading of Chinese classics is a must
for all Chinese.
Nevertheless, it was
not until I was over 30 that I came to realize the
importance of
self-study in the matter
of classics.
3.
<
/p>
寄语年轻朋友,千万要持之以恒地从事运动,这不是嬉戏,不是浪费时间。健康的身体
p>
是做人做事的真正本钱。
Dear young friends, my
advice to you
:
Do physical
exercises perseveringly. That has
nothing to do with merry-making or
time-wasting. Good health is the
wherewithal
[3]
for a
successful life and career.
二、翻译成语
浑水摸鱼
fish in
troubled waters
称心如意
be after
one’s own heart
皮包骨头
skin and
bones
一触即发
touch
and go
一语道破
hit the nail on the head
出人头地
be head and
shoulders above others
充耳不闻
turn a deaf
ear to
破釜沉舟
burn
one’s boat
视而不见
turn a blind eye to
大海捞针
look for a
needle in a bundle of hay
三、翻译谚语
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6
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熟能生巧
Practice
makes perfect.
欲速则不达
More haste, less speed.
出门一里,不如家里。
East or west, home
is best.
拉入篮里就是菜。
All is fish that
comes to the net.
皇天不负有心人。
Everything comes to
him who waits.
小巫见大巫。
The moon is not seen
when the sun shines
三思而后行。
Look before you
leap.
无风不起浪。
There
is no smoke without fire.
第二节
增词译法
一、注意增补代词
请把练习本交上来。
Hand in
your exercise-book, please.
我不能用英语表达思想。
I can’t
exp
ress myself in English.
自由主义观有各种表现。
Liberalism manifests itself in various
ways.
不要过分劳累。
Don’t overwork yourself.
我想借此机会向你们表达我们的感谢。
I wish to
avail myself of this opportunity to express
our gratitude to you.
二、注意增补动词
他们意气风发。
They are in high
spirits.
他们喜形于色。
They beamed with
joy.
他眼明手快。
He is
quick of eye and deft of hand.
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